...Prostitution Chapter I The Problem and its Background Introduction Prostitution is said to be one of the oldest profession in the world. It is the giving or receiving of the body for sexual activity for hire but excludes sexual activity between spouses. It is the performance for hire where there is an exchange of value, any of the following acts: Sexual intercourse; sodomy, or; manual or other bodily contact stimulation of the genitals of any person with the intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desires of the offender or another. Background of the Study Prostitution is the performance of sexual acts solely for the purpose of material gain. Persons prostitute themselves when they grant sexual favors to others in exchange for money, gifts, or other payment and in so doing use their bodies as commodities. In legal terms, the word prostitute refers only to those who engage overtly in such sexual-economic transactions, usually for a specified sum of money. Prostitutes may be of either sex, but throughout history the majorities have been women, reflecting both the traditional socioeconomic dependence of women and the tendency to exploit female sexuality. Although prostitution has often been characterized as the “world’s oldest profession,” the concept of women as property, which prevailed in most cultures until the end of the 19th century, meant that the profits of the profession most often accrued to the men who controlled it. Men have traditionally been characterized as procurers...
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...The Legalization of Prostitution Prostitution is one of the oldest professions in the history of the world. The tradition probably started in ancient Babylon, where females needed to go to temples and shrines to serve as sacred prostitutes and offer sexual services to foreigners as an expression of hospitality. 下一页，下一页，下一页 In the United States, prostitution is not legal, except for a few counties in Nevada. 下一页，下一页In recent years, there have been some debates about the legal status of prostitution, with some groups arguing that prostitution should be legalized for various reasons. The main argument is that there are no victims in the “crime” of prostitution。下一页 However, these people fail to realize that prostitution is not without harm. First of all, most sex workers are female and we should not take advantage of women. To objectify women, or even men and children, is devolution of the human rights movement. To allow sexual services be exchanged with money or goods is to allow the abusive demonstration of power of the client over the prostitute, because the act of prostitution violates the dignity as human beings of the sex workers. 下一页 Secondly, there are victims as a result of prostitution. Besides the prostitute, families can be ruined because of prostitution. Many people who get escort services are likely to form an addiction for prostitution and that can ruin families. It causes both emotional and financial distress to members of the household.下一页 Lastly, the nature...
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...Against Legalizing Prostitution in Country like Indonesia There is an ongoing and intense debate surrounding decriminalizing prostitution. Some countries, such as The Netherlands, Canada and Australia have legalized Prostitution. They argue that the legalization of prostitution brings more good than harm, and so far people see that good things such as an increase in country’s gross domestic product and economic output from those country is happening. But, that’s just a glance of external view out of a lot of things that really happened inside of the country that legalize prostitution itself, such as morale issue and women trafficking. This writing will boldly show and explains the arguments against legalizing prostitution and why a country like Indonesia should not legalize prostitution. Some people, whom agree to legalize prostitution, come up with arguments that from their point of view will bring more goods than bad. First, they argue that legalizing prostitution will decrease the number of sexual harassment and rape. They believe that by the legalization of prostitution, it will reduce the number of unwanted sex since it is now woman’s choice to get in to the business of prostitution or not and it will not be called as rape if both parties are willing to have sex. Second, It will be better and safer for sex-workers if prostitution was legalized and regulated. This point argue that if prostitution was legalized then there will be less crimes against (un-legalized) prostitutes...
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...Prostitution should be legalised to protect the workers from violence and STDs such as HIV To the Home Secretary, I am writing to express the distress I feel about the current laws of prostitution and how legalising it would protect against STDs and violence. I have three main reasons as to why prostitution must be legalised. To begin your current laws banning prostitution are ineffective. Secondly legalising prostitution would be much safer for the prostitutes and thirdly legalisation can be part of a wider education in context to prostitution, which I will explain further later on. Before I consider the three reasons I want to heighten your awareness of the current abuse statistics and the current HIV statistics. a detailed study carried out in 2004 concluded that prostitutes do indeed have an increased chance of contracting STDs such a syphilis, hepatitis B and HIV. Over all 30,000 women a year worldwide die of HIV contracted through prostitution. These shocking figures surely warrant some consideration towards legalising prostitution. So why is prohibition ineffective? It may shock you to hear that the UK has increasing rates of prostitution and could be set to overtake the USA. Due to high unemployment these women (in a low paid, low skilled job) would earn around £5.93 an hour. The women who prostitute may not have any other source of income and desperately need the money for their families. We need to become comfortable with the fact that (worldwide) people...
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...Sex Sells Sex work is a broad topic, which encompasses careers such as stripping, erotic massage therapy, pornography, and prostitution. Prostitution is the oldest known profession. In the modern world, it is a source of controversy regarding the debate about the ethics of prostitution. The controversy is revealed through different realms that exhibit different opinions on the ethics of prostitution. Is prostitution ethical from governmental or religious standpoints? How does each approach deal with prostitutes? How do these approaches affect one another? In this paper I will explain both the political approaches of three American states, and religious approaches of Christians and Buddhists on their ethical opinions regarding prostitution. I will argue in defence of the utilitarian approach. The idea of selling sexual favors for money is cause for much debate globally. Separations in ethical ideas of prostitution can partially be attributed to different religious ethics. Two religions that have contrasting beliefs in many cases are Buddhism and Christianity, and this differentiation is clear regarding the topic of prostitution. Buddhist ethics are driven by the avoidance of harm to oneself and to others: Essentially, according to Buddhist teachings, the ethical and moral principles are governed by examining whether a certain action, whether connected to body or speech is likely to be harmful to one's self or to others and thereby avoiding any actions which are...
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...John-Alexander Reyes Deviant behavior 26Mar13 Paying for sex is nothing new. Prostitution has long been regarded the oldest profession. It existed before there was even money to trade. The actually act of using sex as a method to obtain resources, whether it was for food, shelter, trinkets or clothes a sexual favor for anything tangible is prostitution. It makes and interesting topic to debate when you regard that it was actually a survival mechanism for early women. The earliest recordings of prostitution were in ancient Mesopotamia. In 8th century BC there were rules written to protect the rights of prostitutes. This is a significant piece of information because it tells us several things about the working of their culture and how the actual women were treated. It first addresses the issue if it was legal or not. The inclusion into laws of the time can confirm that it was indeed legal and was actually looked as a respectable profession. The laws deal specifically with the inheritance rights of the woman who were prostitutes. The Sumerians actually required each woman in their society to sleep with at least one man in the temple of their god. This is just one of many instances of “Spiritual prostitution. This was done as a sign to show tribute to the god of hospitality. This was indeed very important to a nomadic people. Most of earliest references that most of us are familiar with come from the bible. This contains the earlier recorded history of the Jewish people....
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...Indecent Occupation (- SAY IT, The Vagina Monolouges- Eve Ensler,2008) Prostitution, pornography or sex work has been in history one of the most demeaned kinds of work. But today there is a drastic change in the way prostitution is viewed. There are demands from every corner about decriminalization of prostitution. In its draft statement ICPR (International Committee For Prostitute’s Rights) states, “Until recently, the women’s movement in most countries has not, or has only marginally, included prostitutes as spokeswoman or theorists. Historically, women’s movement (for example socialist and communist movements) has opposed the institution of prostitution, while claiming to support prostitute women. However, prostitutes reject support that requires them to leave prostitution, they object to being treated as symbols of oppression and demand recognition as workers. Due to feminist hesitation or refusal to accept prostitution as legitimate work and to accept prostitutes as working women, the majority of prostitutes have not been recognised as feminists. Nonetheless many prostitutes identify with feminist values such as independence, financial autonomy, sexual self-determination, personal strength and female bonding.’ In the new discourse demanding the legitimisation of prostitution the however, the institution and the individual is confused. It is one thing to defend the prostitute and a completely different thing...
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...Prostitution: A Problem of Equality, Dignity and Integrity There is much argument and debate in society about the issue of prostitution. Gunilla Ekberg, co-executive director of the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women states that “in order to successfully find solutions to the problem of prostitution, it is necessary to think about and discuss among ourselves what kind of society we wish to live in.” Before this discussion, however, we need to take a step back. The first question that needs to be addressed is whether we as a society see prostitution as a problem. Do we see prostitution as an inevitable, inescapable and necessary profession - a profession that has always existed as the ‘oldest profession in the world’? Or do we acknowledge that prostitution is a violation of internationally recognised human rights: equality, dignity and integrity? Is prostitution a problem? A problem for equality It is widely recognised that violence against women is antithetical to the establishment of gender equality, and that one of the most severe and devastating practices of gender-based violence is the commercial exploitation of women and girls, which includes prostitution. The United States Department of State determines that few activities are as brutal and damaging to people as prostitution. Field research in nine countries concluded that 60-75% of women in prostitution were raped, 70-95% were physically assaulted, and 68% met the criteria for post traumatic stress disorder, in the...
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...and public health and public safety substantially improved as a result, according to a new working paper from the National Bureau of Economic Research. The statewide incidence of gonorrhea among women declined by 39 percent, and the number of rapes reported to police in the state declined by 31 percent, according to the paper.The study by Baylor University's Scott Cunningham and Manisha Shah of the University of California, Los Angeles contributes to an impassioned, long-running debate about prostitution among advocates for women's rights. Their work appears to be the first quantitative evidence that removing criminal penalties for prostitutes can reduce violence against women and curtail sexually transmitted infections in society generally -- and dramatically so (When...Legalized...
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...World’s Oldest Profession Prostitution is the act of offering sexual services to another person in return for money. Prostitution is often referred to as the world’s oldest profession and has existed in the sex industry for centuries occurring all over the world. Since prostitution first began the debate has raged: should prostitution be legalized or not? To protect the safety of sex trade workers, the time has come to legalize prostitution. A major argument for legalizing prostitution is the questionable logic of criminalizing an activity that occurs routinely in our society. The services of a prostitute are used regularly by many people. According to Doctor Allan Schwartz, four main reasons that men visit prostitutes are a “compulsive need for sex, an insatiable need for sexual pleasure, a fear of intimacy or relationships, and misogyny” (Schwartz). These reasons for using the services of prostitutes have existed for a long period of time and the demand for paid sex will always exist. In many segments of society paying for sex is acceptable. History has proven that eliminating prostitution is not possible. Decriminalizing the sex trade will recognize prostitutions role in our society. Prostitution is generally an act between consenting adults and different categories include street, brothels, escorts and sex tourism. According to Sherry F. Colb of Rutgers Law School, prostitution is classified as a victimless crime. She states “What makes prostitution a victimless crime in...
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...one great problem, an ethical one. Also, the fact is that prostitution will exist no matter what because men will always degrade women, and women, in turn, can do the same to men, even though these moral aspects are not connected with the legalization process, mostly depending on moral qualities of the society members, and not on a position on prostitution. Thus, the essay will try to prove why prostitution should not be legal with the help of analysis of the articles of the well-known scientists. While feminist theory represents prostitution as a working activity that lets women use their “agency” or “free choice”, calling them “migrant workers”, even despite the fact that a bigger part of those women are working to pay debts, or under duress, it serves to normalize prostitution concept and its rapid growth. Nevertheless, most of the problems, such as violence against women, organized crime, trafficking, early sexualization, that become more pressing day after day are seen as a substantial part of sex industry functioning. The feminist theory pays less attention to violence against women than to work and economy question. Moreover, the idea of sexual work has already caused a significant controversy at feminist debates, just as the fact that most of “academic feminists” and activists seem to speak for prostitutes, representing their sex industry by themselves, as respective sexual workers. View on the issue of prostitution as a “work activity” has to be discussed from the point...
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...to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs ( www.unodc.org). Human trafficking has become a major problem worldwide which affects many people it is also a serious crime and a violation in human rights. An estimated 600-800 thousand people are moved unwillingly between international borders each year). There is an even larger number of 12.3 million people who are estimated to be forced to work in agriculture, manufacturing, and the sex trade. A majority of the people forced into labor, especially into the sex trade, are children, most of which are women, at an estimated 1 million children per year. There is a large amount of violence and abuse involved in sex slavery, many times leading to death. Globalization seems to have played a major role in the rise of sex slavery and the sex trade but has also played major roles in efforts to stop it. There has been speculation that the way that human trafficking has been constructed over time is a major problem in the scheme of trafficking. Barbara Sullivan writes that as the debate over trafficking evolved “women were seen to have a 'vulnerable sexuality' that was readily exploited by men; trafficking...
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...WHY PROSTITUTION SHOULD NOT BE LEGALISED Introduction The issue of legalisation of prostitution remains a highly controversial and debatable one. A lot many times the questions put forth demand to know whether legalisation will really stop the harm to prostitutes or the so-called ‘morally-secure’ society. A stronger element of agnosticism emerges in the proposals for legalisation when it’s on ground effect depicts a consternating increment in the very same issue it seeks to check- human trafficking. Total legalisation makes prostitution, the epitome of human rights violation, as much of an occupation as any other, albeit it remains clearly distinctive from other low-status and abusive forms of employment by the vice of being the worst one. Legalisation indubitably renders the economically and socially decumbent and vulnerable position of prostitutes- bolstered. It is true that the struggle for economic survival pushes people to extreme measures where in their choice of work appears justifiably consensual. But a deeper understanding reveals that the women engaged in prostitution for economic survival are in it by ‘coerced choice’ instead of a real one. In most cases, the prostitute is poor and traumatized even before she enters such a profession. Prostitution is a deranging and extreme form of gender discrimination. It not just affirms, but backwashes male supremacy. A violation in its most characteristic forms, legalised prostitution is nothing but an infringement to the...
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...Kemoya Riley Maria Labbato LBST 2101-207 4/4/16 Prostitution Debate Paper Prostitution is the occupation or act of providing sexual services with someone in exchange for payment or some other benefit. Prostitution is known to be the world’s oldest form of occupation. It dates back to around 2400 B.C. The profession is recorded to produce about one hundred billion in revenues annually throughout the world. Prostitution is considered illegal in the United States, with exception of some places in Nevada. The criminalization of the trade is a controversial issue because it is said to be damaging to not only the individuals involved in the trade but also surrounding others. According to sources, prostitution cause the spread of diseases, moral shame, and human trafficking. The amount of effort and money put into destroying prostitution hardly shows good results. Although it brings much complaint and conflict, legalizing prostitution would help limit problems for the sex workers, improve the economy and help weaken the spread of diseases. There are many reasons argued about why prostitution should be illegal. One of the most argued reasons about why prostitution should be illegal is because its morally wrong. Morals is a person’s standards of behavior or beliefs concerning what is and is not acceptable for them to do(google.com). Morals are based off of a piece of information or an experience and differs from person to person. Morality is subjective and what is considered morally...
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...ID: 5681093 EC2 Section 15 Instructor: Nicholas Ferriman Argumentation Paper Thailand: from the outside Thai Sex Tourism: Are the Prostitutes to be blamed? “Unseen Paradise”, the promotion slogan entitled by the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) in 2004, intended to promote the resorts that are not spoiled by tourism. Entering to its website, finds the picture of Thai women -- whose back is smeared with mud -- looking over her shoulders at the painting of the topless Thai dancers (Johnson, 2007). This is where the heated debate arises, the caption beneath it says: “Heaven is now possible and right here within your grasp”. Because of the displaying picture that was supposed to be promoting Thai tourism, is rather seen as a provocative image. Foreign travellers view and perceive it as a selling of the commercialized sex, and see Thailand as the sex-offer country. The picture even increases the international reputation of Thailand as a “Brothel of the world”. A number of international tourists -- especially male -- visiting Thailand as they are , apart from other reasons, motivated by sexual services that are available at their hand in bargained-price (Hall, 1996). Normally, sex workers are the most focused medium in this industry. Many people condemn and marginalise them. They also claim that prostitutes are solely responsible for the worldwide fame -- or rather shame -- for the sex industry establishment of Thailand. However, the opposition asserts that, for the sex...
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