...Assignment 02: Psychometric properties of psychological assessment measures LIST OF CONTENT PAGES 1. INTRODUCTION 3 2. STEPS IN DEVELOPING A PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASURE 3 1. Planning phase 3 1. The aim of the measure 3 2. Defining the content of measure 4 3. The test plan 4 2. Item writing 5 1. Writing the items 5 2. Reviewing the items 5 3. Assembling and pre-testing the experimental version of the measure 6 1. Arranging the items 6 2. Finalizing the length 6 3. Answer protocols 6 4. Developing administration instructions 6 5. Pre-testing the experimental version of the measure 6 4. Item analysis phase 7 1. Item difficulty (p) 7 2. Discrimination power 7 3. Preliminary investigation into item bias 8 5. Revising and standardizing the final version of the measure 8 6. Technical evaluation and establishing norms 8 1. Issues related to the reliability of a psychological measure 8 1. Definition 8 2. Measurement error 8 3. The reliability coefficient 9 4. Standard error of measurement 9 ...
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...long-term course of depression. Current research of depression in adolescents have introduced various assessment tools in diagnosing the disorder in children and adolescents. However, determining the most appropriate measure of depression involves several considerations rather than merely selecting one as a test that lacks compatibility in its reliability and validity may result to a false positive or false negative diagnosis (Reynolds & Mazza, 1998). This paper aims to draw on three self-report assessments for depression in adolescents, naming the Child Depression Inventory (CDI), Beck’s Depression Inventory 2nd Edition (BDI-II) and Reynold’s Adolescents Depression Scale (RADS) in reviewing, comparing and contrasting their psychometric properties. Conclusion on the most appropriate assessment for depression in adolescents will be drawn. Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) CDI was originally adapted from Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) by altering its format and language, to measure severity of depression in children age 7 and older (Brooks & Kutcher, 2001). CDI consists of 27 items overlooking cognitive, affective and behavioural signs of depression with each item presenting three alternative statements. Children read the items themselves or could have it read out to them. The test takes an estimate of 10-20 minutes to be completed. Reliability The CDI has been shown to have high internal consistency, with alpha coefficients slightly...
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...Development and Psychometric Evaluation Ava-Gaye Shaw Reed Northeastern Hospital School Of Nursing Introduction The adherence with taking medications was found to be at a rate much lower than where the researchers had initially believed. Adherence with taking medications by patients with chronic illnesses was found to be even worse due to the lack of patient-centered, medication-specific and theoretically integrative measurement instruments. The researchers decided to work towards developing a tool that would not only be reliable but also a valid instrument that would measure the various factors that have an effect on the patients and the compliance with taking their medication. This study focused specifically on patients with coronary artery disease. This instrument was developed in two phases. Phase 1 consisted of developing the structure and content of the tool. This was defined by analyzing literature pertaining to medication adherence and interviews with patients. Phase 2 consisted of establishing the psychometric properties of the tool. Exploratory factor analyses, reliability and validity estimations were performed with a sample size of 404 patients from 3 tertiary cardiology referral centers. This phase resulted in a 16-item, three factor solution; Medication Planning Strategies, Health Risk and Health Protection. This helped to create an adherence instrument for patients on pharmacotherapy for coronary artery disease and initial psychometric properties to be established...
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...Talent Acquisition & Retention Asignment-2 Psychometric tools Used in 1. Psychometric Tests: Psychometric testing is a commonly used assessment tool. It is often used for professional and managerial roles and can be administered using paper and pencil, and online. Timing, instructions, content, scoring and interpretation are all standardised. Psychometrics can provide a range of information about an individual from how effectively they process numerical information to how they are likely to behave when put in a challenging situation. Psychometric assessment looks at a candidate’s: * Aptitude – problem solving skills; dexterity; verbal and numerical ability; abstract and mechanical reasoning * Personality traits / work style – assertiveness, reaction under pressure, communication skills * Motivation – energy, drive and job satisfaction factors * Long-term potential How can employers use psychometric tests effectively? Employers must pay attention to all the stages of test use in order to get the most from psychometrics. This begins with decisions about whether or not to use a psychometric test, how they actually select the right one and, finally, how they go about...
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...Psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the original and the short form of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) ágostoN gyollai1, péter simor2, fereNc Köteles3 1 2 aNd zsolt demetrovics1 Institutional Group on Addiction Research, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary Department of Cognitive Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary 3 Institute for Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Budapest, Hungary Aim: Psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the original and the short form of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were investigated in the present study. Methods: Participants were undergraduate university students (N=1163) and patients visiting their General Practitioners (GPs) for various somatic complaints (N=466). Results: According to the confirmatory factor analysis, both versions showed adequate fit to the theoretical one-and-one (positive and negative affect) factor model. Internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach-alpha values) were above .8 for the original positive and negative scales, .73 and .79 for the short positive scale, and .65 and .67 for the short negative scale in the student and the patient groups, respectively. The correlations between the original 10-item subscales and their 5-item counterparts were above .9 in both groups. Conclusion: The short PANAS scale represents...
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...Population Used to Develop Measure 5 What Are The Symptoms Of An Anxiety Attack? 5 The Beck Anxiety Inventory of the 21 most common symptoms: 5 Scoring: 6 Interpretation of score 6 Psychometric Properties: 7 Reliability: 7 Validity 7 Advantages: 8 Disadvantages: 9 Suggested Uses: 9 Beck Anxiety Inventory used in Pakistani Settings 10 2. Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS) 11 Rating: 11 Purpose 11 Use in the field 12 Scale 12 Scoring 12 Criteria for interpretation 12 Versions 12 Psychometric Properties 13 Applied in different researches 14 3. Hamilton Depression Scale 15 Description/Purpose 15 Use in the field 15 Scale 16 Criteria for interpretation 16 Psychometric properties 16 Applied in different researches 18 Correlations among Depression Rating Scales and A Self-Rating Anxiety Scale In Depressive Outpatients 18 Limitations 19 4. Adaptive Behavior Assessment System Second Edition 19 Rationale: 20 What’s New in ABAS–II 20 ABAS–II Rating Forms 21 Scores Reported 22 Sample Items: 22 Psychometric Properties: 23 Standardization 23 Validity 25 Advantages of Using ABAS–II 25 Adaptive behaviour assessment system in Pakistan: 26 5. Symptom Assessment-45 26 Purpose: 26 Description: 26 SA-45 Scales: 27 Psychometric properties: 28 Reliability and Validity: 28 Norms: 29 Research in Pakistani context: 30 Diagnostic Testing Diagnosis is the identification of the nature and cause of anything. Diagnostic...
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... Tabatha Johnson Measurement and Statistics/525 February 18, 2013 Dr. Christie Seiler, Psy.D. PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT 2 Abstract It has been proven that the Stanford Binet test has helped diagnosed developmental disabilities and is very useful in clinical and neurological assessment on identifying intellectually deficient children. This paper will describe the characteristics, uses, and purposes of identifying intellectually deficient children. Analyzing the personality relationships of Cognitive Thinking with intellectually deficient children. Summarizing and differentiate diagnostically the targeted population of the intellectually deficient children. Identifying the psychometric properties of the Stanford Binet test for the particular population of the intellectually deficient children. Finally concluding with two review literatures, The Family Education Rights & Privacy Act and APA guidelines for development, administration and scoring and interpretation of tests for ethical consideration associated with the Stanford-Binet testing. PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT 3 Stanford-Binet Personality Assessment Test The Stanford-Binet Personality Assessment Test was developed in France to initiate the modern field in intelligence testing. This test was revised in the United States by a French psychologist named Alfred Binet. He had been commissioned by the French government...
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...DAS form A (DAS-A) yielded mixed results. The current study was set up to compare the fit of various factor models. We used a large community sample (N = 8,960) to test the previously proposed factor models of the DAS-A using confirmatory factor analysis. The retained model of the DAS-A was subjected to reliability and validity analyses. All models showed good fit to the data. Finally, a two-factor solution of the DAS-A was retained, consisting of 17 items. The factors demonstrated good reliability and convergent construct validity. Significant associations were found with depression. Norm-scores were presented. We advocate the use of a 17-item DAS-A, which proved to be useful in measuring dysfunctional beliefs. On the basis of previous psychometric studies, our study provides solid evidence for a two-factor model of the DAS-A, consisting of ‘dependency’ and ‘perfectionism/performance evaluation’. Introduction. According to Beck’s view of depression (Beck 1972; Beck et al. 1979), individuals vulnerable to depression have maladaptive schemas, which remain dormant until triggered by stressful life events. Dysfunctional beliefs reflect the content of these relatively stable schemas. In the past, many studies were unsuccessful in demonstrating this cognitive vulnerability; dysfunctional beliefs seemed to covary with depressive symptoms, suggesting state dependency rather than vulnerability (for an overview of studies See Ingram et al. 1998). Building on Beck’s cognitive model, Teasdale...
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...DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY IPS 704 – 2012 PSYCHOMETRICS – ASSIGNMENT 1 LECTURER: Mr R Oliver DUE DATE: 26 April 2012 STUDENT 1: Jodine Hoffmann : 2038038 STUDENT 2: Nonstikeleo Mokoena : 3158789 STUDENT 3: Shafeeqah Jacobs : 2561402 STUDENT 4: Simone` Juganath : 3158797 PLAGARISM DECLARATIONI hereby declare that: | YES | NO | a. | I have perused and understood the relevant sections relating to plagiarism, citation and referencing; | √ | | b. | I know that plagiarism is wrong; | √ | | c. | I did not attempt to present the ideas of another as if they were my own; | √ | | d. | I did not attempt to represent the words or work of another as if they were my own; | √ | | e. | I did not utilize the ideas, words or work of another without acknowledgement; | √ | | f. | I did not use the printed text, electronic text, images, computer programme, sound, performance or creative works of another without proper acknowledgement; | √ | | g. | Where I engaged with group of student to create a particular piece of work, the work correctly reflected the contribution made (where a single piece of work is collected generated, all of the group carries the responsibility for that piece of work); | √ | | h. | I have not allowed, and will not allow, anyone to copy my work with the intention of passing it off as his or her own work. | √ | | i. | I have not copied another person’s assignment, essay or take-home test or any part thereof...
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...Measuring Aids stigmas in people living with HIV/AIDS: the Internalized Aids-Related Stigma Scale. 1. Write a brief description and summary of your article. The objective is to measure the psychometric properties of instruments to measure Internalized Aids-Related Stigmas. This article talks about the psychometric measurement of people living with Internalized Aids Related Stigmas (IARS) and the effect that IARS has on communities and individuals. It reviews the notion that stigma is the real driver of poor uptake of testing and treatment services. 2. What type of research method was used to collect data for this study? Data was collected through 3 cities/countries. Men and woman diverse in ages, race and culture were recruited from medical centers in these cities/countries. Questions on the surveys covered age, race employment, marital status, hospitalization and the year and month they were tested positive. Items were selected from the IARS scale (Kalichman 2005) and reframed and reworded to show negative self-perceptions in being a person living with HIV/Aids. The question were answered with 1 = agree and 0 = disagree. The higher scores representing Internalized Stigma. 3. Why do you think the researchers chose this method for this study? The article focuses on the methodology of measuring IARS scale. The objective of these structures is to create and validate the items to measure IARS. The method has been used before and has proven to be consistent...
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...Describe the relevance of psychometric properties in psychological testing. Psychometric properties assist a therapist in measuring the mental factors or skills that a client possesses in order to complete certain mental tasks. These factors may influence the ways in which the clients react or the ways in which they perform in certain situations. These types of tests are extremely important to the testing process because they allow the researcher to determine how to provide the treatment and interventions that are best suited to their clients needs. In order to develop an appropriate treatment plan and appropriate interventions the effective school counsleor will need to measure the students ' strengths and weaknesses, assess behaviors and attitudes to certain factors as well as take into account the students personal traits, environment and hereditary factors. Psychometric properties call for the measuring and assessment of all of these factors. Reliability and Validity are essential to assessing a client's behavior in the field of counseling. Internal consistent reliablity is an estimating reliabilty method which measures the consistency of results across the spectrum of items within a test. In essence, this method divides the testing instrument and correlates the scores to determine whether the scores are consistent, or whether there is lack or error within the instrument (Whiston, 2013). Internal consistency measures how closely related the items on a test measure...
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...EMPLOYMENT TEST ASSIGNMENT PAPI-N Laura Reyes Rodríguez Sheridan College Institute of Technology And Advanced Learning November 21st, 2013 EMPLOYEMENT TEST ASSIGNMENT PAPI-N 1. A description of the test. The Personality and Preferences Inventory-Normative (PAPI-N) is a personality questionnaire designed to assess needs and behavior patterns relevant to the workplace. (Sanz et al., 2006) The PAPI-N was originally designed by Dr Max Kostick in the 1960’s, based on Murray’s need-press theory of psychogenic needs, which is one of the most influential theories in personality psychology (The British Psychological Society, 2006). According to Murray, our personalities are a reflection of behaviours controlled by needs. Some of those needs are temporary and change constantly, while other needs are deeply founded in our nature. Murray suggested that these psychogenic needs function on the unconscious level, but play a major role in our personality. (About.com, 2013). Dr. Kostick original idea was to create a tool that could be used by non-psychologist, and because of that he avoided the use of clinical terminology in the interpretation. PAPI was originally conceived as an ipsative test for use as a counselling and discussion tool. After several revisions, PAPI has extended its application and now there are two versions of the PAPI, the PAPI-I, which is an ipsative version, and the PAPI-N, which is a normative version. This is the suitable one for a...
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...Psychological Assessment PYC 4807 Assignment 1 Unique number: 553283 IRMA VISAGIE Student number: 42056829 Open Rubric 2 Table of Content Pages 1. Introduction p4 Section A 2. Steps in developing a measure p4 2.1 The planning phase p4 2.1.1 Specify the aim of the measure 2.1.2 Define the content of the measure 2.1.3 Develop the test plan 2.2 Item writing p7 2.2.1 Write the items 2.2.2 Review the items 2.3 Assemble and pre-test the experimental version of the measure p8 2.3.1 Arrange the items 2.3.2 Finalise the length 2.3.3 Answer protocols 2.3.4 Develop administration instruction 2.3.5 Pre-test the experimental version of the measure 2.4 The item-analysis phase p9 2.4.1 Classical test-theory item analysis: Determine item difficulty (p) 2.4.2 Classical test-theory item analysis: Determine discriminating power 2.4.3 Item response theory (IRT) 2.4.4 Identify items for final pool 2.5 Revise and standardise the final version of the measure p 11 2.5.1 Revise the items and test 2.5.2 Select items for the final version 2.5.3 Refine administration instructions and scoring procedures 2.5.4 Administer the final version 2.6 Technical evaluation and establishing norms 2.6.1 Establish validity and reliability 2.6.1.1 Reliability 2.6.1.2 Validity 2.6.2 Establish norms, set performance standards or cut-scores p 11 3 2.7 Publish and refine continuously p 15 2.7.1 Compile the test manual 2.7.2 Submit the measure for classification 2.7.3 Publish and market the measure...
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...Hamilton Depression Rating Scale Depression is a prevalent psychiatric illness, afflicting approximately 16% of all Americans (Simon, 2003). Environmental and biological factors play a major role in an individual’s likelihood to develop depression. The exact causes of depression are unknown, but certain common triggers are attributed to the onset of symptoms, such as stress or chemical imbalance. Although some forms of depression are inherited, individuals without a prior family history of depression can also experience it. Throughout one’s lifespan different risk factors, such as life changing events or traumatic experiences, can lead to episodic depression, which is normal in most cases. Others may experience chronic severe depression with extreme, debilitating symptoms, which are at higher risk of suicide. During the early development of psychology, depression was not initially viewed as a psychological disorder. Due to the evolution of psychology as a science, psychologists have a more profound understanding of how one’s biological and environmental factors affect one’s moods, behaviors, and overall health. Today, depression is a commonly diagnosed and treated psychological disorder. Professionals have developed various psychological tests and measurements to effectively diagnose and treat depression. One commonly used tool to measure depression is the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale or HDRS. Summarize selected articles The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was created...
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...VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY For the statistical consultant working with social science researchers the estimation of reliability and validity is a task frequently encountered. Measurement issues differ in the social sciences in that they are related to the quantification of abstract, intangible and unobservable constructs. In many instances, then, the meaning of quantities is only inferred. Let us begin by a general description of the paradigm that we are dealing with. Most concepts in the behavioral sciences have meaning within the context of the theory that they are a part of. Each concept, thus, has an operational definition which is governed by the overarching theory. If a concept is involved in the testing of hypothesis to support the theory it has to be measured. So the first decision that the research is faced with is “how shall the concept be measured?” That is the type of measure. At a very broad level the type of measure can be observational, self-report, interview, etc. These types ultimately take shape of a more specific form like observation of ongoing activity, observing video-taped events, self-report measures like questionnaires that can be open-ended or close-ended, Likert-type scales, interviews that are structured, semi-structured or unstructured and open-ended or close-ended. Needless to say, each type of measure has specific types of issues that need to be addressed to make the measurement meaningful, accurate, and efficient. Another...
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