...Emerging Crisis: A Lecture about the Psychosocial Perspective of Personality I. Introduction Coon and Mitterer (2013) stated from their book that every life is marked by a number of developmental milestones. Those milestones are notable events, markers, or turning points that affect the development of a certain individual. Some examples of these include graduating from school, reaching your dreams, getting married, getting a job, becoming a parent, retirement, and one’s own death. One of the important things that a person needs to develop is his personality. According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, personality is the set of qualities and behaviors that makes a person different from other people. From the definition, lots of questions arise. Some examples are “What makes them different from the other?”, “Why are they behaving like that?”, and “Who am I?” In order to answer those questions, Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development will help to understand the complexity of human personality. Erikson’s ‘psychosocial’ term is derived from two words – ‘psychological’ means mind and ‘social’ means external relationships (Chapman, 2013). According to Ramkumar (2002), Erik Erikson did most of his works during the 1930s to the 1950s as a psychologist. He was fascinated in child analysis. He was the student of Sigmund Freud and he was inspired by his works. From the article of Chapman (2013), Erikson’s psychosocial theory was drawn and was extended from the ideas of...
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...If we use Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development we can see where Pat early physical delay impacted her socioemotional progress, which have unable her to form proper attachment to people in her life. Through the first stage of development, infancy (to 1 year), Pat didn’t obtain the consistent, predictable and reliable support from her parents. “Infants avoid attachment or show insecure attachment, marked either by anxiety or avoidance of trusting relationship,” (Myers, D. G., 2014 p. 140). Therefore, Pat developed a sense of mistrust of the adults in her life. By the second stage, toddlerhood (1to 3 years), Pat wasn’t able to develop physically, since she had a difficulties with the mobility of her legs. She would be unable to assert...
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...Psychosocial Development Through the Play Years Portland Community College Table of Contents Introduction 3 Stages of Psychosocial Development 3 The First Two Years 3 The Play Years 4 Psychosocial Developmental Challenges 6 Possible Causes: Maltreatment 6 Possible Causes: Family Structure 7 Possible Causes: Environmental Adversity 8 Influencers of Child Psychosocial Development 9 Teachers 9 Gender Roles 10 Child’s Play 11 Conclusion 11 References 13 Introduction Psychosocial development looks at the emotional and social development processes. There are many theories when it comes to how psychosocial development occurs, including the two most well-known theories by Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson. For the purpose of this paper I will be focusing on Erikson’s psychoanalytic theory of development for children through the play years, or age six. In addition to theories of development I will take a look into developmental challenges and the factors that affect development and the possible effects they may have. I will do this by taking a look at applicable case studies presenting their findings. The possible causes of developmental challenges that I will focus on are maltreatment, family structure and environmental adversity. I will also look into the influencers of psychosocial development on children and the impact they have on a child’s psychosocial development...
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...There are various stages to experience in life that leads to success. According to Erik Erikson these stages are infancy, early childhood, middle childhood and adolescence. Throughout the course we have been introduced to a number of psychologists that have developed their own theory of how people develop into successful or unsuccessful adults. This expository paper will cover the theory of Erikson's psychosocial stages during development, the influences that culture has and the cognitive, social and physical changes a teenager will experience. But does Erikson's theory on adolescence development truly hold a solid structure for a child's success? Adolescence is the age stage of 11-18, the period of life between childhood and adulthood where...
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...Introduction NOT FINISHED!! Erik Erikson theorized a psychosocial development model (Kirst-Ashman, Zastrow, 336). There are eight stages in all for this development theory; however, I am only in the sixth stage currently. Social workers can apply knowledge of these stages to assess their clients to find out what can best help the client. While I was assessing myself, I found that throughout most of the stages, had no difficulty resolving them on time. The stage that I took longest to resolve is the fourth, industry vs. inferiority. Trust vs. Mistrust (Age 0-18 months) NOT FINISHED!! Trust versus Mistrust is the first stage in Erikson, this stage deals with infants from birth to 18 months. The trust versus mistrust stage deals with the relationship between a child and their caregiver. If a child feels secure with their parent then they are able to resolve this crisis. The way for a child to feel secure means they need certain needs met; such as being fed, having their...
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...Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development has eight stages. In the paper three of his life stages will be reviewed. Those stages are Trust vs. Mistrust, Industry vs. Inferiority and Integrity vs. Despair. This paper will also discuss personal or observed experiences within those stages, as well as an opinion if Eric Erikson’s description has accurate or not. A small discussion will be included as to how any of these experiences may have affected spiritual development along the way. Trust vs. Mistrust The first stage, commonly referred to as infancy, in Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development is Trust vs. Mistrust. During this stage of life, infants are unsure of the world in which they live in. They must learn to trust their...
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...Cherry Kendra contends that “Erikson's eight-stage theory of psychosocial development describes growth and change throughout the lifespan, focusing on social interaction and conflicts that arise during different stages of development”. Addressing stages 4, 5, and 6 with relation to classroom management and discipline strategies and techniques that will help to positively address the issues children encounter during the middle childhood and early adolescences years will help educators provide positive experiences that will assure positive development for children. In Erikson’s view, these conflicts are centered on either developing a psychological quality or failure to develop that quality, thereby creating a potential for personal growth that is high or the possibility for failure. Cherry Kendra indicates that “Erikson held that each stage of development involves the skill of overcoming of a conflict. Accomplishment or failure in dealing with conflicts can impact overall functioning”. She further states that, “Erikson believed that development of personality is accomplished within a series of stages” and that “within each stage, people experience a conflict that will serve as a turning point in development”. Kendra further contends that “each stage in Erikson’s theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life and if the stage is handled well, the person will feel a sense of mastery, which he sometimes referred to as ego strength or ego quality”. Accordingly, if...
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...1. Describe the three stages of psychosocial development and provide examples of how to support each one. Trust; The infant is dependent on the parents for sustenance and comfort and an example of how to support it is by meeting the needs of the child by providing reliability, care, and affection. Autonomy; the child develops the sense of personal control of his physical skills and a sense of independence. We can support those needs by allowing the child to explore his limits and abilities and encouraging him. Initiative; the child develops a sense of initiative and feels secure his ability make decisions and lead. We can support this by encouraging his efforts and give them opportunities to explore their personal skills through initiating...
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...Erikson states several ideas that apply to the scenario we are looking at. Within his key concepts, he creates stages of development that can be applied. We are not really told what Drew’s disability is, only that he has been home schooled with county supervision all of his life, and under his mother care and direction. Drew is entering adolescence at the same time his parents are entering their own stage of life crisis. Drew’s social needs are changing from Child hood to puberty and adolescence and social needs are changing. Ericson would also apply his idea of significant relationships to draws crisis. The fact that he is developmentally disabled has little influence on his changing social needs. His only sphere of influence has been...
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...The Case Study of Princess Diana Sherri Stratton Colorado Technical University Online PSYC101-1304B-09 Abstract This paper will cover Princess Diana’s upbringing, childhood experience as well as her accomplishments and philosophy. It is apparently clear that she had a Humanistic perspective throughout her whole life. The Case Study of Princess Diana Biographical Sketch A biographical sketch is tells the story of a person’s character, life, and achievements. It is shorter and much more specific. It will provide you with information about the person, and give you a sense of their character. It can be written to give you more information about a historical figure. I choose Princess Diana because she was a very strong female. She is a very strong role model and has done a lot of humanitarian work. Upbringing. Born on July 1, 1961 as Diana Spencer. Her parents were Edward John Spencer, Viscount Althorp, and Frances Ruth Burke Roche, Viscountess Althorp(known as Honorable Frances Shand Kydd). In 1975 she became Lady Diana Spencer after her father inherited the title Earl Spencer. When she was young her parents divorced and her father ended up with custody of her and her siblings. She first went to school at Riddlesworth Hall and then to boarding school at West Heath School. She attended finishing school at Institut Alpin Videmanette in Switzerland. She then moved to London(The Biography Channel 2013). Work. Her true calling was working with kindergarten children...
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...Erik Erikson: Psychosocial Development Theory MGMT. 8010 – Management in Human and Societal Development Winter Quarter, 2011 Dr. Kenneth C. Sherman, Professor Everett Cordy, everett.cordy@waldenu.edu Student ID Number: A00186883 Walden University December 9, 2011 Abstract In this exercise, I explore the Psychosocial Development Theory of Erik Erikson. An explanation is given as to why this particular theory was selected for focus, and why Erickson appeals to me, both personally and professionally. Lastly, five (5) scholarly resources (in APA format), that I will consult as I begin to explore Erickson, are appended. Erik Erikson: Psychosocial Development Theory I chose Erik Erikson as the theorist to study. I chose Erik Erikson because his psychosocial development theory is applicable to a wide-range of management situations where understanding how personality and behavior are developed and manifested is valued. I am interested to find out if Erikson’s development model can be applied in my research fields of interests of Employment Law and Conflict Resolution Management. Please find attached hereto a list of five (5) scholarly sources that I will consult as I begin to explore Erik Erikson. References Cornett, C. (2000). Ideas and identities: The life and work of Erik Erikson/Identities architect: A biography of Erik H. Erikson, Clinical...
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...Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. Much like Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. Unlike Freud’s theory of psychosexual stages, Erikson’s theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan. One of the main elements of Erikson’s psychosocial stage theory is the development of ego identity. Ego identity is the conscious sense of self that we develop through social interaction. Erikson believed people experience a conflict that serves as a turning point in development. In Erikson’s view, these conflicts are centered on either developing a psychological quality or failing to develop that quality. During these times, the potential for personal growth is high, but so is the potential for failure. The first stage of Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development (Trust vs. Mistrust) occurs between birth and one year of age and is the most fundamental stage in life. Because an infant is utterly dependent, the development of trust is based on the dependability and quality of the child’s caregivers. If a child successfully develops trust, he or she will feel safe and secure in the world. Caregivers who are inconsistent, emotionally unavailable, or rejecting contribute to feelings of mistrust in the children they care for. Failure to develop trust will result in fear and a belief that the world is inconsistent and unpredictable. The second stage...
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...Theories of Development Amanda M. Glover Walden University There are dozens of developmental theories. There are theories that believe developmental a child learn behavior and other theories believe children are subjects of their environment. There is an age-old debate, dating back to the earliest Greek philosophers, of whether knowledge is innate-that is we are born with it-or whether it is learned through experience (Cohen, 2011). There is no proven scientific way to determine if nature or nurture controls a child’s behavior and how they develop. The developmental theories that I lean toward the most are as a Piaget’s cognitive stages of development, Freud’s psychosexual development, and Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development. Piaget’s cognitive stages of development suggest that at each stage of a person’s life they learn a new skill and as they process in age their skills progress. He has identified four major stages; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Sensorimotor occurs from birth to 2, at this stage the child is learning to use his or her hands, feet, and eyes. He or she learns to walk and crawl or use the bathroom. The next stage is preoperational occurs from 2-7, at this stage a child “engages in symbolic thought, but dominated by perception” (Perdue University , 2009). The third stage is concrete operational this occurs from ages 7 to 11. At this stage a child’s thoughts are more rational and logical. Children become...
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...Developmental Stage Analysis The two clients that I have selected for my analysis are two year old Ben who is beginning the toilet training process. And my second client Jake who is forty- five years old and is feeling unappreciated, Jake has recently purchased a corvette after driving a truck for the last twenty years. Ben is going through the Preoperational stage. During this time, children start using language to explore and understand their worlds (rather than relying primarily on sensory and motor activities). In this stage, children ask questions and use symbolic thinking. They may, for example, use words and images to refer to concepts. This is a time for pretending and magical thinking. Children in this phase are somewhat limited by their egocentrism. They can only imagine the world around them from their own perspective. Ben is going through that “the world stops when I say so” phase right now. He expects everyone around him to stop and listen to what he is saying. If he gets the attention he desires, all is well; if not, a screaming fit may ensue. According to Piaget (1936/1952), children in this stage have not yet mastered operations (hence, it is called the preoperational stage), which are the logical reasoning processes that older children and adults use to understand the world. . Licht,D (2014) For example, these children have a difficult time understanding the reversibility of some actions or events. They may have trouble comprehending that ...
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...Development Theories Sara Nackowicz Psy : 104 Child and Adolescent Development Karen Williams 9/17/12 Page One Development Theories In this paper I will talk about three of the development theories which are personality structure, psychosexual development and psychosocial development. All three of these developments are very important in a child’s life and helps them become who they are and I will explain how and why in this paper. According to Sigmund Freud in our text, there are three essential components: the id, the ego, and the superego. The id stage is more of a selfish state where everything is about you and only you. For an example when you are an infant everything is about you and only you. According to Simply Psychology, “The id consists of all the inherited (i.e. biological) components of personality, including the sex (life) instinct – Eros (which contains the libido), and aggressive (death) instinct – Thanatos.” In an infant, their personality is nothing but Id and then when they become older is when the other two stages fall into place. You cry for a reason and most of the time it is either because you are hungry, dirty, sleepy or even just need to be comforted. So there for you cry because you want your caregiver to feed you, clean you, or even snuggle with you so you can fall asleep. The ego state comes around the age of two or three when as Freud states, “the job of the ego to satisfy the demands of the id and to have realistic...
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