...Private public partnership: DBO: Design-Build-Operate A single contract is awarded for the design, construction, and operation of a capital improvement. Title to the facility remains with the public sector unless the project is a design/build/operate/ transfer or design/build/own/operate project. The DBO method of contracting is contrary to the separated and sequential approach ordinarily used in the United States by both the public and private sectors. This method involves one contract for design with an architect or engineer, followed by a different contract with a builder for project construction, followed by the owner’s taking over the project and operating it. LDO or BDO: Lease-Develop-Operate or Build-Develop-Operate Under these partnerships arrangements, the private party leases or buys an existing facility from a public agency; invests its own capital to renovate, modernize, and/or expand the facility; and then operates it under a contract with the public agency. A number of different types of municipal transit facilities have been leased and developed under LDO and BDO arrangements. Lease/Purchase A lease/purchase is an installment-purchase contract. Under this model, the private sector finances and builds a new facility, which it then leases to a public agency. The public agency makes scheduled lease payments to the private party. The public agency accrues equity in the facility with each payment. At the end of the lease term, the public agency owns the facility or...
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...Privatization on Service Sector Preface We know that the countries which are developed today are getting very strong in service sector day by day. Without having a very significant service sector it is impossible to retain the development of the economy of a country. Service sector is the accelerator of an economy. And Bangladesh is one of the least developed countries of the world with a huge number of different problems but most importantly with an emerging service sector. Really this is a great tonic for this underdeveloped country on the way of development. So to utilize this potential setting up of a lot of service organization is needed. But the service organization should not be public rather private. Because we all know about the poor service quality and negative profit of the public service organizations of Bangladesh. So the privatization of service sector is one of our desired initiatives. It is one of the leading aspects with a very bright potential to boost-up the economy of this third-world poor country. Prepared by: Md. Abdul Hai – 07882860 Essence of Privatization Despite a significant degree of public ownership in health, education, communication, utilities and energy sectors in the pre-independence period, Bangladesh inherited basically a private sector dominated economy at the time of independence in 1971. A set of three inter-related reasons are put forward as rationale for privatization in Bangladesh. These are: • Improvement of the governments’ fiscal...
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...Comparing and Contrasting Management in the Public and Private Sectors in Nigeria Introduction The term ‘management’ is very ambiguous; it is difficult to give a statement that describes the exact meaning of the word. The goal of this paper is to compare and contrast management in the public and private sectors in Nigeria. Instead of discussing only the differences between public and private organizations, this paper discusses the differences in managerial roles in both sectors. We begin by looking at some assorted opinions, after which we discuss the general description of the public and private sectors and the state of these sectors in Nigeria today. We will then discuss similarities between public and private management in Nigeria and three possible arguments that can be used to support the differences between public sector and private sector management. This paper explains the difference in the mangers’ job context; purposes and goals, accountability and autonomy. Finally, we will give a brief summary of the paper in the conclusion. Some Opinions Since the 1800’s, different scholars have given different interpretations of management from their points of view. Mary Parker Follett, an American social worker and management consultant gave a popular definition. She says, “management is the art of getting things done through people” (Tripathi, 2008). George R. Terry, the 16th President of the Academy of Management gave a somewhat more elaborate definition. He defined...
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...Economy, Efficiency and Effectiveness Name Institutional Affiliation Government agencies are commissions appointed and granted powers and authority to oversee specific functions such as Bureau of economic analysis. Bureau of economic analysis provides economic statistics and its main function is to give a clear understanding of the economic status of the US by giving an accurate and relevant data. Cochran, J. (2013). A state agency may be of either national or state government. Performance measurement is basically managing production rate and its primary purpose is to reduce or get rid of total variation in the production process. The main purpose of measuring performance, is to help get to a better decisions. Performances generally tell us important aspects about products, services, and the processes of how they are produced. They are a helpful tool to understanding, manage, and improve what organizations do. Performance can also be measured in order to recognize the sum total of quality management. Jacob, I. (2011). Persons charged with the management of an organization have to implement change in the organization. Before implementing change in an organization, the manager has to know how and when to introduce the change, he or she has to freeze and unfreeze the change process in order to avoid resistance from the workers. The management team has to have appropriate information and knowledge to measure the performance of the institution. Currently there is no known standard...
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...Transition The First Ten Years Analysis and Lessons for Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union Transition The First Ten Years Analysis and Lessons for Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union THE WORLD BANK Washington, D.C. © 2002 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 All rights reserved. 1 2 3 4 5 05 04 03 02 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank cannot guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply on the part of the World Bank any judgment of the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is copyrighted. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or inclusion in any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the World Bank. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc, 222 Rosewood...
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...economics, public policy and environmental studies. If the title alone doesn’t draw you in, then maybe the following question will: Could society’s age old demand for increased productivity and efficiency lead to “The End of Work” as we know it? As the saying goes, be careful what you wish for. In this eye-opening book, Jeremy Rifkin argues that improvements such as automation, computerization and re-engineering mean that more goods and services can be produced with less human labor. If less people are working then who will buy all these new products that hit the market at an accelerated rate? The author's organization webpage (www.foet.org), retrieved on March 3rd, 2011 provides a brief biographical sketch on Jeremy Rifkin as an American economist, writer, public speaker, political advisor and activist. Rifkin is the President of the Foundation on Economic Trends and the author of seventeen bestselling books on the impact of scientific and technological changes on the economy, society, the workforce, and the environment. His most recent books include The Empathic Civilization, The Hydrogen Economy, The European Dream, The End of Work, The Age of Access, and The Biotech Century. He currently serves as an advisor to the European Union, European Commission, the European Parliament, and several EU heads of state and has been influential in shaping public policy in the United States. With global unemployment hitting an all time high and effecting virtually every sector and industry...
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...October 9th, 2015 BUAD 425 – Steven Watson Table of Contents Introduction 2 What is Serving It Right? 2 Public Sector Administration of Serving It Right 3 Public Sector Employees versus Private Sector Employees 4 Monetary Wages and Benefits 4 Private Sector Administration 6 Risks 6 Benefits 6 Jobs 8 Conclusion 8 Bibliography 9 Introduction The question is not why the public sector can’t continue to administer the SIR program, it is how the private sector can do it better. The public sector focuses on providing services to communities and regions that are undeveloped. They look to create jobs, even when it may not be profitable because they’re not looking to maximize profits. In contrast, the private sector places a priority on profits and will end objectives if they’re not profitable. They want to be more efficient, cut-costs and look for external economies of scale (PrivacySense.net, 2015). What is Serving It Right? The Serving It Right certificate is mandatory in British Columbia. The self-study course is offered online and educates server, managers and licensees about their legal responsibilities when serving alcohol. The course provides techniques to prevent problems related to over-serving patrons. The course is currently administered by go2HR - BC's tourism industry human resource association, part of public sector(go2 Tourism HR Society, 2015). Any licensee, manager or server that works in an establishment where liquor...
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... MGI’s mission is to help leaders in the commercial, public, and social sectors develop a deeper understanding of the evolution of the global economy and to provide a fact base that contributes to decision making on critical management and policy issues. MGI research combines two disciplines: economics and management. Economists often have limited access to the practical problems facing senior managers, while senior managers often lack the time and incentive to look beyond their own industry to the larger issues of the global economy. By integrating these perspectives, MGI is able to gain insights into the microeconomic underpinnings of the long-term macroeconomic trends affecting business strategy and policy making. For nearly two decades, MGI has utilized this “micro-to-macro” approach in research covering more than 20 countries and 30 industry sectors. MGI’s current research agenda focuses on three broad areas: productivity, competitiveness, and growth; the evolution of global financial markets; and the economic impact of technology. Recent research has examined a program of reform to bolster growth and renewal in Europe and the United States through accelerated productivity growth; Africa’s economic potential; debt and deleveraging and the end of cheap capital; the impact of multinational companies on the US economy; technology-enabled business trends; urbanization in India and China; and the competitiveness of sectors and industrial policy. MGI is led by three McKinsey &...
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...India Assessment and Options1 R Nagaraj2,3 Ownership reform in public sector enterprises (PSEs) initiated since 1991 has as yet been quantitatively modest. It is perhaps too early to judge the effects of these initiatives on their financial performance. While the slow pace of the reform can be perceived as an opportunity, there is perhaps merit in carefully reviewing the policy in light of economic theory, and comparative experience. As the bulk of the public investments are in industries with economies of scale and scope (with externalities that in principle invite considerable regulation), this study suggests an alternative institutional arrangement for improving PSEs’ financial performance: mutual stock holding among complementary enterprises tied around a public sector bank to minimise problems of soft budget constraint, dysfunctional legislative and bureaucratic interference, and to encourage close interaction between banks and firms to promote long term economic development. Introduction: Employing about 19 million persons, public sector currently contributes about a quarter of India’s measured domestic output. Administrative departments (including defense) account for about 2/5th of it, the rest comes from a few departmental enterprises (like railways and postal services), and a large number of varied non-departmental enterprises producing a range of goods and services. These include, close to 250 public sector enterprises (PSEs) owned and managed by the central government...
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...It will be analyzed to compare the performance of public and private sector organization in Pakistan. Keywords: Privatization, profitability, output, efficiency and employment Introduction Despite frequent changes in the governments since 1985, five regularly elected and six care takers, there has been consensus on the continuation of privatization policy and as such it is expected to be cornerstone of all the future government policies, at least in the near future. Instead of arguing the merits or demerits of the privatization policy, we explore its impact on the levels of efficiency. A large number of public sector units have already been divested and a number of other public enterprises including telecommunications and thermal power stations have been placed on the privatization list. Nevertheless, serious doubts have been expressed about transparency of the bidding process and the impact of privatization on efficiency, investment, production, prices, employment and fiscal deficit. Accordingly, there is a need to identify constraints in realizing various objectives of privatization with a view to suggesting concrete policy measures that may be taken to overcome the constrain and to improve the performance of the organization. Divestiture of assets is not new to Pakistan though the motivation for divestiture has not been the same in different time periods. During the 50s and the 60s, public sector used to invest in non-traditional activities especially...
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...Case of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) This article provides an overview of eGovernment and its role in revolutionising existing governmental systems. It argues that in order for eGovernment initiatives to truly succeed, we need to develop public trust and confidence to promote diffusion and participation. The article relates this to the recently announced UAE eGovernment Strategic Framework 2011-2013. The framework attempts to promote the electronic transformation of all government services within a period of three years. An important component of the strategic framework in question is the use of the existing national identity management infrastructure and the development of a government-owned federated identity management system to support Governmentto-Citizen (G2C) eGovernment transactions and promote trust and confidence on the Internet. Dr. Ali M. Al-Khouri United Arab Emirates Keywords eGovernment, identity management, federated identity, identity card. Government-owned identity management systems that provide secure, unique and tamper-proof digital identities should become a primary component of national eGovernment strategies. Such federated identity systems can gain higher levels of trust, confidence and encourage public participation and has the potential to enable new levels of collaboration between different government agencies. European Journal of ePractice · www.epracticejournal.eu Nº 17 · September 2012 · ISSN: 1988-625X 126 1. Introduction ...
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...Roll-391, Section-B Date- 29April, 2014 CAREER MARKETING PLAN No matter what background one has, there is always at least one point in life where one has to take a decisive position as to what one wishes to do for one’s future. This becomes especially important when one is to start of one’s professional career. Such decisions may not give result exactly as expected by the person but planning about them well in advance certainly does hold an advantage. This report represents the path that I wish to take for my career or my future following graduating with an MBA. With an emphasis on my strengths and weaknesses especially those that differentiate me from my competing fellows and are important to my line, I have tried not only to see which line I would personally prefer to pursue but also the one which is more in congruence with my skill set. The major intent, however, is not to select a career path but rather to develop a marketing plan for my personal brand using systematic methods commonly used in regular commercial marketing as well. As a result, I have been able to know about my own interest as well as of the skills that I possess and those that I would need to develop based on who my target audience would be and what goals I have set in relation to my long term objectives. For this, I have analyzed a list of my strengths and weaknesses to see which field interests me most and...
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...7th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FINANCIAL CRIMINOLOGY 2015 13-14 April 2015,Wadham College, Oxford, United Kingdom Enhancement of the Accountability of Public Sectors through Integrity System, Internal Control System and Leadership Practices: A Review Study Mohamad Azizal Abd Aziza, Hilmi Ab Rahmanb, Md. Mahmudul Alamc, Jamaliah Saidc* a Faculty of Accountancy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia b Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Kelantan Campu, Malaysia c School of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia c Accounting Research Institute (ARI), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Abstract Currently, governance in public administration has become a global issue as a result of the continuous stream of governance failures, fraud, inefficiency, corruption, and poor internal control and financial management. Public sectors worldwide are now under pressure to justify the sources and utilizations of public resources as well as improving the performance in their services delivery. Now it is considered as public rights to monitor the transparency and efficiency of public administration. To ensure good governance, understanding the way to improve accountability in public sector is very essential. Therefore, to enhance the accountability in the public sector, based on the literature review this study discusses on the organizational internal factors that has influences on accountability; integrity system, internal...
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...their purposes | 2 | 8 to 10 | Learner Declaration | I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully acknowledged.Learner Signature: Bayan Kaid Date: 28/9/2015 | YOUNG INVESTORS MAGAZINE UNIT 1: Business Environment By: Bayan Kaid | 9/19/15 | Teacher: Fred Nzuku | Contents | Page number | Task one (P1) * Introduction of business & magazine………………… | (1,3) | * Private sector Business: Safaricom………………….. * Introduction to Safaricom……………………………. * Safaricom Competitors & no of employees………….. * Safaricom type of ownership…………………………. * Ownership advantages and disadvantage…………….. * | (4) | * Safaricom sales and figures…………………………. * Purposes of Safaricom existence…………………….. * Safaricom aims and objectives………………………. | (5) | | | * Public sector Business: National Bank of Kenya…….....
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...Public Leadership “Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things” is a famous quote from Peter Drucker (Psychology Today, 2002-2013). According to Rushaw, author of Leading Public Organization: An Interactive Approach, defines leadership “as an interactive relationship involving power and influence to secure goals and achieve satisfactory reward” (p. 14). A key objective of public leadership is to influence the behaviors of the followers by the leaders to aid in achieving goals. The nature of influence determines the form of power in public leadership, that refers to the ability of a leader to influence others. There are three main sources of power at the expense of the leader to enhance organizational productivity and efficiency; they are legitimate, referent, and expert forms of power. It is as important in knowing and understanding the difference between the private and public sector organizations as it is to know and understand the privacy laws. The privacy laws varies depending on the legislation that an organization is governed under. Leadership in Public Sector According to Rusaw (2001), “the nature of public leaderships is defined by the constitutional basis of his or her work. Public service is chartered by legislation, meaning that the content, scope, and relationship of work is related not to enterprise, but to the authority of law” (p. 2). A public sector organization is an organization owned and operated by the local, state, and...
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