...INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The concept of quality has existed for many years, though its meaning has changed dramatically and evolved over time. In the early twentieth century, quality management meant inspecting products to ensure that they met specifications. In the 1940s, during World War II, quality became more statistical in nature. Statistical sampling techniques were used to evaluate quality, and quality control charts were used to monitor the production process. In the 1960s, with the help of so-called “quality expert,” the concept took on a broader meaning. Quality began to be viewed as something that encompassed the entire organization, not only the production process. Since all functions were responsible for product quality and all shared the costs of poor quality, quality was seen as a concept that affected the entire organization. Before the dramatic change, quality was still viewed as something that needed to be inspected and corrected. To survive, companies had to make major changes in their quality programs. Many hired consultants and instituted quality training programs for their employees. A new concept of quality was emerging. One result is that quality began to have a strategic meaning. Today, successful companies understand that quality provides a competitive advantage. They put the customer first and define quality as meeting or exceeding customer expectations. Competition based on quality has grown in importance and has generated tremendous interest...
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...IMSE561/EMGT525 - TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND SIX SIGMA HOMEWORK-6 Name: Shyam V.H Karumanchi UM ID 0833-3824 Question 1: Describe the design procedure for robust design REFERENCES: 1. Chapter 20 Quality engineering lecture notes Products and services should be designed to be inherently defect free and of high quality. Robustness The product or process performs its intended function well within user profiles and insensitive to the variation including: Variation in production Differences in materials Differences in users or operators aging of the product or process, and the product or process accomplishes this without major cost impact. General procedure for robust design 1. Problem Formulation: This step consists of identifying the main function, developing the P-diagram, defining the ideal function and S/N ratio, and planning the experiments. The experiments involve changing the control, noise and signal factors systematically using orthogonal arrays. 2. Data Collection/Simulation: The experiments may be conducted in hardware or through simulation. It is not necessary to have a full-scale model of the product for the purpose of experimentation. It is sufficient and more desirable to have an essential model of the product that adequately captures the design concept. Thus, the experiments can be done more economically. 3. Factor Effects Analysis: The effects of the control factors are calculated in this step and the results are analyzed to select optimum setting of the...
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...Total Quality Management Total Quality Management (TQM) is a methodology to business, which basically takes a gander at the items and administrations of an organization to get complete client fulfilment. In TQM exertion, each part of an association take an interest in enhancing courses of action, administrations, items and the society in which they put effort. It intends to outfit the anthropological and material possessions (of an association) in the best approach to attain the association's targets. TQM utilizes method, information, and powerful interchanges to coordinate the quality control into the society and exercises of the association. TQM incorporates the saying "Total" in light of the fact that it includes everything the organization ensures i.e. all its methods and representatives at each end. It is the total of three properties i.e. i. Total: Any choice or activity transpiring in a specific division is not restricted to that office yet thusly impacts the whole arrangement of that association. Subsequently, each matter ought to be concentrated on in general. ii. Quality: Quality is the incorporation of value in creation, amenities and administration process. iii. Management: Administration is a specialty of achieving activities through others. Basically TQM is composed of 10 basic or key elements. Which are listed below 1. Process Thinking 2. Customer Satisfaction 3. Total Employee Commitment 4. Team Work and Quality Chain 5. Strategic...
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...Stakeholder Paper Antoinette Duckett Igal Hebron MGT 420 Management Quality In The Supply Chain July 29,2014 The purpose of this paper is to classify who stakeholders are in an organizations and the importance they play in an institute. This paper will discuss the importance of each stakeholder and how they promote growth and development in an organization. In additions, this paper will identify the quality management process and how stakeholders assist in making this process happen effectively and efficiently. Finally I will conclude this paper by showing two examples of how Walart implemented their quality management process successfully and the role stakeholders play in making this possible. Stakeholders are individuals, groups, who have a major interest in the well being of the organizations and they play a very key role in the success of the organization, the stakeholders ensures that each product is analyzed, improved, controlled, and defined. A stakeholder can make or break a project if the quality management process isn’t implemented accurately. It is very imperative that the stakeholder is influential in the operations of each step, because each stakeholder can be affected positively or negatively, directly or indirectly depending on their position. The stakeholder is responsible to turn inputs into output in the most efficient way possible. The stakeholder makes sure that the project delivers the deliverable to meet customers’ expectations. ...
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...Risk and Quality Management Assessment Diego Cuevas HCS 451 November 18, 2013 Dan Bucsko Risk and Quality Management Assessment Risk and quality management are vital to operating any kind of organization, but more so when dealing with an organization such as a hospital. Dealing with the lives and wellbeing of others is a huge responsibility. Some hospitals deal with more areas of services than others. Take John Muir Health for example, they provide a vast amount of services that range from primary care, emergency care, urgent care, rehabilitation, cancer treatment, children’s care, medical imaging, and more (John Muir Health, 2013). Of these areas of service require risk and quality management assessment. Other areas that do not always come to mind when thinking of risk and quality in a hospital include not only what goes on in the background such as, the IT departments but also what is right in front of the patients the moment they walk into the hospital. These services include the maintenance crew, the retail shops, parking garage, and the cafeteria area. In a hospital the purpose of risk management is to ensure both the safety of their patients and their staff as well as protecting the interest of the hospital (http://www.jacksonvilleu.com, 2013). On the other hand the purpose of quality management in a hospital is to ensure that certain standards are met when delivering care to patients and the same goes for the work environment that the staff is placed in. ...
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...EKONOMIKA I ORGANIZACIJA POSLOVANJA SEMINARSKI RAD: TQM Predmetni nastavnik: Ivana Zlatanović Student: Branko Puzić 03/05 Datum predaje: 02.05.2006. TQM Branko Puzić SADRŽAJ: 1. TOTALNO UPRAVLJANJE KVALITETOM................................................................................4 1.1 OSNOVNI PRNCIPI TQM-a.....................................................................................................8 2. OSNOVNI ELEMENTI TQM-a ....................................................................................................10 3. VEZA IZMEðU TQM-a I SERIJE STANDARDA ISO 9000......................................................13 3.1 ISO9000 NASUPROT TQM-u ................................................................................................13 3.2 UPOREðIVANJE KARAKTERISTIKA STANRDA ISO9000 I TQM SISTEMA ..............13 4. TQM ORGANIZACIJA.................................................................................................................15 5. NAJPOZNATIJI MENADŽERI KVALITETA ............................................................................19 ZAKLJUČAK ....................................................................................................................................21 LITERATURA...................................................................................................................................22 2/22 TQM Branko Puzić UVOD Svet u oblasti proizvodnje,...
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...As mentioned in Chapter 1, Urie Bronfenbrenner (1917–2005), proposes an ecological theory that centers on the relationship between the developing individual and the changing environmental systems. These interactions cannot be captured entirely in the laboratory, for, as Bronfenbrenner (1979, p. 27) points out, “Development never takes place in a vacuum; it is always embedded and expressed through behavior in a particular environment.” One cannot grasp human development by simply observing and measuring individuals’ behavior in clinical settings that are divorced from their relevant social, physical, and cultural environments. Of course, change must occur over time, and so Bronfenbrenner added the concept of the chronosystem to capture the dynamics of development with and across other systems. The chronosystem refers to changes within the individual and changes in the environment across time, as well as the relationship between the two processes. For example, if a divorce occurs in a child’s family during the preschool period, it will have a different impact than if the child is an adolescent or young adult. Bronfenbrenner’s ideas have been influenced by Freud, Piaget, Vygotsky, and, most importantly, Kurt Lewin. According to Lewin’s field theory, the “dialogue” between the person and the environment can be expressed in the formula B=f(PE): Behavior is determined by the interaction between the Person and the Environment. Bronfenbrenner modifi ed the formula to refl ect the...
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...Community Health Nursing: Quality of Life and Functioning A. Personal Perceptions After reviewing the case of Mrs. Thomas and her situation, there are many feelings I have about the final outcome. As nurses, we always have to take our feelings into account and rationalize what we feel about the health and well being of our patients. After a BRAC analysis was performed, significant results were indicated. I feel empathy for Mrs. Thomas because this technology showed what her odds were for future recurrence of breast cancer. I’m disappointed that a radical mastectomy was not suggested to be performed with Mrs. Thomas’ first surgery to help avoid a further decline. It appears almost obvious that this should have been encouraged by her medical team. I do, however, understand that it is easier to look back on this than to look forward with what options remain. What is most important is Mrs. Thomas’ quality of life for the duration of what time she has left. I define quality of life as the ability to be as emotionally, physically and mentally fulfilled as possible. Quality of life is finding all the moments that matter and cherishing them on a daily basis. There will be better days than others, but what is key is to understand the big picture. The major challenge is promoting the best quality of life when the big picture ultimately has a poor outcome. Health promotion is crucial to increase Mrs. Thomas’ quality of life. Interventions will be initiated in all areas...
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... Making Customers Feel Six Sigma Quality Globalization and instant access to information, products and services have changed the way our customers conduct business — old business models no longer work. Today’s competitive environment leaves no room for error. We must delight our customers and relentlessly look for new ways to exceed their expectations. This is why Six Sigma Quality has become a part of our culture. What is Six Sigma? First, what it is not. It is not a secret society, a slogan or a cliché. Six Sigma is a highly disciplined process that helps us focus on developing and delivering near-perfect products and services. Why ”Sigma“? The word is a statistical term that measures how far a given process deviates from perfection. The central idea behind Six Sigma is that if you can measure how many “defects” you have in a process, you can systematically figure out how to eliminate them and get as close to “zero defects” as possible. Six Sigma has changed the DNA of GE — it is now the way we work — in everything we do and in every product we design. GE’s Evolution Towards Quality GE began moving towards a focus on quality in the late ‘80s. Work-Out®, the start of our journey, opened our culture to ideas from everyone, everywhere, decimated the bureaucracy and made boundaryless behavior a reflexive, natural part of our culture, thereby creating the learning environment that led to Six Sigma. Now, Six Sigma, in turn, is embedding quality thinking — process thinking — across...
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...regulatory compliance. Worldwide Locations With locations close to sourcing areas in over 40 countries, we offer you the convenience of global coverage with local service where you need it. Technical Knowledge & Leadership Our staff participate in the development of international, industry and regulatory standards worldwide, keeping you and us at the forefront of changes in safety requirements and testing methods. Personalized Service At Bureau Veritas, we are committed to meeting your evolving needs and helping you anticipate new market trends. We offer you customized and specialized services to meet your quality assurance needs throughout your supply chain. Providing you with the highest levels of service is a priority for us. So we do the Inspection, Factory & Social Audit to show responsibility by making sure that its facilities, equipment, products and services comply with quality, health & safety, environmental and social responsibility imperatives, whether they are: - regulatory: imposed by applicable codes or regulations which condition the "license to operate", - voluntary: based on sector specific requirements or recognized international standards, - proprietary: based on your own schemes, standards or requirements. We are able to carry out inspections of your facilities, equipment and products, and audits of your systems and processes against practically any referential, on a local or worldwide basis. In a number of cases, inspections and audits will ultimately enable...
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...Look at Quality and Its Impact on Today’s Environment MGT/449 June 11, 2012 Nikki Henderson Instructor: Ian Finley What is quality? “Quality itself has been defined as fundamentally relational: ‘Quality is the ongoing process of building and sustaining relationships by assessing, anticipating, and fulfilling stated and implied needs,’ Quality Digest, 2001).” Even those quality definitions which are not expressly relational have an implicit relational character. Why do we try to do the right thing right, on time, every time? To build and sustain relationships. Why do we seek zero defects and conformance to requirements? To build and sustain relationships. Why do we seek to structure features or characteristics of a product or service that bear on their ability to satisfy stated and implied needs? To build and sustain relationships. The focus of continuous improvement is, likewise, the building and sustaining of relationships. It would be difficult to find a realistic definition of quality that did not have, implicit within the definition, a fundamental express or implied focus of building and sustaining relationships (Quality Digest, 2001.) Elements of Quality There are three key elements of quality: customer, process, and employee (Key Elements of Quality, n.d...
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... Making Customers Feel Six Sigma Quality Globalization and instant access to information, products and services have changed the way our customers conduct business — old business models no longer work. Today’s competitive environment leaves no room for error. We must delight our customers and relentlessly look for new ways to exceed their expectations. This is why Six Sigma Quality has become a part of our culture. What is Six Sigma? First, what it is not. It is not a secret society, a slogan or a cliché. Six Sigma is a highly disciplined process that helps us focus on developing and delivering near-perfect products and services. Why ”Sigma“? The word is a statistical term that measures how far a given process deviates from perfection. The central idea behind Six Sigma is that if you can measure how many “defects” you have in a process, you can systematically figure out how to eliminate them and get as close to “zero defects” as possible. Six Sigma has changed the DNA of GE — it is now the way we work — in everything we do and in every product we design. GE’s Evolution Towards Quality GE began moving towards a focus on quality in the late ‘80s. Work-Out®, the start of our journey, opened our culture to ideas from everyone, everywhere, decimated the bureaucracy and made boundaryless behavior a reflexive, natural part of our culture, thereby creating the learning environment that led to Six Sigma. Now, Six Sigma, in turn, is embedding quality thinking — process thinking — across...
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...until 1947. Dr. Ishikawa might now begin his profession as a cohort educator at the University of Tokyo, in 1949 Dr. Ishikawa joined the Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers quality control examination bunch, it was his aptitudes at activating huge assemblies of individuals towards a particular regular objective that was generally answerable for Japan's quality-change, and is likewise one of the world`s principal powers on quality control. He then attempted the presidency of the Musashi Institute of Technology in the year of 1978, and he has likewise helped many organizations, including IBM, Bridgestone, and Komatsu to turn out higher quality items at much lower cost. Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa needed to change the way individuals consider work, he urged all administrators to oppose getting substance with only enhancing an item's quality, demanding that quality change can just go above and beyond, his thought of companywide quality control called for proceeded client administration. This implied that a client might keep getting administration significantly in the wake of accepting the items, this administration might stretch out over the organization itself in all levels of administration, and even past the organization to the commonplace lives of those included, as stated by Dr. Ishikawa, quality change is a consistent methodology, and it can just be taken above and beyond. Dr. Ishikawa calls center administration and upper administration the guardian and instructor of...
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...----------------------- Energy Trace Barrier Analysis (ETBA) – Qualitative analysis technique used to identify hazards by tracing energy flow into, thru, & out of a system. “Energy hazard” is defind as an energy source tht adversely impacts an unprotectd or vulnerable target. Assessment is conductd by following the energy path to determine if adequate controls are in place to assure undesird energy release does not occur.– Energy flow is tracd through the system operation & energy transfer points are identifid– Barriers to ento energy flow are evaluatd to determine adequacy • ETBA process can be applied at any stage of the project lifecycle & can be very useful for:– Systems design –Developing procedures(e.g., lockout--‐tagout). – Planning/judging operational readiness. – During mishap investigation or making “safe--‐to--‐enter” decisions at mishap sites. ETBA Approach • Examine system & identify all energy sources • For each energy source, trace its path through the system • Identify all targets tht could be vulnerable to the energy source • Identify all barriers in the energy flow path • Determine if existing controls are adequate. Energy Source– any material, mechanism, or process tht contains potential energy tht can be releasd •Electrical •Mechanical •Chemical •Radiation• Sonic• Thermal• Nuclear• Pneumatic• Hydraulic• Others Energy barrier --‐ any design or administrative method tht prevents energy from being releasd or prevents a hazardous energy source from reaching a...
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...372 Quick Review Sheet Videos Toyota • Lift trucks, number 1 in lift truck sales since 2002 Ships • WWII, German U boats sunk more ships than could be produced • Henry J Kaiser, not a sailor, worked on Hoover and San Fran Bay bridge • Liberty Ships, 3 per day, fastest produced in 80 hours Deming History • W. Edwards Deming, statistician who worked for census bureau • Created JIT, Deming circle • Focused on quality control and that workers were important Alaskan Pipeline • Large influx of workers, 28000 at the peak • Wages were good and living quarters were nice • Only 10% women and there were some marriages • Main issue was permafrost so had to build above ground Container Ships • 90% of materials shipped in steel containers • 1/3 of imports brought through Long Beach California JIT – Just in Time, MRP used to combat risk MRP (inbound) – Materials Requirements Planning, Part of larger system QR – Quick Response ECR – Efficient Consumer Response VICS – Voluntary Inter-Industry Communication Standards Committee POS – point of sale DRP (outbound) – Distribution Requirements Planning SKUs – Stock-Keeping Units STB – Surface Transportation Board ICC – Interstate Commerce Commission EOQ – Economic Order Quantity, Works best with single facility, always round up EOQ = square root (2DP/CV) P = Ordering Cost per order D = Annual demand of product C = Annual inventory carrying cost (as a % of product value) V = value of inventory item ...
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