...Business Implications Quantum computing has been explained and even the potential of this technology has been explained. Now the question that arises is, what business implications will quantum computing have? The main implications that were mentioned were security and speed. Security is mentioned when people began talking about computing. When quantum computing comes into the realm of computing it becomes an even bigger issue. The leap in computing power may create a big gap between businesses equipped with the latest technologies and those who aren’t (Raisinghani, 2001). Businesses will have to take extra measures to make sure that their systems have the latest security. Because quantum computing is sensitive to changes in the environment, it can make it a lot easier for hackers to damage or disable systems (Raisinghani, 2001). Security within businesses will have to increase which means that internet access may become stricter just to make sure that the businesses’ information is safe. Even though people may think it is too much, the business has to make sure that they protect themselves or they could be in a heed of trouble. A new position may even need to be created to help tack the security issue. An Information Security Manager may be created help with security to make sure that the business is doing the best they can to protect themselves (Raisinghani, 2001). It may not be a new hire but someone who just changes positions for a time period until the business feels...
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...products. The company was facing the problem of complete replacement of its systems by retailers after every seven years during system upgrade. This made the businesses to close down during upgrade which resulted to loss of revenue and reputation. The company solved the problem by developing a product, DigiPoS Retail Blade, based on embedded Intel architecture processor and was the first EPoS system to use blade technology which allowed retailers to replace only parts that needed replacement and not the entire system. It could also have identified the most critical components of the EPoS system such as processors and memory or systems that are prone to failure or damage and make them dual i.e. operate concurrently and when one fails the other picks up. In addition to comparing and contrasting Retail Blade and Quantum Blade products, this document discusses the strategies Digipos employ in order to reduce total quality management. In this regard, it produces high quality products that would reduce the cost of performing maintenance, repairs, support, and upgrades as the products will work for long periods. Case Study: Revolutionizing the Retail Sector Main Computing Problems Faced by Digipos with Regard to System Upgrade Many computing systems face various problems with regard to system upgrade. While some systems allow for replacement of parts during upgrading, others require the...
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...A. Case: In the case of Ventura v. Titan Sports Inc. (22 III 65 F3d 725 8th Cir. 1995 ), a pro combatant and commentator agreed to an oral contract that was silent on royalties. Later they also made a second contract were he was mislead fraudulently on the royalties subject. B. Factual Summary: Plaintiff Jesse Ventura (wrestler) entered into an oral contract to wrestle for Titian Sports (Defendant).After Ventura suffered medical problems, a second oral contract was made with Titan Sports to commentate for them. Royalties till haven't been mentioned. After a brief termination of the the plaintiff returned. Ventura again entered into another oral contract with Titan Sports to become a commentator. Barry Bloom is a talent agent who negotiated...
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...Essential Elements of Contract A contract is agreement enforceable by law. Every contract is an agreement but every agreement is not necessarily a contract. An agreement becomes contract only when it possesses certain essential elements. The presence of these features in the agreement gives it legal enforceability. 1. Valid offer Any agreement between two or more parties begins with an offer. An offer is made when one person signifies to another his willingness to do or abstain from doing something in view of .... Rules of Valid Offer a) Offer may be expressed or implied. b) There must be two parties: offerer and offeree c) The terms of the offer must not be vague but certain. d) Offer must be distinguished from an invitation to make an offer. 2. Acceptance When the person to whom offer is made signifies his assent thereto , he accepts the offer. Rules of Valid Offer a) Only offeree can give the acceptance. b) Acceptance follows the offer. c) Acceptance must be unconditional. d) Acceptance has to be communicated in a mode prescribed by the offerer and within the time mentioned by the offerer. e) If no mode and time is prescribed, it has to be in a reasonable mode and within a reasonable time. 3. Consideration In a contract the promise to deliver goods/ services is countered by a promise to do something in return then a contract will come into existence. For example, to pay money in return of good/ services. The promised payment is the consideration for...
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...change, as it would need more or equal finance and time. The duration of time taken for research and finances used would be wasted should the upgrade fail. There were also chances of getting incompatible components or those that may cause the system to crash. That would lead to loss of very important information about customers. It would also be costly, as the organization will have to organize finances to purchase another one (Debra, 2008). When this happens, the organization would lose their reputations and lose customer loyalty that they have since enjoyed. Upgrading a system involves closure of the whole or larger part of the system. This can result in loss of returns to the business, as transaction could not go on as usual. It may also damage the reputation, as most customers could not get their regular services. Therefore, it can be concluded that before anyone takes the initiative to carry out system upgrade, there is a need to understand possible problems that the project...
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...“DAMAGE AS A CONSTITUENT OF TORT LAW” INTRODUCTION The word tort is of French origin and is equivalent of the English word wrong, and the Roman law term delict. It is derived from the Latin word tortum, which means twisted or crooked. It implies conduct that is twisted or crooked. It is commonly used to mean a breach of duty amounting to a civilwrong. Of the various attempts to define tort, Salmond's definition is rather popular. Salmond defines tort as a civil wrong for which the remedy is a common law action for unliquidated damages and which is not exclusively the breach of a contract or the breach of a trust or other merely equitable obligation. A tort arises due to a person‟s duty to others in generally which is created by one law or the other. A person who commits a tort is known as a tortfeaser, or a wrongdoer. Where they are more than one, they are called joint tortfeaser. Their wrongdoing is called tortuous act and they are liable to be sued jointly and severally. The principle aim of the Law of tort is compensation of victims or their dependants. Grants of exemplary damages in certain cases will show that deterrence of wrong doers is also another aim of the law of tort. OBJECTIVES OF LAW OF TORTS i. To determine rights between parties to a dispute. ii. To prevent the continuation or repetition of harm e.g. by giving orders of injunction. iii. To protect certain rights recognized by law e.g. a person's reputation or good name. iv. To restore property to its...
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...Intro to law Chapter 1 Business law is divided into: - Tort law – injury - Contract law - Business (sole, partner, corporation) - Real estate - Intellectual - Environmental 3 functions of the law 1. Settling disputes 2. Establishment of rules 3. Protection Sources of law - Case law – from recorded judgement – precedent - Statues – passed by government - Statue law – judicial understanding and application Stare decisis: to let a decision stand 1. From the judges own 2. From a court of equal rank 3. From a court of higher rank Equity - Rules originally based on decisions of the king Charter of rights - Notwithstanding clause o Permits the government to pass a legislation that conflicts or overrides charter - Right to due process o Informed of rights o Right to a lawyer Classification of laws - Substantive law o Law that sets out rights and duties o Individual right enforceable at law - Procedural o Procedures taken to enforce the law - Public o Relates to the relationship between governments and persons - Private law o Relates to relationships between individuals Chapter 2 Jurisdiction 1. Court of original jurisdiction 2. Court of appeal Criminal court procedure 1. Plaintiff – party bringing the action 2. Defendant – party defending an action 3. Discovery a. Examination and questions Class action - Group of individual represented by one attorney in a suit Chapter 3 Administrative law - Includes laws, rules, decisions...
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...Richard Feynman, in 1959) can be defined as the manipulation of atoms and molecules at nano (one billionth) scale (1–100 nm) to produce devices, structures or systems having at least one novel or superior property. The materials having at least one dimension in the nano scale are called nanomaterials. 10-9 meter (1 nanometer) to 10-7 meter (100 nanometer) Human eye can visualize up to 20μm only 1μm = 10-6 m DNA= 2.5nm- 3nm Protein= ̴ 5 nm Virus= ̴ 150 nm Human hair= ̴ 5000 nm Properties of Nanomaterials 1. The surface area to volume ratio of the nanomaterials is relatively larger than that of bulk materials of the same mass. This increases the chemical reactivity and affects strength and electrical properties of the material. 2. The quantum confinement is observed at nanometer sizes that changes the optical, electronic and magnetic properties of the material. The band gap increases as the size of the material is reduced to nanometer range. I II III IV Reduction in particle size increase in its Surface area Now, material is NANO so surface area will big… HOW? Let us consider a sphere of radius ‘r’ Surface Area = 4 x π x r2 Volume = (4/3) x π x r3 ratio of SA to Vol = 3/r Thus, radius of sphere decreases, Surface area will increase Let us consider a cube of sides 1 m Area= 6 x side2 = 6 x 1m2 = 6m2 Now, cut the same cube into 8 pieces, then the SA will increases Area= 6 x (1/2)2 x 8 = 12m2 Similarly, the same cube into 27 pieces, Area= 6 x (1/3)2 x 27 = 18m2 When...
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...CONTRACT NOTES NATURE OF A CONTRACT The very basic definition of a contract can be: A contract is a written or spoken agreement intended to be enforceable by law. It consists of 2 main parts: 1) Agreement 2) Its enforceability by Law 1) Agreement: Agreement = offer + acceptance In other words it is an accepted proposal 2) Enforceability by Law: An agreement to become a contract, it must give rise to a legal obligation or duty. An agreement in order to be a contract must give rise to a legal obligation and not a social obligation. Therefore only those agreements, which are enforceable in a court of law, are contracts. For an agreement to become a contract it should have the following characteristics: ➢ There must be 2 parties in the agreement. The offer must be definite and the acceptance of the offer must be absolute and unconditional. ➢ There must be an intention to create a legal relationship and not a domestic or social. ➢ The agreement is legally enforceable only when both parties give something and get something in return. This is known as “consideration”. It may not be only in cash or kind. It may be an act or abstinence or a promise to do or not to do something. ➢ The parties must be competent to enter into a valid contract. For eg. they should be sane, having sound maturity and should not have been disqualified from any law to which he is subject. ➢ Free consent. There...
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...also known as, “unjust enrichment,” “quasi contract” or “quantum meruit,” are as follows: (1) the plaintiff has conferred a benefit on the defendant; (2) the defendant has knowledge of the benefit; (3) the defendant has accepted or retained the benefit conferred and (4) the circumstances are such that it would be inequitable for the defendant to retain the benefit without paying fair value for it.” In a construction contract, a subcontractor may recover against the property owner if the subcontractor can establish the following: “that the subcontractor had exhausted all remedies against the general contractor and still remained unpaid and that the owner had not given consideration to any other person for the improvements furnished by the subcontractor.” In the current matter, Equity did not establish that Commerce had not given consideration for Equity’s work. Therefore, Equity failed to meet its burden of proof. Moreover, when Commerce attempted to establish that it had paid over $64,000 directly to subcontractors for...
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...NO. | 1. | TITLE PAGE | 01 | 2. | CERTIFICATE | 02 | 3. | ABOUT THE PROJECT | 04-08 | 4. | BIBLIOGRAPHY | 09 | Compensation to motor vehicles victims – legislative and judiciary approach. In order to give effective rights to the person injured or expired in an accident, Fatal Accidents Act, 1885 was enacted in India. This Act provided only a procedure and a right of named legal heirs to claim compensation from the person committing negligence. This enactment has worked in India for a comfortable long period. Because of increase in automation and consequential losses of life and property in accident, it was considered that to give relief to the victims of accident claims an effective law should be brought in. Right to claim damages were always...
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...Week 2 – Cast Study 1 Robert Dickens Dr. Romy Lu 0001VA016-1138-001 – Advanced Computer Architecture 20 October 2013 Digipos is a company that provides infrastructure solutions specifically tailored to retail oriented companies. Digipos provides a wide range of hardware platforms that include displays, mobile ecommerce solutions, systems, software, and even third party integration solutions. Digipos traditionally recommend that their clients perform a hardware upgrade every five to seven years. This hardware upgrade usually required a complete hardware change which would require a system outage as the old systems are pulled out and the new systems are put in place. This is definitely quite a task to accomplish that can introduce several critical problems. Typically, a hardware replacement requires a “burn-in” period to ensure that the hardware electronics are all stable and not going to fail. Typically this is done before the product is shipped to the client but isn’t always followed and may have to be done on site which would require a risky period of time where their equipment could very possibly fail. Another point of concern is the software and processes that run on the system might have a conflict with the new hardware, but again, this should be fully tested in a lab environment at DigiPos rather than on site at the client’s location. DigiPos decided that these outages were impacting their customers...
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...DISCHARGEMENT OF CONTRACT The law of contracts forms a substantial part of our various relationships that can have some sort of influence over us on an almost daily basis – even when there is no physical contract in front of us we may still be privy to some sort of contractual obligation. Alternatively, if you’re a fan of social theorists such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, you may argue that we’re also bound by ‘the social contract’, but we digress. Getting back to our original point, the law of contracts plays an enormous role in many of our interactions and for the most part, there may be no real concern in regards to the performance of a contract and an agreement will be completed accordingly. However, this does not mean that issues won’t arise within a contractual relationship, and there may be circumstances where you may need to discharge a contractwhich can be done by either one, or all of the parties to the agreement, and can be discharged by either: * BY PERFORMANCE * BY MUTUAL AGREEMENT * BY SUPERVENING IMPOSSIBILITY * BY OPERATION OF LAW * BY LAPSE OF TIME * BY LAPSE OF TIME BY PERFORMANCE Before exploring the general ways in which a contract can be discharged, the most obvious way in which acontract will come to an end, is when all parties fulfil their contractual obligations and the contract has been discharged via performance. Easy. Exceptions to performance Some people may be of the belief...
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...Freeman Mills v Belcher Oil ; 11 Cal 4th 85 Facts of the case: Belcher Oil company retained a law firm, acknowledging that the company was to pay for all bills relating to the company including those fees for the accountants. The accountants billed the company for their services. The company did not pay, and the accountants brought the case to court claiming that it was a breach of contract, bad faith denial of contract , and quantum meruit. Belcher Oil Company failed to pay accounting fees to Plaintiff, even though there was essentially a pact between both groups. The jury decided upon giving the Plaintiff monetary and punitive damages. The Punitive damages were given as a result of the defendant’s denial of the contract’s existence as well as manipulative behavior. Question before the court: Is a party’s contract enough to cover for another group’s bad faith denial of the contract’s settlement? Holding: A part to a contract is not able to recover in tort for someone else’s bad faith denial of the contract’s being. The holding presented in the Seaman’s Direct Buying Service, Inc. v. Standard Oil Co. is overruled. Unless there are duties that are efficiently independent of tort law, then tort recovery should not be considered to be another remedy present under breach of contract cases. Reasoning: The former rule that a group that is tied to a contract may incur tort remedies when it seeks to hide itself from liability by lying, and without necessary probable cause...
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...repeatedly looked into Jones’ banking records. Justice Kevin M.V. Whitaker of the Superior Court of Justice, dated March 23, 2011, was considered to have erred in granting summary judgment and dismissing Jones’ claim for damages. An appeal was granted and heard on September 29, 2011, to address the issue of Ontario law not recognizing the tort of breach of property. The following is a briefing of the court report released January 18, 2012, summarizing the primary facts, issues, and conclusions as detailed by Robert J. Sharpe J.A. FACTS Jones and Tsige were both employees of BMO, with Tsige in a position to access the personal account information of clients. Tsige and Jones were not known to each other, although Tsige was involved in a financial dispute with Jones’ former husband. Over the course of four years, Tsige accessed Jones’ account records at least 174 times, with the intention of determining whether Jones’ former husband was paying child support. Tsige admitted that this was not a legitimate reason for invading Jones’ privacy, apologized, and was subsequently disciplined by BMO. No action was made to directly compensate Jones, who asserted that her privacy protection in financial matters had been “irreversibly destroyed,” and claimed damages totalling $90,000. Justice Kevin M.V. Whitaker dismissed Jones’ claims, holding that Ontario law does not recognize a cause of action for invasion of privacy. ISSUES The primary issue is whether Ontario should...
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