...MUD08243876 Differences in cultural capital mark the differences between the classes” Pierre Bourdieu How do class, gender, sexuality or race work in relation to taste today? Using at least two key theorists discussed on the course, explain how ideas of taste are presented in any two media texts. The concept of good taste and class has always been a sensitive subject for those perceived as lacking enough taste or class to fit in the higher echelons of society. Historically, taste. class and it’s symbols have always been defined by the social elite. It was been incredibly difficult for outsiders to gain access to the knowledge that ensured the ruling class were in a position to define taste for the rest of the population. There has however always been a drive in the lower classes to earn acceptance and even entry to the higher class of society. This drive has been a major factor to the success of capitalism, giving birth to mass production and economic well fare. Renowned french sociologist Pierre Bourdieu theorised on cultural, social and symbolic values in order to analyze what constituted taste and class. (Swartz, David. 1997) Bourdieu believed that if one possessed a great deal of cultural capital (knowledge of the arts, language or artistic flair) one would be perceived as a higher class than someone without the same knowledge. Bourdieu argues that all members of society exist in a multidimensional social space:...
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...of getting in other races, since students of other races will not get in, but there is a solution: simply not judge by race, but by character. Today, I will go over in detail what the problem, causes, and the solution to the discrimination against Asians over college acceptance. So, first and foremost, I will discuss the problem about the problem about this discrimination. The main issue about Asians having lower college acceptance rates is that while they do not get the same results with the same work. As previously mentioned, Priceonomics, on April 24, 2013, publishes, “Asian applicants have 67% lower odds of admission than white applicants with comparable test scores.” While some Asians work just as hard as those with other races, they have a lower chance of getting into the same college. Clear discrimination is showed in this scenario, as some of the Asians do not get awarded fairly for their hard work studying and working. If the Asians work just as hard as people of other races, they should have similar rates of admission. Since there is a problem, it...
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...Does Race Matter? Does race matter? Do you understand what race means and how it is perceived? This is a neutral subject for me. I am in between on this subject due to the fact that race does matter for some things and not others. As I researched, there are some great reasons to understand why race really matters in healthcare studies. Other research shows race is misunderstood. First off, one example race matters is the medical field. Understanding the reasons why race matters in the medical field helps medical providers work to complete new studies or research. I work in healthcare and every day I work with a new patients I verify their race and ethnicity on their official medical record. I do this in order to provide the doctor with the patient’s information and collect medical/social history that is always updated. The doctor then reviews their chart and can use his knowledge to ask questions he needs to in order to address the patient complaint. The information provided can assist with comparing symptoms in past and present for numerous racial groups. Throughout medical advancements; researchers have been able to link race with medical conditions that are common in areas around the world or with certain racial or ethnic groups. This research can use the environment, living situations, past history, and even hereditary traits. In this case, knowing someone’s race is not a negative attack. Race is a purposeful piece of information that can further advance overall health...
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...Social Construction of Whiteness The concept of whiteness, or white privilege, for centuries has been ignored as a potential area of study because it has been widely accepted as the societal norm. Many whites have benefited socially, economically and politically without understanding that most of the privileges they have historically received are solely due to their race and/or gender. The purpose of this review is to analyze the social construction of whiteness from a theoretical perspective, whites understanding themselves and their social status, in addition to the evolution of whiteness. Many studies have been undertaken on the social construction of whiteness. These studies shed a lot of light on the different perceptions on whiteness, gaps in research, areas of highest research interest, strengths and weaknesses of the various methodologies, and direction for future studies. In the study done by Hartmann, Gerteis, and Croll, the focus was on the theoretical aspects of whiteness studies. The findings led the researchers to estimate that in the United States, 15% of the population exhibit what may be called ‘categorical whiteness’ (404). The study by Hartmann, et.al, was carried out using data obtained during a recent national survey, which helped provide an empirical assessment of the theoretical underpinnings of whiteness studies (Hartmann, et.al 404). Three propositions regarding the awareness and conception of whites about their own racial status were analyzed. The...
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...Race and Your Community Racism is an issue that people have to deal with on a daily basis. It is a topic that a lot of people do not like to address but something that we know exists. I have lived in Millbrook, Alabama, a city outside of Montgomery, Alabama for all of my life and since I can remember the racial relations have been fine. I am sure that everything is not 100 percent but we live in the same community with no problems. In this Cultural Diversity class, I learned that discrimination is not limited to just race. I learned that a person may experience discrimination because of their gender, their religion or even their choice of clothing, just to name a few. There are people in my community who look like me. I am an African American and there is a good representation of African Americans in Millbrook, Alabama. The majority race in my community is the Caucasian race and there are Hispanics represented in my community too. The Caucasian race looks different from me because of the color of their skin and the texture of their hair. The Hispanics in my community look different from me by the color of their skin, hair texture and the language that some of them speak. There is no one neighborhood that only has one race in it. There is some representation of all of the races in the majority of the neighborhoods. Although we are not the majority, we are not the minority. If you come to visit, you may be surprised at how well all the races do get along...
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...Angelique Vasquez Doctor Scala WGS 4100 April 4, 2017 Log 8 As a black feminist and social activist, bell hooks addresses the intersections of race, class, gender, sexuality and religion, and their ability to produce and perpetuate systems of oppression and domination. In her latest work, Writing Beyond Race: Living Theory and Practice, she attempts to strategize the ways in which scholars, activists and readers can challenge and change systems of domination. In Writing Beyond Race, bell hooks provides an insightful and compelling analysis of the discourse and media representations of race and racism, and provides suggestions for the ways in which people can bridge cultural and racial divides. Writing Beyond Race is a smart, engaging and passionate...
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...Affirmative action is discriminatory and can result in someone not accomplishing their aspiration or dream. With the use of affirmative action, or preferential treatment, one race or gender may have more of an advantage then someone else because of their skin color. Jack Kemp once said, “Affirmative action based on quotas is wrong - wrong because it is antithetical to the genius of the American idea: individual liberty”. Everyone should be treated equal in all scenarios and the most qualified should be chosen. Affirmative action and preferential treatment limit the educational opportunities and social progression in aspects of life such as jobs. All people in consideration, “should be treated as equals unless there are morally relevant reasons for treating them different” (Andre). Factors should be based on the person’s skill and qualifications for the job or acceptance into a school. But, research has shown that minorities have had increases of up to 310 points in their SAT score just because of the race or gender of that person (Affirmative). In these places, race should not be brought up. It should just be based on what they have done and what attributes they will bring. Since the scores might be inflated, it leads to an increase in the inability of them to succeed which then leads to a higher dropout rate. African Americans had a dropout percentage of forty-five percent compared to seventy-three percent by white students in the same year (Andre, Claire). It also was designed...
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...English Essay: Race in UCT’s Admission policy Race should not play apart in UCT’s admissions policy. We as a country should let go of ideals from a time where race determined your life. We can start by taking race out of the equation when it comes to UCT and any other institution’s admissions policy. I do not believe that it is fair to have race as one of the deciding factors for whether or not we are given a spot at UCT. This is especially unfair to those who work hard, meet the requirements and are still declined a place so that someone who may have achieved less than you can take it instead. As a firm believer of fairness and equal opportunities I do not agree that we should let things of which we have no control over, such as race, affect our lives in such a way. Nobody is to blame for the race that they are yet UCT still takes it into account before they consider accepting you. Instead they should only focus on what we are actually responsible for, such as academics or your work rate. Another point is to raise what is UCT’s admissions policy saying about certain races. To me it is saying that some races aren’t as intelligent as others which is why the requirements are different. This is highly untrue as all human beings are equal yet it is still used in the policy. I understand that is must be very difficult for someone living in unfortunate financial circumstances to compete for a place at UCT against someone who is more financially stable. Instead of building a...
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...Race: The Cultural and Political Power of an Illusion in Latin America Race has been the most arguable and controversial subject in Latin American history. Since 16th century it has created a great deal of prejudice among Latin American people, it has been referred, as biological characteristics later modified to a social statue such are education, wealth and language. It has been under a heavy influence of cultural and political power where people were classified from their biological characteristics to their wealth. Through the time race has become the main tool for state creation and regulation. Race has become a status, which has structured and organized the nation but the term “race” has never itself been stable. In today’s Latin America modern theory of “race” has meaning of a political power, status and regulation, it’s a states way of monitoring and controlling of the heterogeneous nation. Race gradually has become a political cultural and economic power for Latin American state. In this paper I will argue about the idea that race in Latin America gradually has became just an illusion, a tool by which people were controlled structured and manipulated. Various articles will be presented to support and illustrate the transformation of the word “race “ and its cultural and political influence on Latin America. I will talk about the colonial to republic period idea of “race “ In Latin America and how the meaning of the word was manipulated. I will discuss the colonial...
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...access to and control over production of goods and services, as well as the resources for provisioning and survival” (Acker 2006: 442). “Gender, refers to the socially constructed differences between male and female and the beliefs and identities that support difference and inequality, is also present in all organizations” (Acker 2006:444). “Race, refers to socially defined differences based on physical characteristics, culture, and historical domination and oppression, justified by entrenched beliefs” (Weber 2001 :10).This paper will analyze and discuss the issue of oppressions in relation to class, gender, and race using W.E.B. Du Bois’ thoughts on race, gender, and class. Also, the intersectional theory according to Patricia Hill Collins will be used for analyzing and discussion in regards race, gender and class. The work of W. E. B. Du Bois (1868-1963) has recently become recognized for its significant contributions to sociological theory (Zuckerman 2004:3). Although Du Bois himself was overwhelmingly concerned with the scientific perspective of "value free" sociological research, later social theorists have found his views on race to offer one of...
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... Motives for continuing the Space Program has changed over the past 50 years since the Space Race. How has the federal spending affected the Space Program? What are we spending on? The federal spending has increased, but in recent years NASA has suffered budget cuts. How does technology play a role in the continuation of the Space Program? Does it impact civilian life? The technology used plays an impacting role on space exploration as well as advancements in civilian life. Does the changes in the Space Program impact the job market? Is there a difference between then and now? The Space Program is a huge team of people involved in various areas and has different amounts of need for certain areas. The Space Program has had different factors of motivation. Motives for continuing the Space Program has completely changed over the past 50 years. In 1955, the Space Race began and was a factor of motivation. The U.S was so deeply involved and had the goal of being successful (Griffin). They were eager to put long hours full of hard work to achieve their goal. The race against the Soviets lasted until 1972 (Leone). A seventeen year race was enough motivation for the kickstart of NASA. It allowed for exploration like no other. After the Space Race, motivation to continue the program was different (When we left Earth). Motivation for the Space Program came in different forms after the race. The U.S felt as if there was no purpose to continue. (Leone). They were then driven to put more...
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...that they had very little success in creating their ‘National Community’. Between the years 1933-39 the Nazi party set upon an idea of creating their own race of racially pure Germans, an Aryan race. And to do this they had to remove all the people they had thought of as unfit and against what they saw as the Aryan race, and create a Volksgemeinschaft. Volksgemeinschaft was a people’s community, where everybody was equal in race. The Nazi party was prepared to go to extreme lengths to ensure that they got this racially pure race, killing unfit Germans was a solution. Hitler wanted a community joined only by blood and race, anyone else was not considered to be part of the Volksgemeinschaft program. Hitler wanted his Aryan race to spread throughout the world and for the Nazi party to become the most powerful. By the years 1936 and 1937 Hitler and the Nazi party were strong within Germany, the support of the Nazi party was immense and Hitler saw this as an opportunity to radicalise the Nazi party, take things further and more extreme. Hitler announced new rules for Jews, persecution of the Jews. Hitler first began increasing pressure on them to ‘voluntarily’ sell their business’ this was the beginning of the attack on the Jews. Hitler pressured Jews to sell their well earning business for well under the market value to Aryan race German. With less Jews in charge of business’ this would leave more area for Germans to get in on the market, with the Jews removed so was competition. The...
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...March 14, 2014 Intro to Poetry 116w The Role of Race in Determining the Canonicity of Phillis Wheatley’s Works Over the years, the types of literary works considered to be part of the cannon have varied greatly but the criterion for selecting a canonical work seems to have stayed the same. According to American literary critic Northrop Frye, the canonicity of a work represents the admission of the work unto a “unified scheme” that is also “in accord with a permanent structure of ideas” (Hilton, 140). While poet Phillis Wheatley certainly focused upon the “permanent structure of ideas” that is most significant in our society- religion, freedom, integrity- she was fairly unsuccessful at achieving a canonical status for most if not all of her works. Wheatley’s achievements were undoubtedly impressive, yet much attention was paid to her race rather than her talent. While a canonical work by definition creates a powerful literary legacy, after her initial fame Phillis Wheatley was “no longer a revelation, unable to successfully commodify herself again, she died penniless and forgotten” (Flanzbaum, 79). Much of the controversy surrounding Wheatley’s work was brought on by accusations made by critics that she held a misguided racial identity, in which she identifies more with her white, privileged readers than her black peers. Even decades later, many critics of Wheatley’s work are still unable to see past skin color to see her work for what it truly is. It cannot be said for certain...
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...For as long as we know, race has always been a major issue in our world and throughout time leaving people to believe that race is something that determines an individual. With the movements and progress that has been made throughout the years, it has let people better understand evils of race and how it is not something that should be of importance when deciding on where an individual stands in the world. People have always misconstrued an individual’s particular race with that as something that describes that person as a whole. Because of an individual’s race, this was something that was said to predict where people would fall in the community and this would lay out what chances an individual had in the working world in comparison to someone else. In reading William Julius Wilson’s thoughts on the idea of race and how it has been a major if not the most crucial reasoning to where a person stands in the world, I have been informed of what dilemmas there are that have and still occur today. I have been informed of the idea that race is unfortunately what people depict when they create an outcome for a particular individual. During the 20th century, it was now a period of time where it was no longer race that was as central of an issue, but it was now class position that was said to have the most importance of where people stood, Black individuals to be specific. When viewing the issues that lie within cities involving poverty, it has been said to focus rather on universal conclusions...
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...Motivation Introduction -------------------------Motivation of the workforce is a topic that has been discussed by many people and very rightly so. If one could just find the one motivation that works for all employees!!!. The importance of motivation -----------------------------------------Employee motivation is important. We all want to start our day excited about what we are doing. At the end of the day, we want to feel like we have accomplished something and that someone has noticed, appreciated, and benefited from our efforts. Recognition is what encourages us to want to come back tomorrow. Motivation can have an effect on the output of the business quantity and quality. What are some of the most important Motivation Theories and how they still influence our day-to-day work. Having explored some of the theories of Herzberg (the Hygiene factors/motivators and his vertical loading), and then Maslow's Hierarchy (of needs and others) what I have tried here is to link some of these theories with my own work experience. cannot help but start with Maslow's Hierarchy of needs which listed five basic needs, the highest being self actualization. Maslow sees this as what humans can be, they must be or at least becoming everything that one is capable of becoming. Maslow also argued that these needs are not necessarily in a fixed order. However, he also suggests that - A satisfied need is not a motivator. - Lack of need satisfaction can affect mental health. Of course his theories have...
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