...Running Head: BRAIN HEALTH IN ASSISTED LIVING Running Head: BRAIN HEALTH IN ASSISTED LIVING Brain Health Knowledge in Assisted Living: Establishing Baseline Information for Interventions to Promote Adaptation and Successful Aging 410 - 01 Research Article Review Final Tammie R. Bryant I. Title At a word count of 17 words, the title is rather long for an average title length. Moreover, it skipped on important information that will let the readers know the jurisdictional or geographical limit of the study by not mentioning “North Carolina” in the main title. However, it does encapsulate the main variable (“brain health knowledge”) and the principal aim “establish baseline information” and rationale (“interventions to promote adaptation and successful aging”) of the study. Although, the part of the rationale (“promote adaptation and successful aging”) provides a clear declaration of the content of the study, it increased the word count by five words (two of which contain 10 letter's each). Alternatively, it could have opted to use a shorter three-word phrase “quality of life” (with no word containing more than six letters), which can adequately represent the content (and mentioned in the first sentence of the abstract) without sacrificing length and, simultaneously, allowing space for the state name in the main title. II. Abstract The American National Standard for writing abstracts requires the presence of four essential elements in the content: purpose, methodology...
Words: 1757 - Pages: 8
...Class Final: The genetics of cancer * Cancer is when mitosis goes wrong! * Cancer cells lack regulated ability to divide only when needed so they divide uncontrollably. * Hyperplasia- Beginning of cancer development; heightened cell division that can create tumor (neoplasm) * Dysplasia- The change in cells/tissue * Cancer cells go from being complex to primitive—which means cancer cells lose their shape, size and ability to function like normal cells * Cancer originates due to mutations within the DNA, in sequence of nucleotides of genes * Malignant tumors and neoplasms are referred to as cancer; benign neoplasms are NOT cancer * In situ tumors- Precurser to cancer/ precancerous * Very dangerous tumor cells (what’s detected in screenings) Causes of cancer: 1. If there’s mutation in the Proto-oncogenes (tumor suppressor genes), which code for proteins and regulates mitosis… then there will definitely be problem with normal cell division. 2. Carcinogens are substances or physical agents that lead to development of cancer when body is exposed to them. 3. General mutations due to internal/external factors can cause cancer. a. Internal factors- errors in DNA replication; Free radicals; errors in protein synthesis b. External factors- Infectious agents (bacteria/viruses); pollution and chemicals in environment; Radiation (sun); medical treatment (chemo); Lifestyle factors (diet, tobacco) Benign vs. Malignant ...
Words: 1486 - Pages: 6
...connect with others; social convoy-family, friends, strangers who move through life with a person. Protective layer of social relation. Affects relationships with siblings and spouses. Integration of death and the acceptance of death. Maslow- top to bottom: 5.Self Actualization: need to live into someone’s full potential. Aesthetic, creative, and spiritual understanding. 4. Esteem: achievement, competence, respect from others. 3. Love and belonging: need to be loved, belong and acceptance. 2. Safety: Feel safe/secure.1. Physiological: need food, drink, shelter. Mid Life Crisis: 35-50yrs. Mostly men. Reflect back and evaluate life. Radical self-examination and transformation. Levinson study. The age 40 crucible-Gail Sheehy 1976. Characteristics of Personality: (O.C.E.A.N): “The Big Five” Openness- imaginative, artistic, open to new experiences. Closed- higher IQ and verbal fluidity. Consciousness- organized, self-disciplined. Careless- higher rate of college education. Extroversion- outgoing, active, assertive. Higher verbal fluency- more likely to marry. Agreeableness- kind, helpful, generous. Hard to please. Neuroticism- (placid) anxious, moody, self-punishing-more likely to divorce. Ecological Niche:...
Words: 1409 - Pages: 6
...States began to enter the aging society; an aging population is now over 65 years that is 17.4% of the total population (McNicoll, 67). As the populaces grow older, an escalating share of the working force will be past the age 60 years. Older human resources have often been measured less productive than the younger population, raising the concern of whether the aged workforce will be as well a less prolific one. The American work force or personnel are growing older. As the baby boom cohort passes focal point age and approaching to retirement, a intensifying percentage of the working population will be older than age of 60 years. Process of population aging in China compared to the aging in U.S. population has the following characteristics: First, enter the old society for a long time; the U.S. list of countries into old age has lasted 70 years. Second, the slow development of an aging population in Western countries at the middle level. On the one hand due to higher fertility rates, 2005 U.S. total fertility rate was 2.0 , partly because the United States absorbs a large number of young immigrants , to some extent alleviated the U.S. population aging process. Third, large proportion of the elderly population is elderly. As the population increased life expectancy, the proportion of elderly population in the United States will continue to improve. In the aging population has been increasing in the process, the United States in response to population aging has...
Words: 1930 - Pages: 8
...2014). According to our textbook the Discovery method is usually applied to identify one deviation, or a low level of deviation of specific occurrence such fraud, a 3% deviation rate of the population seems on target with this method. If any discrepancies are found, however, other methods may need to apply, since this method is usually use for low risk probabilities (Finley, 2010). 3. There are different methods for selecting a sample; random sampling, systematic selection, haphazard selection, and stratification (Whittington & Pany, 2014). In choosing a sample size, the auditor is determining it by three factors, the tolerance rate, which is the highest deviation level, the population size, and the expected deviation level. A sample of either 80 or 100 seems small for a population of 10,000. Whittington and Pany (2014) state that "The size of a sample has a significant effect upon both the allowance for sampling risk and sampling risk... the wider the allowance we allow, the more confident we may be that the true population characteristics is within it." Choosing a smaller sample and the upper deviation rate may not give the most accurate results for low risk. 4. Te deviation rate of 10,000 invoices, with 100 samples was 8%, this makes the deviation rate ±5, with a low of 3 and a high of 13 in qualitative terms, Baker estimated the upper deviation rate at 14. This rate, however still falls in the below the maximum category, which means the controls have a high risk, not...
Words: 693 - Pages: 3
...BRIEF REPORTS Greater Risk of Dementia When Spouse Has Dementia? The Cache County Study [See editorial comments by Dr. Peter P. Vitaliano, pp 976–978] Maria C. Norton, PhD,abc Ken R. Smith, PhD,de Truls Østbye, MD, PhD,fgh JoAnn T. Tschanz, PhD,bc Chris Corcoran, ScD,ci Sarah Schwartz, MS,ci Kathleen W. Piercy, PhD,ac Peter V. Rabins, MD, MPH,j David C. Steffens, MD,k Ingmar Skoog, MD, PhD,l John C. S. Breitner, MD, MPH,mn Kathleen A. Welsh-Bohmer, PhD,g for the Cache County Investigators OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of caring for a spouse with dementia on the caregiver’s risk for incident dementia. DESIGN: Population-based study of incident dementia in spouses of persons with dementia. SETTING: Rural county in northern Utah. PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand four hundred forty-two subjects (1,221 married couples) aged 65 and older. MEASUREMENTS: Incident dementia was diagnosed in 255 subjects, with onset defined as age when subject met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised, criteria for dementia. Cox proportional hazards regression tested the effect of time-dependent exposure to dementia in one’s spouse, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: A subject whose spouse experienced incident dementia onset had a six times greater risk for incident dementia as subjects whose spouses were dementia free (hazard rate ratio (HRR) 5 6.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5 2.2–16.2, Po.001). In sex-specific analyses, husbands had higher risks ...
Words: 5331 - Pages: 22
...1 Chapter 1 NATIONAL SURVEY OF THE PERCEPTIONS OF SELECTED SCHOOL BOARD MEMBERS REGARDING THE QUALITY AND CONDITION, MAINTENANCE, AND IMPROVEMENT AND RENOVATION OF EXISTING PUBLIC SCHOOL FACILITIES Introduction The quality and condition of existing public school facilities have been a topic of growing concern among educators across the country. Each year, the cost of maintenance, and improvement and renovation needed to maintain public schools continues to increase (Earthman, 1994). National studies conducted during the last fifteen years clearly indicate rising costs. In 1983, a random survey of school administrators in thirty-three states and the District of Columbia was undertaken by the American Association of School Administrators (AASA). This study was also supported by the Council of Great City Schools and the National School Boards Association (NSBA). A previous study was completed twenty-three years earlier in 1960 by AASA. The 1983 report revealed that at least $25 billion would be needed to address facility maintenance, and improvement and renovation needs, not including funds needed for new construction (AASA, 1983). The study reported “ . . . schools throughout the nation, particularly those in the older inner cities, have deferred billions of dollars of repairs” (p. 13). Six years later (1989), the Educational Writers Association (EWA) published its study, Wolves at the Schoolhouse Door. This study analyzed information received from twenty-eight state departments...
Words: 2090 - Pages: 9
...PSY 304 Lifespan Development Prof. Pamela Vincent May 18, 2015 How do our bodies and minds change from early to late adulthood? As we age does our mind simply begin to deteriorate in the same fashion as our body does in regards to it physical capabilities? Have you wondered what affect does peri and post-menopause have in relation to memory decline in women? Is dementia directly related to cognitive aging? All of these conditions have one thing in common, they all occur as the human body starts to age into late adulthood. Aging from early to late adulthood has an interconnected negative impact both mentally and physically on the human body but physical activity can help protect against cognitive decline. First we need to understand physical and cognitive development and the stages associated with early and late adulthood. Then we will examine the age related decline in mentalizing skills; how cognitive aging is related to dementia; and how aging is related to peri and post-menopause and it effects has on the body. Physical changes as the body ages from early to late adulthood are predictable and undeniable. Physical Development depends on maturation, or the biological unfolding of growth. Every individual has a schedule built into his or her genes that controls both the timing and degree of physical growth and decline. Bone growth and deterioration, the strengthening and weakening of the hear...
Words: 2178 - Pages: 9
...Chapter 1 – Study Questions: 1. What are the four key features of the lifespan perspective as identified by Paul Baltes. Provide original examples for each feature. (pp. 4-5) Paul Baltes identified 4 features of the life-span perspective: 1. Multidirectionality: development involves both growth and decline – as people grow in one area they may lose in another and this may occur at different rates Ex: (Book): people’s vocabulary abilities tends to increase throughout life, but reaction time tends to slow down. Ex: (original): Language acquisition. At a young age children are able to learn multiple languages very quickly. However, as they get older, their ability to learn multiple languages quickly becomes more difficult. Social situations. At a young age children are not able to understand complex social situations such as parents fighting or divorce or financial problems between their parents. As they grow up and age, they begin to understand these social situations and deal with them. They may comfort a parent through a hard time, or go get a job to help with the financial situation. 2. Plasticity: One’s capacity is not predetermined or set in concrete. Many skills can be trained or improved with practice, even late in life. There are limits to the degree of potential improvement Ex: (original): Your IQ is not predetermined. You’re ability to play a sport is not predetermined. With practice and dedication you can improve your ability to play the sport. However...
Words: 5072 - Pages: 21
...Rybarczyk, B., Lopez, M., Benson, R., Alsten, C., & Stepanski, E. (2002). Efficacy of two behavioural treatment programs for comorbid geriatric insomnia. Psychology and Aging, 17(2), 288-298. Rybarczyk et al. (2002) found that the literature addressing geriatric insomnia provides evidence of the efficacy of several behavioural treatments, but that most research with this population has excluded those with comorbid medical illness. Thirty-eight geriatric patients with comorbid insomnia and medical illness participated in this randomised controlled trial, which allocated them to either cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT), home-based audio relaxation treatment (HART), or delayed-treatment control conditions using stratified random allocation. Seven self-rate or self-report and one actigraphy measures assessed between- and within-group differences at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 4-month follow-up. The CBT included weekly group sessions with behavioural and cognitive components, relaxation training, and sleep hygiene education. The HART participants received audiotape recordings with four relaxation and sleep-training programmes and a guidebook with behavioural components. Control participants completed the same interval assessments as the treatment groups and were offered HART at the end of 6 months. The study found differential improvement between the CBT and control groups at post-treatment and follow-up on five of seven sleep measures and a clinically significant...
Words: 635 - Pages: 3
...institutions; in one study, 36 percent of nursing home staff stated that they had witnessed at least one physical abuse incident with an elderly patient (Nelson, 2002). Clearly, elder mistreatment or abuse of the elderly is a growing social occurrence. Unfortunately, our elder population is considered to be easy targets because they are perceived to be fragile and defenseless. Elder abuse is defined as representing all types of abusive behavior or mistreatment toward an older adult; this includes acts that are intentional or unintentional. Abuse takes many forms ranging from financial exploitation, scams, physical acts of violence, along with neglect and psychological abuse. There is no common pattern of elder abuse, acts can be performed by random strangers, to...
Words: 2493 - Pages: 10
...provided by a witness or the victim, is likely to be the only available source of a face of the suspect. Using the sketch to search a large database of mug-shot face photos is also a heterogeneous face recognition problem. Thus it is interesting to study the HFR as a relatively new topic in biometrics. In this article, several specific HFR problems are presented, and various approaches are described to address the heterogeneous face matching problems. Some future research directions are discussed as well to advance the research on this emerging topic. Introduction “Biometrics is about the identification of humans by their characteristics or traits, which include both physiological and behavioral characteristics.” Biometrics is about the identification of humans by their characteristics or traits, which include both physiological and behavioral characteristics. Physiological traits are related to the...
Words: 7690 - Pages: 31
...1.Search Strategies are important in narrowing down your field, and to determine that you get the correct search parameters that you are looking for. There are numerous strategies that can be used to research literature online using the PsycINFO database. The best way to start a search is to determine the specific research questions in order to guide the search, using key terms and parameters. It is also important to determine all synonyms, alternate terminology and any word variations to narrow your search. The use of Boolear Operations such as the words; “and”, “or” will change the search results. Using the word “and” between each search term will give results that contain all the search terms, where using the word “or” between search terms will give results that contain at least one of the search terms. Focusing your search using limiters such as the document type, methodology, publication type and year are helpful search strategies to use in conjunction with the afore mentioned strategies. Using a variety of search strategies is important to limit your search to make it as efficient and effective as possible. When I first started the basic search I used the words pet ownership, beneficial, and health. The search options I used were to find any of my search terms, publication year 2005-2015, and English. This search generated 572 116 results. There were too many results to determine the relevance of these search results. I then used a basic search again using all the...
Words: 4050 - Pages: 17
...The intent of the journal was experimentation to venture into age-related circumstances over the lifespan of development, this was an aspect that was previously constrained to specific developmental stages. Additionally, the article was informative in a variety of other postural control factors as well as age-related circumstances; other information was gathered that distinguished a variation between genders, and bodily characteristics (e.g., BMI, body mass) as well as a variation regardless of the sex. Method: Previously, other experiments would take a small number of subjects to generate their data and it would be a detriment to their results. The methods seen in this experiment called for 1724 subjects (737 men and 987 women), all of which they collected from the surrounding institutions. All of the subjects who had participated established a criteria of being asymptomatic, no medical problems (injury/diagnosis), and no disorders of any kind. Additional criteria for the older persons dealt with evaluating previous medical history, falling episodes within the past 6 months, independent living situation, and ability to mobilize on their own. The study measured postural regulation using the Interactive Balance System (IBS); the system used four...
Words: 1204 - Pages: 5
...ROBUST DESIGN Seminar Report Submitted towards partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Aerospace Engineering) By SHYAM MOHAN. N (Roll No. 02401701) Under the guidance of Prof. K. Sudhakar Prof. P. M. Mujumdar Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay–400 076 November, 2002 ABSTRACT The underlying principles, techniques & methodology of robust design are discussed in detail in this report with a case study presented to appreciate the effectiveness of robust design. The importance of Parameter design & Tolerance design as the major elements in Quality engineering are described. The Quadratic loss functions for different quality characteristics are narrated, highlighting the fraction defective fallacy. The aim of the robust design technique is to minimize the variance of the response and orthogonal arrays are an effective simulation aid to evaluate the relative effects of variation in different parameters on the response with the minimum number of experiments. Statistical techniques like ANOM (analysis of means) and ANOVA (analysis of variance) are the tools for analyzing the data obtained from the orthogonal array based experiments. Using this technique of robust design the quality of a product or process can be improved through minimizing the effect of the causes of variation without eliminating the causes. Fundamental ways of improving the reliability of a product are discussed...
Words: 12307 - Pages: 50
