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Rattlesnake Venom

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1/15/12
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Rattlesnake Venom

The venom from the common western diamondback rattlesnake is a Hemorrhagic toxin. The toxin is produced within the snake and then injected through the fangs into its victims blood stream. This toxin is usually quite potent and has a complex chemical composition to it. The snake’s venom is quick acting so it proves quite dangerous to human health.

The common rattlesnake venom is made up of combinations of proteins that range from hemotoxins, which separates cells and tissues, to neurotoxins and anticoagulants that might cause respiratory paralysis or arrest of the circulatory system. Rattlesnake venom has good uses too, we use it to better understand the toxins within it and make anti-venoms for it.

The complex toxin in rattlesnake venom goes to work fast, showing its presence quickly but which can be a positive if you have the needed tools to treat the bite and the venom. It will be easy to find the puncture point because the victim will usually have a strong pain feeling coming from the wound/bite.

The victim will have a lot of trouble breathing. Then they will get blurred vision and unable to keep their eyelids from drooping or sagging they will get discolored skin, might likely around the bite/wound. They will get destruction of the skin tissue around the bite/wound.

The victim of the rattlesnake bite will eventually start vomiting uncontrollably. They may also suffer from strong nausea and will have a difficulty standing. The patient will start bleeding a lot around the bite/wound. Checking the victim’s blood pressure, a low blood pressure is a good sign the venom is spreading. Check his/her pulse, it should be lower than normal. The victim might also suffer from some paralysis so check if the person can still move around and his/her motor functions are working properly.
Commonly, usually such a snake venom leads to paralysis or a loss of muscle control, but it can also disrupt the individual signals sent between neurons and muscles. Such venoms can also hit the body's stock of ATP, its a nucleotide which is important in power transfer between cells. The toxins in a neurotoxic venom works to corrupt the function of the nervous system and brain. lots of cytotoxic venoms also can spread through out the body, enhancing muscle permeability so the venom can move quickly.

The venom might also go for the heart muscle with the hope of causing death. When somebody is bitten by a rattle snake with some hemotoxic venom, the toxins typically acts to lessen blood pressure and enhance chances of blood clotting. Cytotoxic venom is made to cause massive tissue death, which is why a few people have to have the bitten limb cut off after being so chewed up, because the venom has chewed away the tissue. Many cytotoxic venoms can also spread through the body, increasing muscle permeability so that the venom can penetrate quickly.

Sources

"Rattlesnakes." Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum. Web. 16 Jan. 2012. . Russell, Findlay Ewing. Snake Venom Poisoning. Great Neck, NY: Scholium International, 1983. Print.

"How to Treat Rattlesnake Bites - (DesertUSA)." Desert Biomes by DesertUSA. Web. 16 Jan. 2012. .

"Snake Bite Poison - Symptoms, Emergency, What to Do - NY Times Health Information."Health News - The New York Times. Web. 15 Jan. 2012.

"How Does a Rattlesnake's Venom Work." The Q&A Wiki. Web. 15 Jan. 2012.

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