Premium Essay

Regionalization

In:

Submitted By emugambi87
Words 7058
Pages 29
State theory

Marxists argue that the state serves the dominant classes in society. The state is "the executive committee of the bourgeoisie". In capitalist society the state rules primarily in the interest of the capitalist class. For example the state takes as its top priority increasing economic (i.e., business) activity, when it is clear that this is now accompanied by a falling quality of life and by environmental destruction. The state's most important characteristic is that is has the power to coerce members of society; e.g., to jail, fine or execute, and to make war. Marx claimed that the state will cease to exist when society becomes classless. He seems to have meant that the coercive apparatus, e.g., police and army, will not be necessary because these function primarily to enforce rules which benefit the dominant classes, but there will still be a need for bureaucracy to look after organisation and planning.
Although Marx and Engels never put forward a unified presentation of the theory of the state, their conception of the state is a fundamental aspect of their outlook, and of what has since come to be called Marxism. In fact, theories of the state constitute critical facets of all totalitarian credos, not just the Marxian. After all, a given ideology may be overwhelmingly totalitarian in underlying logic, but if it lacks a focus on using the state as the means of transforming society—that is, of imposing its ideas—its totalitarianism will remain implicit. It is the same with Marxism. While Marxism contains many propositions that imply totalitarianism, it is Marx and Engels' view of the state that renders their theory totalitarian in practice. This is most evident in their argument that the state, in the form of the dictatorship of the proletariat, is the chief weapon in the struggle to establish communism.
Unfortunately, the totalitarian nature

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Regionalization

...REGIONALIZATION Regionalization is a form of restructuring. Restructuring can be a tool that systems use to maintain long-term capacity. Regional economic integration means agreements among countries in a geographic region to reduce and ultimately remove tariff and nontariff barriers to the free flow of goods, services and factors of production between each other. Agreements designed are believed to produce gains from trade for all member countries. Trade blocs can be stand-alone agreements between several states (such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) or part of a regional organization (such as the European Union). Depending on the level of economic integration, trade blocs can fall into different categories, such as free trade areas, customs unions, common markets, economic and political unions. In a free trade area, barriers to trade between members’ countries are removed, but each country determines its own external trade policy. Centralizing production in those locations within the area where the mix of factors costs and skills is optimal being practice. In a custom union, internal barriers to trade are removed and a common external trade policy is adopted. A common market is similar to a customs union, except that a common market also allows factors of production to move freely between countries. An economic union involves even closer integration, including the establishment of common currency and the harmonization of tax rates. A political union is the...

Words: 439 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Regionalization Fire Services

...Regionalization of Fire Services In the U.S. and even across the globe, rural volunteer fire departments have joined together to great career departments and/or crews. Due to there being many problems volunteer fire departments face: funding, manpower, equipment, support, etc. the regionalization of fire departments would greatly benefit small communities, ensuring that a response by emergency personnel will be dispatched immediately, day or night, any day of the week.. In the U.S. in particular, many counties in each state have had not just fire services, but also ambulance and police services merge in order to ensure an automatic response for emergencies. There are many problems that would need to be addressed and solved in planning a...

Words: 1106 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Discussion Questions

...way to weighing international strategic. The assessment includes environmental scanning and continuous monitoring to keep abreast of variable around the world that are pertinent to the firm and that have the potential to shape its future by posing new opportunities. Environmental scanning is the process of gathering information and forecasting relevant trends, competitive actions, and circumstances that will affect operations in geographic areas of potential interest. Scanning should focus on the future interests of the firm should cover the following major variables. 6. Discuss the relative advantages of globalization versus regionalization/localization. Advantages of globalization versus regionalization/localization while globalization supports integration of different cultures, countries and societies across the globe; on the other hand regionalization or localization encourages economic and social harmony limited to a certain Geography such as North America or Europe. Globalization allows many organizations to expand their business across the...

Words: 422 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Mtv Arabia Review

...Background Information: MTV (short for Music Television), which pioneered the concept of a cable music channel, was launched on August 1 1981. At the time of its launch, the MTV channel primarily catered to those in the 12 to 24 age group, airing heavy metal and rap music, although it expanded into several different niche markets through the establishment of alternative channels, such as VH1 and Nickelodeon, in conjunction with airing reality TV shows. In 1986, MTV was acquired by Viacom inc. and started to expand its operations through the global marketplace through a “Think Globally, Act Locally” strategy. The channel MTV Arabia was formed as a result of a licensing arrangement between MTV and AMG. MTVN (MTV Networks) launched MTV Arabia on November 17, 2007, in partnership with Arabian Television Network (ATN), which is part of the Arab Media Group’s (AMG) Arabian Broadcasting Network (ABN). According to analysts, MTV’s success in the Middle East was contingent upon a tactical balancing between delivery of international quality music and the culturally sensitive environment prevalent in the region. The Fundamental Management Issue: The key fundamental issue within the MTV case study is to determine whether localisation is needed to be successful in the market in conjunction with maintaining the MTV global brand and product. This is an issue since the market that MTV was entering, the Arabian market, presented a different cultural and socio-ethical construction from which...

Words: 1298 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Essay

...Regional Strategy Final Exam Professor Robles Jin Won Jeong Dec 12, 2014 1. Regional Strategy: According to the readings for session #1, a very few multinationals are truly global. a. What are the bases for the claim that most multinationals are regional? The primary bases for the claim that most multinationals are regional are first the extraction of revenue by many “global” multinationals is confined to a region as opposed to the entire world, and second the similar market environment within certain region makes regionalization much more practical than globalization. First, Revenue generation in terms of geographic location is limited to specific regions or area, oftentimes geographically proximate regions. Rugman’s research uses the term home country to refer to the phenomenon that the home country diamond among countries in the same region is more similar to one another than the diamonds between a country in home country region and foreign country region. Therefore, adjacent markets are more likely to be similar to one another in in terms of business environment than home and foreign markets. More specifically, referring to the table 1 in the Rugman’s research, amongst fortune 500 firms, many have much higher intra-regional sales than foreign sales. This means that truly global, having penetrated the global market, multinationals are not common. Second, similar market environment within certain regions makes the exchange of products and services take...

Words: 3158 - Pages: 13

Premium Essay

International Management

...Chapter 6 1. What is strategy? What is strategic planning? * Strategy = the basic means by which the firm competes * Strategic planning = The more complex than domestic strategic planning because of more complex variables a. List the reasons a company would have if it wants to operate internationally. Have a two reasons a company would have is it wants to operate internationally . Which is Reactive/Defensive & Proactive/Aggressive Reactive/Defensive * Globalization of competitors * Trade barriers * Regulations and restrictions * Customer demands Proactive/Aggressive * Economies of scale * Growth opportunities * Resource access and cost savings Incentives b. List the seven steps in the strategic management process. * Define/clarify mission and objectives * Assess environment for threats, opportunities * Assess internal strengths and weaknesses * Consider alternative strategies using competitive analysis * Choose strategy * Implement strategy through complementary structure , system and operational processes * Set up control and evaluation systems to ensure success, feedback to planning 2. What is environmental scanning? What areas are most commonly focused in environmental scanning? Environmental scanning is a process that systematically surveys and interprets relevant data to identify external opportunities and threats. An organization gathers information about the external world, its competitors...

Words: 746 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Discussion Question Chapter 6

...weighing international strategic. The assessment includes environmental scanning and continuous monitoring to keep abreast of variable around the world that are pertinent to the firm and that have the potential to shape its future by posing new opportunities. Environmental scanning is the process of gathering information and forecasting relevant trends, competitive actions, and circumstances that will affect operations in geographic areas of potential interest. Scanning should focus on the future interests of the firm should cover the following major variables. 3. 4. Discuss the relative advantages of globalization versus regionalization. Advantages of globalization versus regionalization/localization while globalization supports integration of different cultures, countries and societies across the globe; on the other hand regionalization or localization encourages economic and social harmony limited to a certain Geography such as North America or Europe....

Words: 285 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Information System

...Abstract ;This research paper has been divided into three parts, introduction encompasses the meaning of Regional Integration and Globalization, the second part trying to examine the notion whether regional integration and globalization compliment or contradict each other and the last part provides general view on the notion. Regional Integrations refers to the process where by political actors in several distinct National settings are persuaded to shift their loyalties, expectations and political activities towards a new Centre, whose institutions possess or demands jurisdiction over pre-existing national state (Haas 1968:16). Under these perspective integrations involves the process through state surrender sovereignty freely to the new political entity purposely to cooperate in achieving political, social and economic goals. As Linderberg 1971:46 proclaimed that regional integrations does not emphasize only in the political dimension but also take place in the field of economics, security and environment. There are five stages which are necessary for any regional integration to pass through these are; Free trade areas, custom unions, Common Market , Common Currency and Political Union. The few examples of regional integration in Africa and Europe are as follows Southern Africa Development Community (SADC), Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), Economic Community of Western Africa States (ECOWAS) , European Union (EU), North Atlantic Free Trade Area(NAFTA)...

Words: 1763 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Management

...also provide consumers with a means for communicating with the company. Express the process of environmental assessment. What are the major international variables to consider in the scanning process? Discuss the levels of environmental monitoring that should be conducted. Environmental assessment is the process of gathering information and forecasting and evaluating information about variables and events around the world that may pose threats or opportunities to the firm. Environmental scanning is the process of gathering information and forecasting relevant trends, competitive actions, and circumstances that will affect operations in geographic areas of potential interest. Discuss the relative advantages of globalization versus regionalization /...

Words: 314 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Globalization

...Evaluate the significance of key drivers in the globalization of the world economy. Why do some commentators argue that the international business environment has become more regional than global? What would be the implications for production strategies of companies if this is the case? Whenever we listen to it on the news, read it inside the newspapers, catch people chatting about it, the phrase globalization looks like it has a different meaning. So the question, what exactly is globalization? What are the key drivers? How does it affect international business? Through describing the importance of globalization for international business and investigating main ideas of the international business atmosphere, above questions will be answered. Until we have an understanding of some drivers of Globalization we may not be able to see how the business or firms --- as an individual and collectively --- will be like in the future. After that we will begin to understand the changes in the stages of a firm which will come out as a result of this globalization. Globalization is the changes in world economy around the globe due to the rapid changes in technology. Globalization can be explained as a course of action by which the people around the world are interconnected and unified into one society and working side by side. It is a mixture of economic, technological, socio cultural and political forces. As a phrase globalization, is quite often used to relate to economic globalization...

Words: 2970 - Pages: 12

Premium Essay

Transit Time Analysis

...Amazon Warehouse, ship method is the parent shipping method of the carrier like UPS_NEXT, and destination refers to the country & postal code combination. Transit Times are configured in the following ways –  Business Configured • SLA – Contractual agreement with the carrier • Default – Default configuration, usually carrier supplied • Override – For exceptional cases (weather, strike, etc.)  Transit Time Monitor (TTM) Calculated • Calculated – Predicted using historical data On the request of business users, TTM first gathers details of observed business transit times for a ship method at post code level and creates a histogram. Then it regionalizes the area of observation into logical groups having similar Transit Times using the regionalization algorithm (Appendix II B) & fitness function (Appendix II C) to provide as output (Appendix II D) the predicted Transit Time for OD tuples at different surety levels – IND1 to TX zip code through UPS_GR_RES Surety Level 90% 95% 100% Transit Time 24 48 72 III. Problem Statement Firstly, we receive customer complaints on not getting their packages on the estimated date of delivery calculated using the Transit Time System. Secondly, the business users complain that they get inconsistent results from the Transit Time Monitor. Thirdly, inaccurate Transit Times make the DEA of carriers look better or worse than their actual performance. So essentially, customers, carriers & business users are not able to have complete trust on our...

Words: 3556 - Pages: 15

Premium Essay

Essy

...self-sufficient. Usually the term is applied to political states or their economic systems. Balance of power is a distribution of power in which no single nation is able to dominate or interfere with others. Imperialism is the policy of extending a nation's authority by territorial acquisition or by the establishment of economic and political hegemony over other nations. Indigenization means to transform things to fit the local culture. Most changes in original culture occur when western corporations impose their products on other economies, Westernizing. German problem is basically refers to the difficulty of finding Germany’s place in the international system. Regionalization is the process of dividing an area into smaller segments called regions. One of the more obvious examples of regionalization is the division of a nation into states or provinces. Expansionism: A nation's practice or policy of territorial or economic expansion. Imperial overreach is a hypothesis which suggests that an empire can extend itself beyond its ability to maintain or expand its military and economic commitments. Hard power is the use of military and economic means to influence the behavior or interests of other political bodies. Soft power is a persuasive approach to international relations, typically involving the use of economic or cultural influence. Mutually assured destruction is a US doctrine of reciprocal deterrence resting on the US and Soviet Union each being...

Words: 804 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Revisio

...What is strategy? What is strategic planning? a. List the reasons a company would have if it wants to operate internationally. b. List the seven steps in the strategic management process. 2. What is environmental scanning? What areas are most commonly focused in environmental scanning? a. What is the difference between environmental scanning at the multinational level and the regional level? b. Describe the various sources of information that are available to managers. 3. What is a SWOT analysis? How is it used in strategic planning? a. What are the two levels of strategic alternatives that a firm must consider when competing internationally? b. Compare and contrast globalization and regionalization. 4. Describe the strategies of globalization and regionalization. When can each strategy be used most effectively? Chapter 7 1. What is global alliance and why should a company seek a global alliance over other forms of market entry? a. What motivates a company to develop a cross-border alliance? . b. Briefly explain FIVE (5) challenges in implementing global alliances? 2. What is the "dual nature" of strategic alliances? a. What are the benefits of outsourcing abroad? What should firms do when implementing a global sourcing strategy? 3. What is international joint venture control? Why is it important? a. Describe the process of knowledge management in international joint ventures. b. What are some of the complexities of managing and implementing...

Words: 659 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Rohingya Problem

...The purpose of the research is to discuss possible security threat across the borders happened due to the ethnic conflict of Myanmar. In this era of globalization, internal factors of a state can produce some external impacts on other neighboring countries; which is commonly known as a “spillover effects” in political science. Some cases even become so much critical to solve, that the whole continent become affected by the problem. The impact of that ethnic conflict becomes so vulnerable, that the case has not been concealed nationally but also become an international phenomenon. In my case, the problem has become a huge threat to national and international security system. The hypothesis of the paper is to conducting possible security threat across the borders, particularly in the whole south-Asian region. The ethnic violence in Myanmar has some direct impact on social, political and economic processes at national and international levels. In fact, the conflict can result not only in destabilizing the trade and security of Myanmar, but also of the surrounding states. But my concern is focusing the ongoing security issue inside and across borders due to that conflict. That’s why, I think this is a very urgent matter to study and its totally connected with the problem of IR. (Koser 2005, pp- 12) International communities could not able to present perfect legislation or implement new constitution for that particular case so far in order to address the problem of security threat...

Words: 2298 - Pages: 10

Premium Essay

Organizational Behaviour

...also answers the basic question of why it exists. Creating a mission statement is a group effort which will include Board Members, present and past officers staff, members, donors, and constituents can provide valuable input during the creative process. When developing a mission statement, one should think of what the organization is trying to accomplish and not necessarily how it will get it done. The mission statement is important as it provides the direction and focus needed for making decisions and implementing those decisions. Myer’s mission statement is unreasonable since it says producing clothes for all ages at a high price. In the writer’s point of the view, it should make the type of clothes more accessible to sell and get regionalization from the customers. Therefore, the better mission statement is created as follows. Myer's mission is to offer quality, name brand western wear in an assortment of sizes and styles to accommodate all varying body styles and shapes. To be specific, our objective is to earn 75% market share and become the largest retailer of children’s wear clothes in UK. To achieve name recognition in the local children community, receiving a 50% profit margin within the first year and a net profit of $63,000 by second year and $89,000 by third year, having a customer base of 1,000 by the end of the first operating...

Words: 260 - Pages: 2