...Ciara S. Lawrence April 17, 2011 Research Paper (Draft) Professor Jeffries Introduction: HIV/AIDS is an epidemic that has become widely spread in the United States which has become a major public health issue around the world. There are around 1.2 million people living with HIV/AIDS and 400,000 new cases every year.[] In the U.S. today women make up more than 300,000 of the 1.2 million people with HIV/AIDS.[] Being that AIDS is the leading cause of death in black people throughout the U.S.. Black people make up 13 percent of the population, but 65 percent of new HIV/AIDS cases. Whereas black women are still dispportionate infected for more than sixty-six percent of HIV/AIDS cases in the country with a rate of infection fifteen times higher than white women and four times higher than Latinas. Considering the aforementioned, it is not difficult to conclude that most of the new cases pinpoint a major disparity between black women and women of other races. Cultural environmental and other factors that exacerbate the problem are high numbers of black men going to prison, the effects of the black church and the lack of government resources. In my research paper, I will identify the causes of HIV/AIDS and suggest solutions to prevent the spread of this disease among black woman. According to Mayo Clinic the definition of Human immunodeficiency virus is a virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in which the immune system in the body begins to fail causing...
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...Phoenix HCS-545 Cheryl Bly April 16, 2012 Health Law and Regulations Paper Federal regulatory agencies have been created over the life of the United States to deal with specific issues that affect citizens of all states or industries that engage in business across state boundaries. Federal regulatory agencies generate and enforce rules (eHow Money, 2012). The law dictates their work. Regulatory agencies enforce federal laws and generate rules. These rules are necessary for effective enforcement. There has been a challenge of rapidly rising costs in relation to qualify of outcomes. We have an insurance system that is costly and inadequate for those who really need it. We are faced with the high cost of new technology along with artificial restrictions on the supply of drugs. We also have uninformed or unnecessary needy consumers. These are some of the issues faced. The government is involved but there involvement is with controlling the drugs and insurance and medical industry advertising. This form of spending would bring costs down. The purpose of this paper is to take a closer look at the health care regulatory agency, The Center for Disease Control. The Center for Disease Control creates tools to protect the health of people. They educate on prevention of disease, injury and disability. They work on preparing the public for new health threats. They detect and investigate health problems; conduct research to enhance prevention; foster safe and healthful environment and provide...
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...Autistic children Autism is no longer seen as a rare disease; new statistics show that thousands of children are born each year with the brain disorder, autism. Unfortunately, many families may remain in the dark for years before autism is properly diagnosed and treated. Recently, new research is helping people get a greater understanding of the causes and nature of the disorder, which should lead to better treatment for kids. New information also shows that early diagnosis is very important, and that several genes may be involved. Genetic studies along with imaging studies may lead to biologically based diagnostic techniques that could help speed detection and allow early, more effective intervention (Briggs, 2006). This paper will talk about the genetic make-up of the disease, how many children suffer from Autism, characteristics, diagnosis, causes, symptoms, and treatments. My goal is to tell people more about this terrible disease that affects thousands of children. Introduction What is Autism? Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior (Ardnt, 2005). These signs all start to happen before a child is three years old. Autism affects information processing in the brain by changing how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize (Levitt, 2005). It is one of three recognized disorders in the autism spectrum (ASDs), the other two are Asperger syndrome, which...
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...Autism is no longer seen as a rare disease; new statistics show that thousands of children are born each year with the brain disorder, autism. Unfortunately, many families may remain in the dark for years before autism is properly diagnosed and treated. Recently, new research is helping people get a greater understanding of the causes and nature of the disorder, which should lead to better treatment for kids. New information also shows that early diagnosis is very important, and that several genes may be involved. Genetic studies along with imaging studies may lead to biologically based diagnostic techniques that could help speed detection and allow early, more effective intervention (Briggs, 2006). This paper will talk about the genetic make-up of the disease, how many children suffer from Autism, characteristics, diagnosis, causes, symptoms, and treatments. My goal is to tell people more about this terrible disease that affects thousands of children. Introduction What is Autism? Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior (Ardnt, 2005). These signs all start to happen before a child is three years old. Autism affects information processing in the brain by changing how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize (Levitt, 2005). It is one of three recognized disorders in the autism spectrum (ASDs), the other two are Asperger syndrome, which slows down cognitive...
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...Sentence Renee Oliver-Evers COM/156 March 25, 2012 Raymond Gentry Choriocarcinoma: Not a Death Sentence Choriocarcinoma, or also known as Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD), is a very rare and malignant type of tumor. According to Spickler and Oberleitner (2011), Choriocarcinoma develops from genetically deformed germ cells which usually produce sperm or eggs (pp.1012-1014). Research shows no exact causes for the development of Choriocarcinoma (GTD). Early research shows that Choriocarcinoma was almost always found to be a fatal disease. There are no known means of prevention for this disease. According to Spickler and Oberleitner (2011), although Choriocarcinoma has the capability to metastasize extremely fast, there is a high possibility of a complete cure or remission even if the disease has been diagnosed in later stages of development even with metastases (pp.1012-1014). My research will show that it is not a dismal death sentence for those diagnosed with it. Choriocarcinoma (GTD) is primarily found in women during their childbearing years however it has been diagnosed in men as well. This paper will concentrate on the causes, risk factors, and forms of treatment in women. Doctors have no exact explanation for the development of Choriocarcinoma (GTD), though there are many risk factors. Some of the leading causes are an ectopic pregnancy where the fetus...
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...Vaccines: The Right Choice? Alex Hauke Walmart Pharmacy Abstract This research paper takes an in depth look at the question of whether vaccines are the right choice when it comes to your health and staying healthy. Opposing views say that vaccines are unsafe and pose more risks than benefits, this paper explores those claims using rebuttable sources and helps readers to better understand vaccines and what their benefits and risks are. Most believe that the benefits of vaccines far outweigh the risks but some still have doubts and some very rare cases of vaccines causing disease have added to this doubt. This paper explores the world of vaccines in an effort to educate the less knowledgeable. Research Findings Introduction The history of vaccines begins with the long history of infectious disease in humans, and usually it is reported that the origin goes back as far as Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine, 400 B.C. He described diphtheria, mumps, and epidemic jaundice among other conditions (Hussein, et al. 2015). The earliest methods of immunization and protection against smallpox dates back to about 1000 A.D., and are attributed to the Chinese. It has been said that the son of a Chinese statesmen was inoculated against smallpox by blowing powdered smallpox sores into his nostrils. Another way of inoculation was the removal of fluid from the sores of an infected person and then rubbing it into a cut or scratch of a healthy individual. It took almost six centuries...
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...Beonka Robinson April 24, 2012 Women’s Studies 301 Anorexia A common disease afflicting an enormous number of young Americans is anorexia. While other mischiefs are characterized by the over consumption or the misuse of a product, anorexia is described as an anti-consumption behavior. In this paper, I will discuss what anorexia is, who takes part in it, how it related to race/ethnicity, and the effects of mass media. Anorexia is an eating disorder defined by excessive food restriction, illogical fear of gaining weight, and a misleading negative body self-perception (Nogal & Lewinski, 2008). The disorder naturally consists of extreme weight loss. It is frequently developed during adolescence and early adulthood. People with this disorder constrain the amount of food they consume because of the fear of gaining weight to live up to the delusion of a “perfect person” which does not exist. This causes metabolic and hormonal disorders that may cause long-term effect to the body (Carlson & Heth, 2007). Anorexia is a medical term for the lack of appetite. On the other hand, people with anorexia do not lose their appetites. It has many complex allegations and may be thought of as a constant illness that may never be truly cured, but only managed over time. Anorexia is characterized by low body weight, inappropriate eating habits, and obsession with having a thin figure. Those who suffer from it may also practice repeated weighing, measuring, and mirror gazing, in conjunction...
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...| Research Paper Part 1 – Introduction & Body Paragraphs | EN 1320 | | Anthony Brown | Week 8 | | Myasthenia Gravis (pronounced My-as-theen-a Grav-us) derived from the Greek and Latin words and it means “grave muscle weakness.” Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal (voluntary) muscles of the body ("National institute of," 2012). The prevalence of MG in the United States is estimated to be about 20/100,000 people ("What is myasthenia," 2010). MG is a rare but very serious disease and many people who have been diagnosed do not recognize the symptoms. If detected early, MG can be treated successfully with, if any, very little side effects in the future. Once diagnosed with MG, that person must go through a drastic life change; Enduring rigorous treatments depending on how aggressive the disease has become, possibly undergoing a life threatening surgery, and living with myasthenia gravis for the duration of their life. “Muscle weakness caused by MG progresses as the effected muscle is used repeatedly. Since symptoms typically improve with rest, but your muscle weakness may come and go” (Staff, 2010). The first signs and symptoms of MG are ptosis and diplopia. “Ptosis is a drooping of the upper eyelid. The lid may droop only slightly, or it may cover the pupil entirely” (What is ptosis?, N.d.). “Diplopia (double vision) is a common subjective complaint, or diplopia may...
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...Huntington's Disease Essay: By Jasmine Mongeon Huntington's disease is an inherited disease characterized by the degeneration of the central nervous system, which ultimately results in abnormal movements and mental deterioration. The genetic abnormality consists of expansion in the trinucleotide repeat CAG in the HD gene on chromosome 4, which codes for the normal protein huntingtin. The HD gene is an autosomal dominant condition which means that only one parent must have the gene in order for a child to inherit HD. Huntington's disease results in abnormal movements and mental deterioration. Each child of an Huntington's disease parent has a 50% chance of getting the Huntington's disease. If the child does not inherit the Huntington's disease...
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...Infectious Diseases: The Greatest Crisis of the world ____________ A Thesis Presented to The Division of The Arts and Sciences Voorhees College ____________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science ____________ Acknowledgements I am whole-heartily thankful to my Professors at Voorhees College for their tremendous effort in my maturilication through Voorhees College. Lastly I would like to acknowledge all of the people who had any hand in the completion of this thesis. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION * What are infectious Diseases? * Types of infectious diseases * Worldwide distribution of infectious diseases * * CHAPTER 2: THE LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH IS THE WORLD * Top Countries * Top Diseases * CHAPTER 3: MOST DISEASES ARE PREVENTABLE * Why are statistics so high * Minorities prevalence, morbidity, and mortality * How to prevent yourself from being a statistic * Understanding the emotional burden brought upon families who suffer from infectious Diseases * * CHAPTER 4: TRANSMISSION OF DISEASE: COUNTRY TO COUNTRY * Thorough testing while entering and exiting countries * Childhood and adult Immunizations * * CHAPTER 5: FOOD BOURNE PATHOGES * How do they affect America...
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...Throughout history, the human race has always fought against diseases and famine. But it seemed like they found a way to fight back by use of vaccinations when Edward Jenner created the first smallpox vaccine in 1796. As the years go on, vaccinations have become a major controversial topic since many believe they may be able to trigger disabilities and cause side effects, even though they save countless lives. The Centers for Disease Control recommends children get vaccinations from birth to age six but there happens to be no federal law that make vaccinations mandatory, though all 50 states require specific vaccines for children entering the public school system. Though there are many pros to vaccines, many people believe they can lead to health problems. In the following research paper, they will all be presented and discussed. Vaccines, the development of medicines, and hospitals have helped humans...
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...Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a rare genetic inherited syndrome. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome affects the connective tissues, which provide support to the skin, bones, blood vessels, and other organs of the body. There are six types of EDS hyper mobility, classical, vascular, kyphoscoliosis, arthrochalasia, and dermatosparaxis. Some types are so severe that people can’t participate in any sport activities or any physical activity. The two major types of EDS are Classical EDS and Hyper mobile EDS. These two types make up 90% of all EDS cases. Eduard Ehlers, a Danish physician, and Henri-Alexandre Danlos, a French physician, first described EDS. I chose Ehlers Danlos syndrome because I have it and wanted to learn a little bit more about it. I also wanted to see if there are any nutritional things I can do to improve my condition. I was diagnosed with EDS when I was 15. I kept dislocating my shoulder and was in a lot of pain, so I went and got an MRI. It turned out I didn’t have a tear, the doctor sent me to get tests done to see if I had EDS. I went through the physical tests and blood samples and found out I had Hyper mobility EDS. The symptoms of hyper mobility EDS are: chronic dislocations, easily bruised, stretchy skin, joint pain. Another symptom of this type of EDS is subject to frequent injury, week bones and chronic fractures. After hearing all of this it made sense since I have all of those symptoms. Ehlers Danlos Syndrome is a new disease that currently has no cure. The...
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...following paper I go in depth explaining what schizophrenia is. I discuss how you can live with schizophrenia and its challenges. There are three different types of treatments that is discussed in the reading such as hospitalizations, medications and psychotherapy treatment. Thesis Statement Due to society individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia often are told they are not able to neither live independently nor take care of themselves. What is schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disorder that has affected people throughout history. Individuals that are diagnosed with schizophrenia have mental disorders that have in common such symptoms as hallucinations, delusions, blunted emotions, disordered thinking, and a withdrawal from reality. ("Schizophrenia (psychology) | Encyclopedia Britannica," 2014) Individuals with schizophrenia may not make any sense when they talk. They may sit for a considerable length of time without moving or talking. At times individuals with schizophrenia appear to be flawlessly fine until they discuss what they are truly thinking. Schizophrenia is the single largest cause of admissions to mental hospitals and accounts for an even larger proportion of the permanent populations of such institutions. Causes No single reason for schizophrenia has been secured or even recognized; be that as it may, there is solid proof that a blend of hereditary and natural components assumes an essential part in the improvement of the disease. Scientists...
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...! ! ! Ziyao “Ryan” Li FWIS 194, Final Paper Dr. Ben Wright The End Of The World As I See It When I started to form tiny fractions of memories, China’s booming economy, its open-door policy, and big social reforms began taking places as it leaped into the 2000 millennial. All these changes lead to a more vivid and intermixing culture where novel lifestyle, alternative thoughts, and "non-traditional" religions like Christianity can thrive. I was lucky to be standing at the crossroad where China started to embrace different cultures and various religions. Thanks to the opened-up culture atmosphere, I was exposed to the clash of cultures between western ideology and traditional Confucianism thoughts. The word “apocalypse” was not even in my dictionary previously until Hollywood introduced it to me in the most dramatic ways I could possibly imagine, and ever since my speculation of the Apocalypse never stopped evolving. From more unrealistic predictions involving in zombies, Godzilla, and DNA-modified prehistoric killer dinosaurs, to more practical speculations like nuclear war and ozone depletion, I was constantly updating my Apocalypse view. With my increasing understanding of the mechanism of how the world functions as a whole, I realized that a global hot war is imminently possible since politics can exert a strong influence on the global situation. In a sense, the transformation China experienced was a direct result from the power of politics. In this essay, I will establish...
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...At the age of two months old my brother was diagnosed with meningitis in the year of 1978. He had a fever of 104.0 and was taken to St.Christopher’s hospital but then after a few hours was released by staff, stating there was nothing more that they could do. My mother then took him to CHOP Children’s Hospital Of Philadelphia where they immediately started running test on him. The results were in. the doctor’s had concluded that he had a rare case of meningitis, and would need to stay in the hospital for a while before they could find a cure or treatment. In the mean time the staff did everything they could to break the fever, and once it was broken they realized something. My brother wasn’t making any sounds or noises even when they called his name. The social worker came into the room, and spoke to my mother regarding our experience at St.Christopher’s hospital.She was told to speak to a lawyer at once to take legal action for the safety of her child. My mom was grateful to the staff and she thanked them for saving my brothers life. The Er nurses and doctors explained to us that he would have died if he hadn’t come to the Er the time that he did. This is a very serious condition and at this time very less about it was known. Several weeks later the fever finally dropped and stabilized but his hearing was lost. This was such a big transition for us to adjust to but, without knowing how we were going to communicate...
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