Premium Essay

Research Paper On Voltaire

Submitted By
Words 431
Pages 2
Voltaire French philosopher and writer Francois-Marie Arouet or Voltaire was the greatest figure of the enlightenment. He became a "star of salons” because of his intelligence and his witty banter. He offended people because of his ideas, and went to jail for a year because he satirized the French government. To avoid going to jail again, he escaped to London. There he grew a deep admiration of English government, especially their freedom of thought and religious tolerance. He read Locke and Newton, which influenced his thinking on God and the government. He went back to France and wrote his book, Lettres Philosophiques which held England as a model civilization and implied that France was inferior to England. This book caused Voltaire to …show more content…
He personally was a deist, he believed that there was a God or a creator, but this God doesn’t intervene in the world. Voltaire didn’t want religion to be forced upon anyone. He fought for religious tolerance, especially against the Catholic Church. He was forced to leave France multiple times because of his outspokenness against religious intolerance. He wrote that France would be better off without formal religious institutions and that there are no countries that haven’t been scarred by religious conflict in A treatise on toleration

GOVERNMENT Voltaire believed that government should allow its individuals to have freedom of thought, religion, press and political freedom. Voltaire believed that individuals had the right to have any religion, thought, or idea as long as they abide by the laws. He was influenced by the English government and especially their political freedom and religious tolerance. He believed that the main influences in the human mind are the government and religion. He wanted to change the government to allow it to be more nurturing to the growth of the human mind. He wanted to change the government so that everyone would be equal in his or her own

Similar Documents

Free Essay

English

...Nilson Carroll ART 353 Research Paper The Dada Text In July 1916, as the Great War raged across Europe, Hugo Ball read aloud the first Dada manifesto at the Cabaret Voltaire (Ades, Caberet 16). In typical Dada hyperbole, the manifesto made wild claims about the power of the word Dada and how it indicated a new tendency in art and literature. The manifesto, and the many that were written after it, identified and combated what the Dadaists saw as the bourgeois corruption that had caused the war and diluted art into something worthless. Through written manifestos, Dada poetry and collage, wild forms of theater and new ideas on visual art, Dada found a common voice among several different groups of artists from across Europe and in New York. Today, Dada is understood as an art movement, chronologically somewhere in between Futurism and Surrealism. Yet, Dada cannot be understood simply as a visual art movement, but instead as a literary movement. Rather than through painting or sculpture, Dada is best understood through the text, manifestos, poetry, and magazines produced by the Dadaists. Dada visual art by artists like Francis Picabia, Marcel Duchamp, or Hans Arp do not rely on traditional formal elements of art, but rather on the titles of the works. Dadaists have more in common with their contemporary, poet Guillaume Apollinaire, than with any painter, and they are more concerned with Symbolist poets Arthur Rimbaud and Comte de Lautréamont than with modern painters Édouard Manet...

Words: 2082 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Curriculum Vitae for Ojt

...IB Assessment Preparation Packet World Lit Paper 1 = 10% Purpose for World Literature Paper 1: You will write a comparative study of at least two of the works in Part I. The aspect selected must focus on some pertinent link between the chosen works and may reflect the interest of the candidate. The paper must be at least 1000 and no more than 1500 words. It should be appropriately documented. Everyone in a given class will have a different topic. Text Choices for World Lit paper: You may choose two of the following: Siddhartha, Hesse Candide, Voltaire A Doll’s House, Ibsen (if you don’t use it for the presentation) The Stranger, Camus General Types of Topic Choices for Essay: Topics may be based on any aspect(s) of the work(s) studied: • cultural setting of the work and how it and related issues are reflected • thematic focus as reflected in craft • characterization techniques • technique and style • author's attitude to particular elements of the work(s) such as character, subject, form, setting, narrative technique • international perspectives on common human problem (essay) • cross-cultural perspectives on the artist’s role in society • interpretation of particular elements from different perspective Focus for Paper: Your focus will depend on the nature and scope of your topic. The sophistication of literary criticism expected in elaborated in your rubrics. You will be expected to show: • thorough knowledge...

Words: 863 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

World History

...|Objectives | | |By the end of this lesson, students will be able to: | | |describe the scientific method and its effect on Western Europe | | |distinguish between the scientists Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton, and Harvey and their works | | |compare the political theories of Hobbes and Locke | | |explain how science and philosophy influenced one another during the Enlightenment | | |explain the term enlightened despot, using the model of Frederick II of Prussia | | |Click here for the course glossary | | |Click here for a Timeline of The Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution | | |This lesson discusses European society between 1600 and 1800--an era marked by the power of ideas and rational | | |thinking. The term Scientific Revolution is used to describe the growing acceptance and influence of the scientific| | |method and the belief that...

Words: 7624 - Pages: 31

Premium Essay

Hist 417 Complete Course - Devry ( Assignments - Dqs and Final Exam)

...to the webliography. Provide an overview of the website and assess its usefulness for research. You must choose a different site than your classmates, so check what has been posted before adding your own. Grading Rubric Description Possible Points Usefulness of site for research 10 Quality of written description 10 Grammar/spelling 5 Total Week 2 Reflective Paper Choose an individual: Sir Isaac Newton, Descartes, Bacon, Spinoza, Locke, Hume, Hobbes, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, Adam Smith, Immanuel Kant, Hegel, Edmund Burke, Owen, Edward Baines, Chadwick, John Stuart Mill, Comte, de Tocqueville, Fourier, Saint-Simon, de Maistre, Feuerbach, or Herbert Spencer. Write a 500-word reflective essay connecting the individual to a TCO for the course. Papers are required to contain at least two outside resources and the textbook. All sources need to be cited using APA citation. The paper should have at least five in-text citations using proper APA format (no URLs for in-text citations). Week 3 Webliography Activity Find websites devoted to Nietszche, Freud, Einstein, psychoanalysis, new physics, and other topics covered in the two chapters above and post it to the Webliography (see tabs across the top of the course shell). Provide an overview of the website (in your own words, nothing copied from the site) and assess its usefulness for research for this class. You must choose a different site than your classmates,...

Words: 1191 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Fgsgfds

...HISTORY 4C: WESTERN CIVILIZATION: 1715-PRESENT Description of the Course: This course surveys the history of Europe from the beginning of the 18th century until the end of the 20th century. We will study major political, economic, social and intellectual developments that affected European societies during that time period and changed lives of people throughout the world. Major themes of the course will include the French and Industrial Revolutions, emergence of ideologies such as liberalism, nationalism and socialism as well as their practical impact on politics and culture, the rise and fall of European global dominance, wars and revolution of the 20th century. Goals of the Course: I. Understanding Historical Heritage of our Civilization: The major purpose of this course is to familiarize you with heritage of the western civilization and help you understand significance of its impact on contemporary world. This class will aim to illustrate how the past impacts people’s lives in the present and how our actions, ideas, and self-image are shaped by historical developments. II. Acquiring Critical Thinking: History consists of more than just memorization of names, dates and narratives of historical events. Although knowledge of factual information is imperative, it is important to realize that history is interpretation of facts, trends and ideas. Therefore, neither professor nor Teaching Assistants will give you “right” or “wrong” answers. Instead, another major...

Words: 3131 - Pages: 13

Free Essay

Factors

...History of Politics A Research Paper Presented to The class of Miss Rhoda Mae R. Navasquez Southern Cotabato Academy, Inc. In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Subject English IV by Jeison L. Omandam December 01, 2011 INTRODUCTION Political history is the description and analysis of significant political occasions, movements, thoughts, and leaders. Typically it is developed around the nation states. It is distinguished from but relevant to other areas of history such as economic history, social history, and military history. Usually, political history discusses events pertaining to nation-states and the political process in particular. As per Hegelian doctrine, Political History ‘is a perception of the state with a guiding force beyond the material benefits of its subjects: it meant that the state was the root factor of historical change’.  This differs with one, for example, social history, which predominantly discusses the events and lifestyles of common folks, or people’s history, that is historical account from the view point of a lay person. A study of political history typically centers on a single nation and its political change and aggrandizement. A few historians highlight the ever increasing drift toward confined specialization in political history over the course of recent decades: ‘wherein a college professor in the 1940s resorted to identify himself as a “historian”, by the 1950s “American historian” was the designation.’ Political...

Words: 1803 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Re: Week 9 Discussion

...Assignment 2 Problem Solving Scenario 2 Your child comes home from school with an assignment sheet for a school project When faced with a problem, what do you do to solve it? This assignment asks you to apply a six-step to problem solving process to a specific problem scenario. You will write a paper that presents a synthesis of your ideas about solving the problem using this systematic approach. As Voltaire said, "No problem can withstand the assault of sustained thinking." Scenario 2 Your child comes home from school with an assignment sheet for a school project. He / she is very excited about the project and begins work immediately, doing research on the Internet and gathering materials. You read over the assignment sheet and notice that your child is not including all of the required items in the project, and you have some ideas for how to improve the quality of the presentation. You recently read an article in a parenting magazine about the importance of a child developing responsibility for his/ her own learning. You recall the many ways in which your parents took over your school projects. You, on the other hand, want to encourage your child’s confidence in his / her ability to complete a project independently. The next day, you are at the grocery store when you see a parent of a student in your child’s class. That parent has spent over $30 in supplies for the science project and is taking a day off of work to put the pieces of the project together. ...

Words: 1254 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Relocation of Tog 10 to Butuan

...CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING 1.1 INRODUCTION Headquarters Tactical Operations Group 10 is presently located in Lumbia airport in Cagayan de Oro City. However, its present location will be utilized by the 15th Strike Wing as their new airbase (see MOA signed between DOTC and DND). In this connection TOG 10 is likewise proposed to be relocated at Bancasi, Butuan City. TOG 10 is the Philippine Air Force unit in Northern Mindanao. Its primary mission is to plan, control and coordinate the employment of air power in its area of responsibility. Its specific functions include: determining tactical air requirements in its AOR; exercising operational control and supervision over all Air Force units deployed and/or attached thereat; conducting tactical air operations within area of responsibility; performing forward air control missions; performing airfield operations and service support functions; performing Civil Military Operations (CMO) within its AOR; and performing other functions as directed by Division Commander, 3rd Air Division (Mission and Function, TOG 10). However, due to the MOA signed between DOTC and DND which state that “DOTC – CAAP will develop the PAF’s airbase at Major Danilo Atienza Air Base (MDAAB) in Sangley Point, Cavite City as CAAP’s general aviation operations hub to decongest the heavy air traffic at Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) thereby resulting to better aviation services for the general public.” And likewise direct DND – PAF...

Words: 1885 - Pages: 8

Free Essay

History of the Illuminati Master Conspiracy W/ Annotated Bibliography

...to begin with a definition of the concept. Conspiracy is a human activity involving more than one person. The parties to this activity are advancing basically the same or common objectives, and are advancing objectives which, by very reasonable standards, are personally harmful, evil or destructive. And, finally, they're doing all this either in secret or without fully advertising in advance what they're planning to do, and certainly not to their potential victims. It is also important to note that the definition says the parties to a conspiracy are doing the same things, or advancing common objectives, but not at all necessarily are they all doing so for the same personal reasons or motivations. So the essential focus of conspiratorial research should be on the actions of individuals, not merely their backgrounds or organizational affiliations. Down through the ages there have been many secret societies and conspiratorial movements desired absolute rule of the world, the overthrow of all existing governments, and the final destruction of all religion. It is possible to trace the origins and developments of these many movements, such as the early anti-Christian mysticism of the Gnostics; the conspiracy against orthodox Islam and for world power that was founded by Hasan Saba in Persia in 1090 A.D. as the Order of the Assassins; the Catholic Order of the Knights Templar, whose heretical leaders imitated the Assassins' system for the destruction of Christianity. During the thirteenth...

Words: 5399 - Pages: 22

Premium Essay

Philippine Catholic

...but when one commits a sin it not only hurts that one person but the people and the Church.... [tags: Catholicism, What Catholics Believe, informative] 1922 words (5.5 pages) $14.95 [preview] Catholic religion - CATHOLIC RELIGION To belong to the church one must accept as factually true the gospel of Jesus as handed down in tradition and as interpreted by the bishops in union with the pope. The most important thing in this divine tradition is the Bible, its text determined and disseminated by the church. The church, according to the Roman Catholic catechism, is the only Christian body that is “one, holy, catholic (universal)”. The doctrine of apostolic succession is one of the key parts of the Catholic faith.... [tags: essays research papers] 748 words (2.1 pages) $14.95...

Words: 9141 - Pages: 37

Premium Essay

French Revoulution

...Special Presentation H i s t o r y. c o m A dethroned king, a flamboyant queen, the storming of a fortress prison and the terror of the guillotine – the French Revolution has all of the ingredients of an engrossing drama. Yet to delve beneath the surface of these characters and symbols is to discover the complexity of this transformative era. The events of the French Revolution, transpiring over the span of a decade, were part of a grander Age of Revolutions and at the same time were comprised of a series of smaller stories of individual French citizens becoming politically engaged amidst tremendous poverty, intellectual transformation, and ultimately... violence. A combination of factors including rising expectations spurred by the Enlightenment, massive starvation, and frustration with the mismanagement of an inept monarchy pushed the Revolution’s initial aims. These aims were worn down as political conflicts splintered revolutionary groups and led to a frenzy of executions by guillotine. The special two-hour presentation, The French Revolution, peels through the layers of these remarkable years, from 1789 through the turn of a new century, to reveal an era of intense and lasting political and intellectual change. While the complexity of the French Revolution might seem to present daunting challenges, its significance in shaping international currents merits a careful exploration. Within the course of a decade, the French monarchy was shorn of its political power, a framework...

Words: 2819 - Pages: 12

Premium Essay

House

...Improve housing finance access for poor – study May 28, 2015 9:15 pm by VOLTAIRE PALAÑA REPORTER * * * A POLICY paper by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) is calling for the creation of a more favorable environment for housing finance in the country, as well as the adoption of appropriate policies and mechanisms to correct housing market dysfunctions. One of the underlying issues with housing policies in the Philippines, for instance, is the traditional perception that a housing finance system is based primarily on the provision of government subsidies, resulting in a highly-segmented and unsustainable program that does not benefit those who deserve it most. PIDS senior research fellow Dr. Marife Ballesteros noted in her latest study on urban housing subsidies that, despite policy changes through the years, the public sector housing program still does not address the problems on scale. Ballesteros explained that subsidies for housing programs, whether through upfront grants, government direct funding, low interest mortgages, tax exemptions or underpriced risk insurance, could have been put into more efficient use by the government. “Overall, direct subsidy to the low-income housing sector has been limited,” said Ballesteros, adding that in an effort to reduce losses from financial transactions, government has further restricted financing to the low-income sector through lower exposure of funders and the higher loan ceilings on socialized...

Words: 2914 - Pages: 12

Free Essay

Nao Sei

...THE ART OF PERFORMANCE A CRITICAL ANTHOLOGY edited by GREGORY BATTCOCK AND ROBERT NICKAS /ubu editions 2010 The Art of Performance A Critical Anthology 1984 Edited By: Gregory Battcock and Robert Nickas /ubueditions ubu.com/ubu This UbuWeb Edition edited by Lucia della Paolera 2010   2  The original edition was published by E.P. DUTTON, INC. NEW YORK For G. B. Copyright @ 1984 by the Estate of Gregory Battcock and Robert Nickas All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review written for inclusion in a magazine, newspaper or broadcast. Published in the United States by E. P. Dutton, Inc., 2 Park Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 79-53323 ISBN: 0-525-48039-0 Published simultaneously in Canada by Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited, Toronto 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 First Edition Vito Acconci: "Notebook: On Activity and Performance." Reprinted from Art and Artists 6, no. 2 (May l97l), pp. 68-69, by permission of Art and Artists and the author. Russell Baker: "Observer: Seated One Day At the Cello." Reprinted from The New York Times, May 14, 1967, p. lOE, by permission of The New York Times...

Words: 38936 - Pages: 156

Premium Essay

Capital Punishment: a Historic Review

...specific. General deterrence seeks to influence individuals prior to the commission of a crime through fear of the known penalty. Specific deterrence focuses on seeking to impose punishment on the individual for lesser crimes in attempts to deter repeating or escalating criminal behavior. Incapacitation serves to remove individuals from society to ensure the safety of its members [3]. Capital punishment, commonly referred to as the death penalty, is the most extreme form of punishment imposed on an individual. It is currently defined as “the execution of a convicted criminal as punishment for the most serious of crimes [2]. Despite its current definition, its use throughout history has not always been so clearly defined and limiting. This paper will serve to discuss capital punishment and its application across time and the world. Application and Evolution Even before recorded history, early man formed tribal societies. These tribes were necessary to ensure survival in their sometimes harsh environment. Food, shelter and protection were afforded with increased numbers and banishment or shunning of an individual was used as man’s earliest implementation of a death sentence. Although they did not actively execute the individual, loss of position in tribal societies were, in...

Words: 2947 - Pages: 12

Free Essay

Boredom: a Study

...BOREDOM : A STUDY SUBMITTED BY: SHRIYA KALRA B10110 INTRODUCTION: “Work spares us from three evils: boredom, vice, and need” French philosopher Voltaire The word bored first was used in the English language in a private letter by the Earl of Carlisle to articulate his pity in 1768. Bore symbolizing a thing that bores made its first appearance in the English language 1778. Bore meaning a tiresome person emerged in 1812. The first citation of the noun boredom occurred in 1864, less than a century and a half ago. The word ‘boredom’ has emerged only recently in the English, which suggests that boredom experience in prior eras was not as prominent a part of the society as in the contemporary times Boredom researcher Orin Klapp has documented an enormous increase in the use of the word “boredom” between 1931 and 1961.a study of west Germany found, that between 1952 and 1978, the percentage of the population who considered boredom “a great problem” in filling leisure time showed a jump of almost 50%. The past half-century, particularly the last decade, has seen an expanding chronicling of the power of boredom in impelling and shaping behaviour. Newspaper stories and...

Words: 3464 - Pages: 14