...China Microfinance Industry Assessment Report By He Guangwen, Du Xiaoshan, Bai Chengyu, and Li Zhanwu China Association of Microfinance Feb. 17, 2009 This report has been jointly accomplished by Prof. He Guangwen, Director of Rural Finance and Investment Research Center of China Agricultural University (CAU), Prof. Du Xiaoshan, Deputy Director of Rural Development Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) and Chairman of Board of Directors of China Association of Microfinance (CAM), Mr. Bai Chengyu, Director of Division III of China International Centre for Economic and Technical Exchange (CICETE) and Secretary General of CAM with the support of the Network Strengthening Program (NSP) of CAM. Mr. Li Zhanwu, Division Director of Ministry of Human Resource and Social Security, Dr. Li Lili of Henan University of Finance and Economics, Dr. Zhang Zhengping, Associate Professor of Beijing Technology and Business University, Dr. Yang Jing of Beijing Material College, and Li Yaning, Yang Lu and Wang Dan from CAU have also joined the research work. Besides, this report has obtained the guidance and assistance from Ms. Wang Dan, Managing Deputy Secretary General of CAM, and the experts of SEEP. Mrs. Wang Li, President of Social Responsibility Department of Citi China has provided strong administrative and professional support. Hereby, special thanks should be given to the above fellows. For more information, pls contact Prof. He Guangwen at heguangwen@sina.com 1 ...
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...STUDIES IN BENIN CITY BY GLORY PSC0709051 IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B.SC) DEGREE IN POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BENIN DECEMBER, 2015. CERTIFICATION This is to certify that the exercise here by described in the research work was carried out behind the Faculty of Physical Science, University of Benin, under my supervisor. ____________________ ____________________ Dr. B.E. Iyorzor Date Project Supervisor ____________________ ____________________ Dr. E.O Aiyohuyin Date Head of Department DEDICATION I dedicate this project to Almighty God who has always giving me the grace and privilege financially and otherwise to do this project and to my lovely family, who gave me moral courage in the cost of writing this project. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This completion of this work would not have been possible if not for the support which I received from many people. My thanks to my project supervisor Dr. B.E. Iyorzor for his priceless advise he gave me through the period of the study and for his criticism which have valuable in the arrangement of this work. Sincere appreciation goes to my Mother Mrs. Porsha dada, sibling and to the entire members of my family for been supportive financially, morally and otherwise throughout my study in the...
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...Table of Contents Chapter one: Introduction 5 1.1 Background of the study 5 1.2 Necessity of Microfinance to people 6 1.3 Statement of the Problem 7 1.4 Rationale of the Study 7 1.5 Objectives 8 1.6 Methodology 8 1.7 Limitation of the study 9 chapter two: Literature Review 10 2.1 Micro-Finance 10 2.2 Microfinance and microcredit 10 2.3 The History of Microfinance 11 2.4 Providers and models of microfinance interventions 11 2.5 Microfinance and its impact in development 14 2.6 The impact of microfinance on poverty 16 2.7 Current debates on the impact of microfinance in development 18 2.8 Empowering Women 23 2.9 Impacts beyond the household 26 2.10 The use of the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework in impact measurement 27 2.11 Current debates about MFIs and their role in development 29 Chapter Three: A Glimpse of The Microfinance Sector in Bangladesh 33 3.1 Micro-Finance’s History and Development 33 3.2 Evolution of MFIs financing sources 34 Chapter four: Data Analysis and Interpretation 37 4.1 Hypothesis & Model 37 4.2 Respondents Information (Frequencies & Cross-Tabs) 38 4.3 Results of the Regression Analysis for Hypothesis One 43 4.4 Results of the Regression Analysis for Hypothesis Two 45 Chapter five: Findings And Conclusions 47 5.1 Findings 47 5.2 Scope for Further Research 48 5.3 Conclusion 48 References 50 Appendix - A 52 Appendix - B 55 List of Figures Figure 1:Conceptual...
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...EFFECTS OF MICROFINANCE CREDIT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTEPRISES IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO CUEA, GABA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELORS DEGREE EFFECTS OF MICRO FINANCE CREDIT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTREPRISE IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA BY KIBET K DENNIS BCOM/GC/543/11/12 RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO CUEA, GABA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELORS DEGREE DECLARATION Declaration by the Student I, the undersigned, declare that this project is my original work and that it has not been presented in any other university or institution for academic credit. KIBET K DENNIS BCOM/ GC/543/11/12 Signature.................................................... Date.................................... Declaration by the Supervisors This research project has been submitted for examination with our approval as university supervisors. Dr. Gedion Omwono Catholic University of Eastern Africa, GABA Campus Signature.................................................... Date.................................... ABSTRACT This study discusses...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Many people in developing countries neither have their own bank accounts nor are they able to take out loans, transfer money or insure their families against risks such as illness, accident or death. In most cases, access to these financial services that are so central to sustainable development are either denied or made very difficult. Consequently, people frequently have no choice but to resort to local moneylenders who charge usurious rates of interest or use informal and, therefore, insecure ways of performing transactions such as payments and money transfer. The above is reflected in the quotation by the past Secretary-General of the United Nations: ‘‘The stark reality is that most people in the world still lack access to sustainable financial services, whether it is savings, credit or insurance. The great challenge before us is to address the constraints that exclude people from full participation in the financial sector. Together, we can and must build inclusive financial sectors that help people improve their lives (United Nations, 1997).’’ With almost thirty per cent of the country's population living in poverty, the Government of Ghana clearly faces an enormous challenge to reduce poverty especially in the three northern savannah regions where there is the greatest concentration of poor people. To achieve rapid and sustainable reduction in poverty, it is necessary to have an integrated policy with the various...
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...of Real Estate and Construction Management Real Estate Management Thesis no. 91 Master of Science, 30 credits How to apply microfinance activities in the developed world - a case study in New York City Author: Sofia Bredberg Sara Ek Stockholm 2011 Supervisor: Han-Suck Song Master of Science thesis Title How to apply microfinance activities in the developed world – a case study in New York City Sofia Bredbeg & Sara Ek Real Estate and Construction Management Han-Suck Song Microfinance, poverty alleviation, financial sustainability, developed world, microfinance programs, empowerment, Grameen America, Acción USA, Project Enterprise Authors Department Master Thesis number Supervisor Keywords Abstract This study strives to examine how microfinance activities can be successfully applied in the developed world. This is done through a field study in New York City. Throughout interviews and observations with three of the largest actors in New York: Acción USA, Grameen America and Project Enterprise, as well as interviews with their clients, the lending processes and key characteristics of the organizations have been mapped. Furthermore, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York has been interviewed on the general opinion of microfinance in the US. Previous theory elaborates on some of the major challenges with implementing microfinance activities in the developed world, such as lack of funding and cultural differences hindering the lending processes to be carried...
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...Cairo University Faculty of Economics & Political Science Post graduate studies Economic Department Finance for Growth and Role of SMEs An Application to Egyptian Case Prepared by: 1- Amr Hassan Elkady 2- Nashwa Mohamed Hussein Presented to: Prof. Hala El-Saied 2010 In September 2004, the Financial Sector Reform Program was launched and endorsed by the Government of Egypt at the highest political level. The five pillars of the program are reforming the banking sector, restructuring the insurance sector, deepening the capital markets, developing a well functioning mortgage market, and activating other non-bank financial institutions and services. The program aims at improving the soundness of the financial sector and promoting an enabling environment for an efficient, competitive and agile financial system that serves Egypt’s development and growth objectives. The progress and pace of the Egyptian Financial Sector Reform Program have been commended at home and abroad. However, we still have some way to go to fully reform the sector and address its main challenges; one of which is ensuring better access to financial services which is imperative to economic growth and development. Improving access to finance allows businesses, especially small and medium...
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...The impact of microfinance on the socio-economic lives of market women in Koforidua metropolis CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INFORMATION INTRODUCTION This chapter entails the introductory aspect of the whole work. It is made up of the background of the study, statement of the problem, purpose of study, objectives of the study, research questions and significance of the study, methodology, limitation and organization of the study. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Micro finance is defined as financial service for poor and low income clients. In practice the term is often used more narrowly to refer to loans and other services from providers that identify themselves as micro finance institutions. The introduction of micro finance is a welcome relief to development of various women organization and agencies in Ghana. One of the social problems that affect socioeconomic development of women in Ghana is how to acquire capital to finance their businesses. In Ghana, women have been discriminated against with regards to access to credit. As a result, women’s economic roles are isolated and unimportant which have subsequent economic and social impact on the country. It is important that women’s economic should be realized. Increasing women’s access to micro finance institutions have initiated a series of economic development and have increased the well-being of women and their families. An area of interest that led to this study is the introduction of micro finance initiative by the government...
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...MBA RESEARCH PROPOSAL TOPIC: FACTORS INFLUENCING THE INCREASE AND DEVELOPMENT OF MICROFINANCE IN THE GHANAIAN ECONOMY NAME: BELINDA AKU ATEPOR INDEX NUMBER: 10224399 SUPERVISOR: DR. CHARLES ANDOH TABLE OF CONTENT Background of the Study ………………………………………….......................................3 Problem Statement ……………………………………………….........................................4 Objectives of the Study ……………………………………………………………………..5 Research Problems ………………………………………………………………………….5 Significance of the Study …………………………………………………………………...5 Literature Review …………………………………………………………………………..6 Methodology …………………………………………………………………………………. Scope and Limitations ……………………………………………………………………...7 Chapter Outline …………………………………………………………………………….8 References…... DEFINITION What Is Microfinance? Microfinance, according to Otero (1999, p.8) is “the provision of financial services to low-income poor and very poor self-employed people”. These financial services according to Ledgerwood (1999) generally include savings and credit but can also include other financial services such as insurance and payment services. Schreiner and Colombet (2001, p.339) define microfinance as “the attempt to improve access to small deposits and small loans for poor households neglected by banks.” Therefore, microfinance involves the provision of financial services such as savings, loans and insurance to poor people living in both urban and rural settings who are unable to obtain...
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...THE EFFECTS OF MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN KENYA: A SURVEY OF MERU COUNTY A Research Project Submitted to the School of Human Resource Development in Partial Fulfillment for the Award of the Degree of Executive Master Of Business Administration of Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology JULY 2013 CHAPTER ONE Introduction 1.1 Background information Several studies show that access to microfinance contributes to poverty reduction, particularly for women participants, and to overall poverty reduction at the village level. It also contributes to women empowerment, including higher levels of mobility, political participation and decision making. According to the State of the Microcredit Summit Campaign 2001 Report, 14.2 million of the world’s poorest women now have access to financial services through specialized microfinance institutions (MFIs), banks, NGOs, and other nonbank financial institutions. These women account nearly 74 percent of the 19.3 million of the world’s poorest people now being served by microfinance institutions. Most of these women have access to credit to invest in businesses that they own and operate themselves. Microfinance programs have been deemed to have the potential to transform power relations and empower the poor—both men and women. As a consequence, microfinance has become a central component of many donor agencies’ and national...
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...nanceGender and rural microfinance: Reaching and empowering women Guide for practitioners Enabling poor rural people to overcome poverty This paper was prepared by Linda Mayoux and Maria Hartl. Linda Mayoux is an international consultant on gender issues in economic development including microfinance. She is currently global consultant for Oxfam Novib’s Women’s Empowerment, Mainstreaming and Networking (WEMAN) programme. Mayoux prepared this paper in collaboration with Maria Hartl, Technical Adviser for Gender and Social Equity in IFAD’s Technical Advisory Division. Annina Lubbock, Senior Technical Adviser for Gender and Poverty Targeting, Michael Hamp, Senior Technical Adviser for Rural Finance. Ambra Gallina, Gender and Poverty Targeting Consultant, also contributed. The following people reviewed the content: Maria Pagura (Rural Finance Officer, Rural Infrastructure and Agro-Industries Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Carola Saba (Development Manager, Women’s World Banking) and Margaret Miller (Senior Microfinance Specialist, Consultative Group to Assist the Poor – CGAP). The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IFAD concerning the legal status of any...
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...Success of Microfinance in Bangladesh: Its Determinants, Impacts & Challenges Chapter- One Introduction 1.1 Introduction: In recent years, microcredit, in its wider dimension known as microfinance, has become a much favored intervention for poverty alleviation in the developing countries and least development countries. There is scarcely a poor country and development oriented donor agency (multilateral, bilateral and private) not involved in the promotion (in one form or other) of a microfinance program. Microfinance programs claim many achievements as its impact and an outside observer cannot but wonder at the range of diversity of the benefits claimed. Although Bangladesh has huge potential for development, it is, for various socio-economic reasons, among the poorest countries in the world. About half of the country's population lives below the poverty line with 80% in the rural areas. The burden of poverty falls disproportionately on women, who constitute half of the total population. Logically, therefore, poverty alleviation and creation of rural employment are top priorities in the development agenda of the government of Bangladesh (GOB) which has adopted a broad based approach to poverty alleviation, emphasizing macroeconomic stability, economic liberalization, and support for a number of government agencies and non-government organizations (NGOs). Substantial progress has been made in implementing the microcredit program (MCP), and the scope for its efficient...
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...“Factors Affecting Non- participation in Microfinance Institution: A Case Study in Bangladesh” [pic] Principles of Banking & Insurance Sec - D Submitted to: Mohammad A. Ashraf Assistant Professor Submitted by: Name: ID# Khaled Md. Masum 111081125 Jesika Haque 111081042 Ismat Jerin Chetona 111083068 Date of Submission: 27/12/2010 Letter of Transmittal 27th December, 2010 Mohammad A. Ashraf Assistant Professor School Of Business, United International University Dhanmondi, Road # 8/A (Old 15) Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh. Subject: Request to accept the report on “Factors Affecting Non- participation in Microfinance Institution” Dear Sir, With due respect and humble submission, we are the student of BBA and we are submitting the report on “Factors Affecting Non- participation in Microfinance Institution: A Case Study in Bangladesh”. It gives us immense pleasure to inform you that we have completed our report under your kind hearted direct supervision. Now, we have placed the report before you for your approval. We hope our report will satisfy you. Sincerely yours, Khalad Md. Masum 111081125 Jesika Haque 111081042 Ismat Jerin Chetona 111083068 Student Declaration This is to inform that the term on “Factors Affecting Non- participation in Microfinance Institution: A Case Study in Bangladesh” has been prepared in the...
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...TERMS * Rural Financial Services Project (Africa Development Bank, German Agency for Technical Cooperation, World Bank): refers to a project being undertaken by the above bodies to provide financial services to the rural dwellers to enhance development. * Credit risk: This refers to the degree to which it is likely that a borrower or debtor may not repay a loan or debt. It also means a particular borrower or debtor perceived by a lender or creditor as being particularly not likely to repay a debt. (Microsoft Encarta 2007). | | | INTRODUCTION Poverty is one of the problems faced by the people living in the rural areas and this largely affects their lifestyles both socially and economically. Along with poverty, many other social problems or issues can be pointed out including unemployment, lack of education, lack of proper governance and over population. These problems are associated with poverty and most of the time regarded as causes or effects. In government’s bid to eradicate poverty from the rural areas, it adopted strategies and one of such strategies is microfinance. Microfinance involves the application of innovative methodologies that make financial services available to relatively poor households and microenterprises. Microfinance can also be termed as the practice of providing financial services including micro credit, micro savings and micro insurance to poverty stricken or poor individuals, such that they are assisted to collect large sums of money...
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...enterprises are also highly rated for employment creation. They are therefore important in Kenya where unemployment and underemployment are estimated at between 25% and 35% respectively. MFI s’ through the provision of credit influence the type of technology adopted by entrepreneurs and even the rate of technology adoption. Small scale enterprises in the agricultural sector play a big role in providing food, income generation and employment creation. The application of technology is vital in enhancing growth and development of these enterprises. Inflation is vital in the growth and development of any MFI. Both large scale and small scale MFI depend on financial organizations for credit in order to raise capital and also finance any development projects. The large scale organizations have found it much easier to access credit from commercial banks and other financial institutions. The micro and small scale enterprises have not been able to...
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