...“My Response to the Ethicist Problem” The writer has been asked to go speed dating with his friend but, is in a relationship. He wants to know if accompanying his friend would be wrong because he is not single, due to the fact that the rules state you must be single. Mr. London states that in technical terms, he is single. Basically he just wants to know if it is wrong to lie and deceive the fact that he is not single and already has a partner. The ethicist starts by says that being single, as he understands, means not merely unmarried but also unattached. By saying that, he is saying that the writer is not single. The speed daters are trying to meet someone to find companionship and the ethicist feels the writer cannot offer that. Going to this event would be extremely deceptive towards everyone there. So not going is the right thing to do but there seems to be one other option for the writer. That is to ask his partner for permission to go with his friend. Possibly to accompany him or, just to know if it is wrong or not to clear his mind of the issue. Asking a question like that to your partner should be presented with a preplanned apology if she takes it the wrong way. I feel the writer should not go with his friend. He says himself that he is a relationship and is happy. Why chance ruining something good in your life? Maybe if he was accompanying his brother or someone else in his family it may be different. But, his friend shouldn’t try to take him to an event...
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...RESPONSIBLE MARKETING Responsible Marketing Customer Inserts His/Her Name Customer Inserts Grade/Course Customer Inserts Tutor’s Name 04, 10, 2012 Abstract Corporate or companies have been for long held responsibly whenever they interfere with the social norms during their production activities. Ethicists have for long been criticizing corporate to ensure that they care about the integrity of the society. Present researches have concentrated most on the results of corporate socially responsibility. This study empirically examines the way responsible marketing contributes to an increase in the costs of operations of a corporate. The results of the study are suggesting that companies cost of operations will continue to increase as long as they continue to invest in responsible marketing practices. Table of Content Abstract 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background of the Problem 1.2 Statement of the Problem 1.3 Purpose of the study 1.4 Research Questions 1.5 Significance of the study 1.6 Assumptions of the study 1.7 Limitations and delimitations 2.0. Review of Literature 3.0 Methodology 3.1 Methods of data collection and analysis 3.2 Validity of data instruments 3.3 Reliability of data instruments 3.4 Generalisability 3.5 Ethical considerations 4.0. Results 5.0. Discussion 6.0. Conclusion and recommendations 6.1 Conclusion 6.2 Recommendations References Appendices List of Table Table 4. 1: A table showing why companies are increasing their investments...
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...The Uses and Abuses of Agency Theory in Business Ethics The spectacular corporate scandals and bankruptcies of the past decade have served as a powerful reminder of the risks that are involved in the ownership of enterprise. Unlike other patrons of the firm, owners are residual claimants on its earnings.1 As a result, they have no explicit contract to protect their interests, but rely instead upon formal control of the decision-making apparatus of the firm in order to ensure that their interests are properly respected by managers. In a standard business corporation, it is the shareholders who stand in this relationship to the firm. Yet as the recent wave of corporate scandals has demonstrated once again, it can be extraordinarily difficult for shareholders to exercise effective control of management, or more generally, for the firm to achieve the appropriate alignment of interests between managers and owners. After all, it is shareholders who were the ones most hurt by the scandals at Enron, Tyco, Worldcom, Parmalat, Hollinger, and elsewhere. For every employee at Enron who lost a job, shareholders lost at least US$4 million.2 Furthermore, employees escaped with their human capital largely intact. Creditors and suppliers continue to pick over the bones of the corporation (which still exists, under Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, and continues to liquidate assets in order to pay off its debts).3 But as far as shareholders are concerned, their investments have simply evaporated...
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...Minh Che Professor Rayala ESL 33A 17 September, 15 Summary and Response In the article “Human Cloning Debate: Why Do It? Who’d Be Hurt? Should It Be Legal?” by Peter Kendall from the Chicago Tribute, the author showed both the pros and cons of cloning. First of all, the author mentioned a man who has genetic problem, so he cannot pass his trait to his next generation. Then, the author made a question to his reader about should cloning be legal and introduce to the world or not. After that, he gave out several facts to support that cloning is good. For instance, it could resurrect prehistoric animals like Tyrannosaurs, or the cloning can create a perfect trait for a baby before she gives birth to a baby. On the other hand, some reporters said that choosing trait for children is reckless. In the article, the author said the unfavorable trait may be created for a baby, which means that there is a small chance that people might fail to make the trait they pick for their children. In addition, creating carbon copies of a human are not succeeded and apply to the businesses because the person will not produce children and die at a very young age. In conclusion, cloning is still a problem for many ethicists because they are still debating. The author pointed out most of the facts on both positive and negative effects of cloning. Also, he had few opinions that make it logical. To me, cloning or carbon copying are still new to the world and we need more advanced technology to enchant...
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...that arises controls your brain and can change how you act or feel. Ultimately changing our character and who we are at the “core”. In addition to striving to attain a deep understanding of complex neural systems and mechanics, neuroengineers use these methods to apply to their research or design to eventually control the brain, thus fully understanding how it works. One research project is going towards trying to find a way to make a mood switch and installing it into the human brain. This is especially beneficial to those suffering from depression. Depression, from a neurological standpoint, is a medical condition in which lowered mood occurs in response to the brain’s not receiving enough neurotransmitters. The antidepressants that are commonly used are not very useful in the way that they don’t target and treat the problem. “When a drug get[s] to the brain, its effects are felt in all parts of the brain.” Some include very dangerous side effects that show just how complicated and sensitive our brains are. And...
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...thing consistently. For example, it would be appropriate to give a keyboarding test to a candidate applying for a job as an administrative assistant. However it would not be valid to give a keyboarding test to a candidate for a job as a physical education teacher. If a keyboarding test is given to the same individual on two separate occasions, the results should be similar. To be effective predictors, a selection device must possess an acceptable level of consistency. Application forms: For most employers , the application form is the first step in the selection process. Application forms provide a record of salient information about the applicants for positions and also furnish data for personnel research. Interviewers may use responses from the application for follow-up questions during an interview. These forms range from requests for basic information , such as names ,addresses and telephone numbers, to comprehensive personal history profiles detailing applicants’ education , job experience skills and accomplishments. Case Study of an Employee Diversity: According to the Uniform Selection guidelines of the EEOC , which establisher standards that employers must need to prevent disparate or unequal treatment, any employment requirement is a test, even a job application .As a result ,EEOC considerations and application forms do not ask questions that are irrelevant to job...
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...Counseling Ethics Christin M. Jungers, PhD, LPCC, NCC is an Associate Professor of Counselor Education at Franciscan University of Steubenville. She obtained her doctoral degree in Counselor Education and Supervision from Duquesne University and has worked in the field as a counselor since 2000. Christin is a licensed professional clinical counselor, as well as a National Certified Counselor. Her clinical work spans a variety of issues and includes counseling with individuals, couples, and families. Currently, she offers pro-bono counseling services in Steubenville and Wintersville, Ohio through the Catholic Diocese of Steubenville. She is the editor of The Counselor’s Companion: What Every Beginning Counselor Needs to Know (co-written with Jocelyn Gregoire), as well as numerous articles. Christin also has conducted trainings abroad in the Seychelles Islands and in Mauritius, which have been aimed at providing consultation to emerging counseling programs. Jocelyn Gregoire, CSSp, EdD, LPC, NCC, ACS has been a Roman Catholic priest for 25 years and has been involved in the counseling field for many years. He is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Counseling, Psychology, and Special Education at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In addition to his doctorate in Education, he holds two other graduate degrees. Through his expertise as a professional counselor, Dr. Gregoire has helped thousands of people across the world in their journeys toward...
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...It is possible to clone mammals. Is it morally acceptable to clone a human being? Defend your answer against those who would not agree with you. By: Martin Pierce Student Number: 1057404 In cloning for medical-research purposes the development of the embryo is halted as soon as a cluster of stem cells develops. The stem cells are then harvested for research purposes. Due to the fact that no infant is born (in fact the embryo never even gets past the blastocyst stage), it is argued that this type of cloning has nothing to do with human cloning. (Hatch Backs Limited Cloning, 2002). For this reason this paper shall take the statement “to clone a human being” as meaning cloning that results in a fully formed human and not on the cloning of embryos for the purposes of research. The issues around cloning are in the main more ethical than theological and yet most of the objections to cloning come from religious sources, even if those objections are not religious in nature. The first objection is that cloning leaves God out of the process of human creation. This only makes sense though if your definition of God is of a being that plays a role in the birth of each member of our species. Even holding to this view it does not necessarily follow that cloning is comparable to playing God (Brannigan, 2001). How can science prevent a supposedly...
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...Dimension In Ethical Dilemma There are a lot of ethical dilemma problems in our society, and need us to give a final comments. By the hard work of finding the results, we find that most of people prefer to solve the problem by using the rules, not moral rules, these are the rules which can keep our society's orders, but we usually forget to use the moral ways to do analysis. We should know that ethical dilemma problems are belong to ethical problems, so we can't drop the trial of using different kinds of sides to see the problems. There are a very old and famous story that almost all the people know in the world --- Adam and Eve. If they followed the rules, they could stay in that heaven world, but if they stole and ate the Forbidden fruit, they could have the happiness of both in spirit and body, and they also could their own children. But if they did this, they also have to face a morality problem. We can treat this problem as a people facing the personal value and social value, which one the person will choose. Everyone knows that the social value is more important, but it is really hard to choose that when we face a big and attractive personal value. In our book, chapter 6, Social Contract, we can know that the ultraism is limited because of people's selfishness, more or less. So the best we can do is choosing the ways to solve problems get as closed as social value, and to accord with social value. Ethical problems are a huge area, and as the economic wave today we have, ethical...
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...Embryonic Stem Cell Research In 1998, the world was introduced to the start of embryonic stem cell research. It has since been the topic of a heated debate between politicians, religious figures, ethicists, theologians and scientists. It raises the question of whether or not the ends justify the means. Many people seem to have a different answer to this question but the overall response from a Catholic position, from an individual and Catholic Church standpoint is loud and clear: embryonic stem cell research is immoral. The sanctity of life is held in high regard in the Catholic tradition, therefore making embryonic stem cell research morally wrong. To justify this, it is important to consider whether or not an embryo is a human from perspectives that are for and against this research, and their justifications. Whilst there is no united Catholic view, drawing from traditional ethics and Catholic principles can give an estimate of the overall Catholic perspective on the treatment of human embryos as opposed to the foreseen medical benefits on the other end of the spectrum. In a broad sense, the use of human embryos is unjustifiable and wrong in the eyes of the Catholic community, no matter how promising the benefits are as it involves the killing of an embryo, and thus by extension, can be regarded as murder. “We value the preciousness of life…as far as IVF embryos are concerned, those who have the responsibility make those decisions, have already made an important ethical decision…the...
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...cases of unintended acceleration surges in the United States for 2008 and forty-one percent of all instances involved Toyota vehicles. Most tragically, sixteen people have been killed in accidents resulting from unintended acceleration in Toyotas and over two hundred-forty have been injured. As a short-term fix, Toyota brand dealers began removing floor mats or fastening them to the floor pan in order to prevent lodging under the accelerator. More recently, dealerships have begun reshaping or shortening accelerator pedals until replacements become available for installation. However, some consumer groups have criticized Toyota’s sluggish and secretive response, and a national class-action lawsuit has been filed against Toyota alleging that the floor mats and pedal layout do not explain the entire cause of the problem. While details surrounding the Toyota vehicle recall continue to emerge, the essence of the situation presents a clear ethical question: how is Toyota Motor Company liable for the unintended acceleration phenomenon? With available information, it is impossible to determine if Toyota Motor Company executives have acted in a...
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...On How to Build a Moral Machine Paul Bello PAUL . BELLO @ NAVY. MIL Human & Bioengineered Systems Division - Code 341, Office of Naval Research, 875 N. Randolph St., Arlington, VA 22203 USA Selmer Bringsjord SELMER @ RPI . EDU Depts. of Cognitive Science, Computer Science & the Lally School of Management, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180 USA Abstract Herein we make a plea to machine ethicists for the inclusion of constraints on their theories consistent with empirical data on human moral cognition. As philosophers, we clearly lack widely accepted solutions to issues regarding the existence of free will, the nature of persons and firm conditions on moral agency/patienthood; all of which are indispensable concepts to be deployed by any machine able to make moral judgments. No agreement seems forthcoming on these matters, and we don’t hold out hope for machines that can both always do the right thing (on some general ethic) and produce explanations for its behavior that would be understandable to a human confederate. Our tentative solution involves understanding the folk concepts associated with our moral intuitions regarding these matters, and how they might be dependent upon the nature of human cognitive architecture. It is in this spirit that we begin to explore the complexities inherent in human moral judgment via computational theories of the human cognitive architecture, rather than under the extreme constraints imposed by rational-actor models assumed throughout...
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...that, Engineering ethics has also various senses which are related to one another. Comparison of the senses of Ethics and Engineering Ethics Ethics 1. Ethics is an activity which concerns with making investigations and knowing about moral values, finding solutions to moral issues and justifying moral issues and justifying moral judgments. 2. Ethics is a means of contrasting moral questions from non-moral problems. 3. Ethics is also used as a means of describing the beliefs, attitudes and habits related to an individual’s or group’s morality. Eg. : Ethics given in the Bhagavat Gita or the Bible or the Quran. 4. As per the definition of dictionaries – ‘moral principles’ is about the actions and principles of conduct of the people. i.e. ethical or unethical. Engineering Ethics 1. Like the ethics, engineering ethics also aims at knowing moral values related to engineering, finding accurate solutions to the moral problems in engineering and justifying moral judgments of engineering. 2. Engineering Ethics gives a total view of the moral problems and how to solve these issues specifically related to engineering field. 3. Engineering ethics is also using some currently accepted codes and standards which are to be followed by group of engineers and engineering societies. 4. Engineering ethics also concerns with discovering moral principles such as obligation, rights and ideals in engineering and by applying them to take a correct decision. From these...
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...copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Springer is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Business Ethics. http://www.jstor.org Loyalty in Business? John Corvino in business ABSTRACT. Discussions of loyalty assume that employees have a prima facie typically one that some duty of loyalty to their companies, in response unethical practices. Ronald denies Duska, however, to Duska, the existence of any such duty. According one does not have an duty of loyalty to a company,...
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...187 Emotional and Psychological Effects of Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia on Participating Physicians Kenneth R. Stevens, Jr., M.D., FACR* Abstract: This is a review and evaluation of medical and public literature regarding the reported emotional and psychological effects of participation in physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and euthanasia on the involved physicians. Materials and Methods: Articles in medical journals, legislative investigations and the public press were obtained and reviewed to determine what has been reported regarding the effects on physicians who have been personally involved in PAS and euthanasia. Results and Discussion: The physician is centrally involved in PAS and euthanasia, and the emotional and psychological effects on the participating physician can be substantial. The shift away from the fundamental values of medicine to heal and promote human wholeness can have significant effects on many participating physicians. Doctors describe being profoundly adversely affected, being shocked by the suddenness of the death, being caught up in the patient’s drive for assisted suicide, having a sense of powerlessness, and feeling isolated. There is evidence of pressure on and intimidation of doctors by some patients to assist in suicide. The effect of countertransference in the doctor-patient relationship may influence physician involvement in PAS and euthanasia. Conclusion: Many doctors who have participated in euthanasia and/or ...
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