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Walker Company

En que consiste el problema que enfrenta Walker Company
 El principal problema es descubrir el saldo bajo de la caja de la empresa, siendo este el más bajo históricamente. Esto a la vez constituía malestar por parte de los proveedores , que desde ya exigían el pago de sus cuentas. Además, al Sr. Walker tenía la preocupación por provocar un mal récord crediticio para la compañía así como también la pérdida de efectivo por no aprovechar los descuentos por el pronto pago a los abastecedores y la cancelación de derechos de distribución regional exclusivos de sus productos.
 Los problemas se originaron al no tener un método para cobrar cuentas, lo que provocan la acumulación de deudas siendo este un costo para la empresa por no tener liquidez para mantener las obligaciones de la misma.
 Los dividendos del 50% es muy alta y es un limitante para la inversión de ese dinero en el fondo para solventar necesidades o incrementar el capital de la empresa.

Utilizando razones financieras evalúe el desempeño financiero reciente de la compañía, ¿existe alguna cosa que le preocupe?
 Comportamiento de razones de liquidez
• Capital de trabajo neto, entre la diferencia de activos y pasivos es de 398, este ha incrementado durante los años de la compañía.
• El índice de liquidez corriente es de 1.28 , esta muestra la relación entre el activo para pagar las deudas a corto plazo, el índice es bajo con relación a los años de la empresa.
• La razón de la prueba ácida ha bajado hasta alcanzar su punto más bajo 1981 0.86, esto demuestra que no existe liquidez para efectuar pagos de corto plazo.
 Comportamiento de razones de actividad
• El inventario en continua rotación en ES tos 4 años, ha permitido un leve crecimiento en 1981 llegando a su un nivel alto de 10.18 .
• El período de cobranza se ha conservado y llegó a su nivel más alto en 1981 que es del 60%, el período es muy extenso lo que provoca un flujo de dinero menor o lento.
• El período de pago, el tiempo que se pasa para cancelar las deudas se incrementó de 40 días a 74 en 1981. La calificación de crédito de Walker Company se pone en riesgo por estos períodos.
• La razón de rotación de activos totales, Walker Company tiene una rotación de 4 activos para generar ventas, quiere decir que la empresa cambia sus activos 4 veces al año.
 Comportamiento de razones de Endeudamiento
• El índice de endeudamiento, ha incrementado su nivel de endeudamiento llegando a su nivel máximo de 71% de sus activos que han sido financiado con deuda.
• La razón de cargos de interés fijo, si el valor del interés es alto quiere decir que la empresa esta en capacidad de cumplir con sus obligaciones. En 1981 la razón de cargos de interés fijo es de 54%, 1979 de 43%, 1980 de 44% y 1978 de 57%.
 Comportamiento de razones de rentabilidad
• El margen de utilidad bruta de la compañía en el año de 1981 es de 16% que un nivel bajo en relación de 1978 que fue de 18%.
• El margen de utilidad operativa de la empresa es de 2%, bajo porcentaje en diferencia a años pasados, cuando la compañía inició tenía un margen del 5%.
• El margen de utilidad neta es de 1% en 1981, su nivel más bajo, en sus inicios la empresa tenía una utilidad de 3%. Por cada dólar de capital en acciones comunes

A partir de los Estados financieros disponibles, construya el estado de flujo de efectivo para los períodos 1979 – 1978, 1980 – 1979 y 1981 – 1980, así como para todo el período 1981 – 1978, que cosas interesantes muestra este estado.
Muestra comportamiento de las cuentas, que indudablemente se representan con un aumento relevante, en sus rubros mas significativos, que le ayudan a recuperar la liquidez de su empresa para sufragar los gastos a corto y largo plazo. los estados financieros del periodo, compara los aumentos y disminuciones que año con año a tenido la empresa observando que la utilidad a aumentado debido al volumen de ventas que ha tenido de un periodo a otro.

Sin embargo los rubros que se necesitan recuperar, como las cuentas por cobrar deben disminuir para que walker Company tenga una liquidez estable, de esa manera aprovecharlos descuentos en compras o por pronto pago, además cancelar sus cuentas por pagar, que en su estado de flujo de efectivo expresa un porcentaje alto lo que en un momento lo llevaría hasta perder su negocio.

Por lo tanto al realizar el análisis comparativo de 1978 y 1981 la liquidez a disminuido dentro de la empresa en un 60% lo que dificulta poder efectuar sus pagos.

Si walker company desea establecer una política e implementarlo a su empresa y tener mayor liquidez, debe solicitar aumentar el plazo de pago de sus facturas e incrementar la política de cobro de facturas, por lo menos a la mitad de tiempo de pago, para que de esta manera pueda aumentar su liquidez

Desde el periodo de 1978 a 1979 la falta de liquidez aumento en un 8% del periodo de 1979 a 1980 en un 17% de 1980 a 1981 aumento un 15% por lo que los porcentajes son altos, indicando que de cada $ 100 dólares $15 no son de pronta recuperación. Además se esta solicitando mayor inversión ajena lo que en un momento no podrá cancelarse a puntualidad debido a la falta de liquidez y de capital ajeno que se maneja.

Que debería de hacer el Sr. Walker
Tomando en cuenta el crecimiento de las ventas de Walker Company durante los cuatro años de operaciones, considero para la empresa otorgar la ampliación de crédito solicitada por el Señor Walker, siempre y cuando él se comprometa a tomar en cuenta algunas recomendaciones del banco para garantizar el reembolso del préstamo.

Poner atención a las cuentas por cobrar ya que Después de realizar la evaluación de las cuentas por cobrar se determinó que es conveniente tomarlas como provisión de la ampliación del préstamo solicitado por el señor Walker, el señor Wilcox debe elaborar una lista de las cuentas aceptables junto con las fechas de facturación y los montos, determinando un porcentaje el cual podría ser de 20% de las cuentas por cobrar para proteger sus intereses en el colateral, de esta manera tanto el banco como Walker Company estarían beneficiadas, por una parte Walker Company recibe el extra financiamiento que necesita y el banco garantiza que recuperará el dinero que otorgará ya que los estados financieros de la empresa reflejan un panorama bastante negativo y a través de esta medida el banco tiene un respaldo

• Una de las recomendaciones que se pueden hacer a Walker Company es que para seguir otorgándole prestamos es que se cree una política de cuentas por cobrar para incentivar a los clientes a pagar lo antes posible realizando descuentos por pronto pago, esto tendría como resultados un tiempo menor en el ciclo operativo, por lo tanto Walker Company tendría efectivo para invertir en un plazo menor.

• Para que Walker Company siga creciendo se recomienda que no se paguen dividendos durante dos años, tomando el cuenta que los dividendos que se pagan a los accionistas han sido demasiado altos durante los cuatro años de funcionamiento, se puede analizar el siguiente estado de resultados para determinar los beneficios que podría traer el tomar esa medida para recuperación de la empresa, se puede bóxer que con solo esa medida y proyectando los demás cuentas se puede observar que para el año 1981 reflejan una utilidad neta de 1.46%, y para el año 1983 proyectando unas ventas de 12,000 y una reducción en el costo de ventas debido a los mayores volúmenes y dejando de percibir dividendos se observa utilidades netas del 6.70%, estas medidas podrían servir para que la empresa sea sólida y garantizar el crecimiento

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