...Overview of Current Research on Automated Essay Grading Salvatore Valenti, Francesca Neri and Alessandro Cucchiarelli DIIGA - Universita’ Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy valenti@inform.unian.it neri@inform.unian.it alex@inform.unian.it Executive Summary Essays are considered by many researchers as the most useful tool to assess learning outcomes, implying the ability to recall, organize and integrate ideas, the ability to express oneself in writing and the ability to supply merely than identify interpretation and application of data. It is in the measurement of such outcomes, corresponding to the evaluation and synthesis levels of the Bloom’s (1956) taxonomy that the essay questions serve their most useful purpose. One of the difficulties of grading essays is represented by the perceived subjectivity of the grading process. Many researchers claim that the subjective nature of essay assessment leads to variation in grades awarded by different human assessors, which is perceived by students as a great source of unfairness. This issue may be faced through the adoption of automated assessment tools for essays. A system for automated assessment would at least be consistent in the way it scores essays, and enormous cost and time savings could be achieved if the system can be shown to grade essays within the range of those awarded by human assessors. This paper presents an overview of current approaches to the automated assessment of free text answers. Ten systems, currently...
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...Cherelle Squire safeguarding adults and promoting independence Unit 11 P4,P5,M2 In this essay I will be outlining key legislation and regulations which govern safeguarding adults work, outlining working strategies and types of abuse procedures used in health and social care to reduce the risk of abuse. Also I will be describing legislation and regulations, working strategies and procedures used in health and social care to reduce the risk of two types of abuse. Relevant legislation and regulations There is a law that has been passed by authority such as, parliament. The people that have to benefit from this legislation and policies are vulnerable individual. The European convention and human rights and fundamental freedom 1950 and the human rights act 1998 spelt out the basic rights of all humans and regardless of their condition or situation. The anti-discrimination act- equal pay act, sex discrimination and the age discrimination act, all of this play apart in the abuse that occurs as a result of discrimination. Legislation Safe guarding vulnerable groups act 2006 Protection of vulnerable groups act 2007 Main points ● Set for people who Application ● This also applies to work with children and employed people and vulnerable individuals volunteers to be registered ● ● There are separate but liked barred lists for safeguarding authority those working with to be able for deciding Protecting vulnerable groups ...
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...What is my Learning Style? Josh Hull COLL 100 American Military University Thomas Werner What is my Learning Style? During the course of this essay, I intend to discuss my own personal learning “style” or lack thereof and if the idea of a single “style” being the optimal way to learn. Although many people subscribe to this notion of a person having only one optimal way of learning – or style – I feel that this does not and cannot justly explain the multiple methods that I enjoy using to learn different subjects. I also believe that I cannot be so supremely unique as to be the only person that does not fit within the traditional “learning style” mold, thus leaving the only viable conclusion that most people do not fit within this archaic mold. Unfortunately, this idea of “styles” has been around long enough that most people currently enrolled in any form of a learning institution believe it to be a true principle and wrongly ascribe their shortcomings or successes in any particular subject to this faulty model. Before I begin that discussion, however, I will first explain my reasons for being back in school. After suffering for over a year with horrible unexplained symptoms, I discovered in January of this year that I had Stage II Kidney failure. This was due to the malpractice of a physician. Due to this condition and the affect it has on my breathing, adrenal functions and its progressive nature, I was medically retired from my career in law enforcement. So after some...
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...AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT (Please print your name) ____________________________________ (BSB50215) DIPLOMA OF BUSINES ------------------------------------------------- ASSESSMENT COVER SHEET CANDIDATES - Please submit this entire document (do not separate or remove pages) – with this page completed as required – and place at the top of your assessment document CANDIDATE TO COMPLETE THE SECTION BELOW | Name | | Address | | Phone | Daytime | | Evening/Mobile | | Email address | | Company name | | Training date(s) | | Training location | | Trainer’s name | | Assessment due date | | Date submitted | | Submission Date | | Resubmit 1 | | Resubmit 2 | | Purpose of the assessment The purpose of this assessment task is to assess evidence for part of a unit/s of competency which in full will lead towards a nationally-accredited qualification I acknowledge the following (all boxes need to be ticked) ❏ The assessment process has been explained to me ❏ I am ready to commence the assessment process. I have been advised of the assessment requirements, my rights and responsibilities as an assessment candidate, and I choose to be assessed at this time ❏ I understand which unit/s to complete, evidence I need to provide, and how to complete this document ❏ I understand my right of appeal, and this has been fully...
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...INTRODUCTION This essay is all about discharge care planning and will be discussed in two parts, the first part will highlight patient profile, assessment and discharge care planning with evidence based rationale using a framework based on Roper- Logan-Tierney (2000) model of nursing which involve giving nursing care holistically by using 12 activities of living (AL) and also incorporate nursing process to carry out care plan in this essay, which are maintaining a safe environment, communicating, breathing, eating and drinking, eliminating, personal cleansing and dressing, controlling body temperature, walking and playing, mobilising, sleeping expressing sexuality and dying. Also with the above mentioned framework, factors influencing the activities of living which include biological, psychological, socio-cultural, environmental and political economic will be considered. Also demonstration of how discharges are planned and problems identified will be discussed, which will involve members of the multidisciplinary team (MDT) and their roles in the patients care, education and support for family/carers. The second part will explore how recent health service legislation has influenced this care plan and its impact on caring of older people with long term condition. In this essay, issues on professional values according to Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) Code of Professional Conduct (2008), which include consent, confidentiality, respect and dignity will be undertaking. For the...
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...This essay will examine the challenges of managing Mr. W. Fountain nursing problem on his immobility condition. Developing a care plan for Mr. W. Fountain to aid his recovery due to stroke; resulting to mobility problem. Although, mobility as a result of stroke will be the main focus of this essay but I will also briefly explain the process of developing an effective care plan. I will be relating it to my anatomy and physiology knowledge and show why dealing with my father’s stroke condition some twenty seven years ago make Mr. W. Fountain condition more personal to me. At this stage, I will like to highlight that the nursing management for Mr. W. Fountain will be based on the use of Roper Logan Tierney model in practice. (2003). I will be applying the nursing process that includes delving into the phases and cycle of nursing assessment, planning, implementing and evaluating (APIE). At the implementation stage, a care plan with appropriate objectives, implementation steps and evaluation strategies will be drawn in ensuring that his care is more focused on his needs. I will also be using a range of assessment tools: such as waterloo score and strip, trips and fall. Dignity and respect of Mr. Fountain will be maintained all through in this essay. In conclusion a copy of care, feedback from the Lecturer and reflective summary will be attached. According to Glasper and Mcewing (2010) Stroke occurs if there is an interruption of blood flow to part of the brain. Without blood...
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...College Dublin as a comprehensive support for students completing the above mentioned Degree programme. © This publication may not be reproduced, in whole or in part without permission in from University College Dublin. Module Co-ordinator: Dr Yousef Eiadat & Dr Richard Tan Contact details Mobile: TBA Office: TBA Email: rich_bsc@yahoo.com.sg 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Welcome message 1. INTRODUCTION a. Background details b. Module aims 2. MODULE OUTLINE a. Module learning outcomes b. Themes and topics c. Learning supports 3. MODULE DELIVERY SCHEDULE a. Session arrangements b. Student engagement c. Office hours arrangements 4. ASSESSMENT DETAILS a. Assignments b. Module assessment components i. Pre module assignment ii. Group project iii. Examination 5. GRADING a. University grading policy b. Grade descriptors for assessment components 6. CONCLUDING COMMENTS APPENDICES 5 6 10 12 16 19 21 3 Welcome message Welcome to this unit on Business Policy. Dr Yousef Eiadat will be joining me in teaching this course. In this unit we aim to build skills in Strategic planning – the analysis behind strategic decisions, the crafting of strategies and the implementation of them to ensure organisational success. Strategy involves managing the interface between an organization and its external environment. To this end, the first three topics develop skills in strategic analysis, leading to consideration of the positioning of an organisation in its strategic environment...
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...------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN ------------------------------------------------- NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- MASTER OF SCIENCE (SINGAPORE) ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Business Policy ------------------------------------------------- BMGT 4025S ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- STUDY GUIDE ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- MSc14/15 FT / Singapore ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Copyright October 2012 Author: Dr Yousef Eiadat and Dr Richard Tan (2012) This manual was prepared for University College Dublin as a comprehensive support for students...
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...Faculty of Arts and Sciences Department of Social Sciences Assessment Feedback Student’s registration no: | Word Count | Module Leader: Liz Richards | Personal TutorRichard Twine | Module code & title:SPY 1079 Introduction to Early Childhood Studies | Date29th October 2016 | Assignment title: Diagnostic Essay: Why Study Childhood? | | | Very Good/Excellent | Good/Very good | Satisfactory/good | Basic/Satisfactory | Unsatisfactory | Argument and understanding | | | | | | Referencing and quality of sources | | | | | | Organization and structure | | | | | | Presentation and academic practice | | | | | | Marker’s comments: | Mark (%): | First marker: | | ------------------------------------------------- This Mark is provisional and is subject to final confirmation by Progression and Awards Board. | Second marker: | | Student name: Robyn Fletcher Student Number: 22966188 Why study childhood? This essay will outline the main issues as to why we study childhood. It will be done by using multiple reports, book chapters and other reading materials with relevant facts to support the essay content. Firstly, what is childhood? According to the Unicef website(2015) childhood is defined as 'A precious time in which children should live free from fear, safe from violence and protected from abuse and exploitation. As such, childhood means much more than just the space between birth and the attainment...
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...Structure and Logic or equivalent © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -1- 05/08/2013 Introduction to Networking SYLLABUS COURSE SUMMARY COURSE DESCRIPTION This course serves as a foundation for the study of computer networking technologies. Concepts in data communications, such as signaling, coding and decoding, multiplexing, circuit switching and packet switching, OSI and TCP/IP models, LAN/WAN protocols, network devices and their functions, topologies and capabilities are discussed. Industry standards and the development of networking technologies are surveyed in conjunction with a basic awareness of software and hardware components used in typical networking and internetworking environments. MAJOR INSTRUCTIONAL AREAS 1. Networking fundamentals 2. The OSI model and its use in networking 3. LANs, WANs, MANs and their implementation 4. Physical layer fundamentals 5. Basics of the data link layer 6. The functions of TCP/IP 7. IP addressing, subnetting, and supernetting 8. Diagramming the physical components that comprise a network 9. Logic created by the interconnectivity of network components 10. Applying network security 11. Future developments in networking COURSE OBJECTIVES 1. Explain key networking concepts and terminology. 2. Identify the advances in computer networking from an historical perspective. 3. Describe the OSI and TCP/IP models and their network impact. 4. Classify networks based on methodology...
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...Definition Cont’d Critical reflection includes questioning routines, habitual practice, challenging “conventional wisdom”, being able to ask others and ourselves “why-type” questions . Such as: 1What is my nursing care like? 2 Why is it like this? 3 How has it come to be this way? 4 What aspect of it would I like to improve? 5 Whose interest are being served (or denied) by my job? (Scribid, 2010) Benefits of Reflective Practice Increases confidence and allows one to become a more proactive professional; Improves the quality of care given and close the gap between theory and practice; It provides a deeper understanding of our approach to nursing and leads to greater effectiveness as a nurse; (Somerville & Keeling, 2004; Wipp, 2006) Benefits of Reflective Practice Improves communication and interaction with colleagues; Develops autonomy, self-awareness and self-direction; Enhances learning, creativity and...
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...SAMPLE ESSAY Essential Academic Skills Second Edition Edited by Kathy Turner, Brenda Krenus, Lynette Ireland and Leigh Pointon Oxford University Press 2011 COPYRIGHT NOTICE © THIS SAMPLE ESSAY IS COPYRIGHT OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2011. DISTRIBUTION AND COPYING IS PROHIBITED. Sample essay Topic: Test anxiety causes university students to underperform in their examinations. Discuss. Note: The essay is in the left column. In the right-hand column are short notes indicating which academic writing skills are being used in the essay, and page references for the textbook. Essay Comment This essay examines the relationship between test anxiety in university students INTRODUCTION General statement and their performance in examinations. Typically, universities use examinations of the essay topic (p. to test part or even all the knowledge of students, particularly in first-year 151) courses. As Burns (2004, p. 120) noted, examination results can determine if a Background from student passes a course or can progress onto further study, and may even the literature (p. 151) influence employment opportunities. Understandably, educators are concerned Sentence(s) to link that examinations are a fair indication of a student’s knowledge. One area of the background into the essay special interest is the role anxiety plays in relation to examination performance. ARGUMENT This essay argues that in general, test anxiety lowers performance slightly, STATEMENT Comprehensive although this...
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...SAMPLE ESSAY Essential Academic Skills Second Edition Edited by Kathy Turner, Brenda Krenus, Lynette Ireland and Leigh Pointon Oxford University Press 2011 COPYRIGHT NOTICE © THIS SAMPLE ESSAY IS COPYRIGHT OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2011. DISTRIBUTION AND COPYING IS PROHIBITED. Sample essay Topic: Test anxiety causes university students to underperform in their examinations. Discuss. Note: The essay is in the left column. In the right-hand column are short notes indicating which academic writing skills are being used in the essay, and page references for the textbook. Essay Comment This essay examines the relationship between test anxiety in university students INTRODUCTION General statement and their performance in examinations. Typically, universities use examinations of the essay topic (p. to test part or even all the knowledge of students, particularly in first-year 151) courses. As Burns (2004, p. 120) noted, examination results can determine if a Background from student passes a course or can progress onto further study, and may even the literature (p. 151) influence employment opportunities. Understandably, educators are concerned Sentence(s) to link that examinations are a fair indication of a student’s knowledge. One area of the background into the essay special interest is the role anxiety plays in relation to examination performance. ARGUMENT This essay argues that in general, test anxiety lowers performance slightly...
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...Running Head: FINAL BENCHMARK ASSESSMENT Final Benchmark Assessment: Individual Reflection Essay Abstract As a leader today, there are many challenges that you are faced with. The Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISLLC) is a program that has standards for school leaders to follow. The six standards are to be used as guides to make sure the organization runs smoothly. If ever the organization gets off track, the ISLLC standards can also be used as tools to get the organization back on track. These standards also keep the community informed and a part of the decision making process. Final Benchmark Assessment: Individual Reflection Essay The purpose of this essay is to show possible solutions to leadership challenges using the ISLLC 2008 standards. The purpose of the standards and how they impact the educational community will also be addressed. The ISLLC 2008 standards were drafted by personnel from 24 state education agencies and various professional associations (ISLLC, 2008). These standards were developed to enhance the skills of school leaders in order to produce enhanced educational outcomes (ISLLC, 2008). Standard 2 The first major challenge facing the leadership at my school is students that cannot read. Many students that reach third grade in my school are reading at a grade level below and some are two grade levels below. This is a major issue because it means that the ball has been dropped and it is also the first year for...
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...Sensitive parenting is the most important factor in a child’s psychological development – discuss This essay will explore the concept of sensitive parenting and will look at how the dynamic interactions between parent and child inform Attachment Theory a model which measures child development. This model, pioneered by Bowlby is posited within the principles of a psychoanalytic and biological perspective (Bee, H.L., 2000). Child attachment can be classified into two main types, secure and insecure, by using a standard laboratory assessment known as the “Strange Situation” developed by Ainsworth, insecure attachment was divided further into sub groups, ambivalent and avoidant (Ding, S. & Littleton, K. 2005). Whilst discussing attachment theory which utilises the concept of an internal working model other approaches in terms of understanding how parenting affects child development will be explored. Theoretical positions such as social learning theory which lies heavily on behaviourist principles will be looked at, parenting styles where patterns of parenting will be discussed and inter-generational transmission which serves to perpetuate society’s inequalities and disadvantages with negative connotations for a child’s psychological development (Ding, S. & Littleton, K. 2005). “Disturbed” and “Disturbing Behaviour” will also be explored. The medical model and social model perspectives challenge the understanding in terms of attributing cause of problem behaviour to either...
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