...The Use of Music Therapy on Stroke Victims When normal blood flow to the brain fails, a stroke occurs, there are more than 780,000 strokes every year in the United States causing more serious long-term disabilities than any other disease that number is expected to increase in the coming years. (Know Stroke). While preventing strokes is obviously a goal, the development of successful rehabilitation strategies is equally important. Music therapy has shown promise as a way to help stroke victims recover a variety of lost functionality. In this paper I will be describing the beneficial effects that music has on stroke victims. There are two main types of stroke ischemic and hemorrhagic. Ischemic stroke occurs when blood vessels are blocked, usually by a clot. This accounts for four in five strokes. Hemorrhagic stroke is caused by a broken or leaking blood vessel in the brain (NIH). The effects of a stroke vary by its type, severity and location within the brain. A stroke may affect only one side of the body or part of one side. It can cause cognitive deficits, muscle weakness or paralysis. A stroke in the right half of the brain can cause visuospatial issues, impaired judgment and behavior, along with short-term memory loss. A stroke in the left half of the brain can cause speech and language problems, slow and cautious behavior, as well as memory problems. A stroke in the cerebellum can cause abnormal reflexes, balance problems, and dizziness, nausea, or vomiting (Office on...
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...place; JB had a hemorrhagic stroke while driving his vehicle. JB had a hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident that affected his left side, leaving him in various states of mobility, ranging from paralysis to extremely limited. Before the accident, JB’s favorite things in life that gave him meaning and value were hunting and fishing. He comes from a large family of many brothers, so this was their familiar culture and their way establishing relationships and norms. JB just liked working with his hands and being outdoors. He mainly built houses and did construction for most of his life, but one aspect that was very proud of was that of building elaborate swimming pools and spas for a couple of the resorts in the Wisconsin Dells. He didn’t do the designing, but he took pleasure in the rebar and concrete work as well as the finishing and...
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...Occupational therapy employs the use of assessments and treatments to enable individuals with physical, mental, or cognitive disorders to perform activities required in daily life. In the process, it aims to promote empowerment and social justice through occupation-based and client-centred approaches. It is divided into different practice areas including those related to children, youth, the elderly and mental health. In Canada, it is practiced in settings found in both urban and rural areas, such as hospitals, private clinics, rehabilitation centres, nursing homes and private households. An occupational therapist works with clients of all ages whose difficulties may have been present since birth or as a result of an accident, illness, aging...
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...definition health promotion is the process of facilitating individuals, groups, and/or communities control their own health. There is a strong compatibility between health promotion and occupational therapy with the earliest discussions dating back more than fifty years ago. The idea of health promotion to prevent illness was highlighted internationally in 1978 at an international Conference on Primary Health Care. The Declaration of Alma-Ata expressed the need for immediate action by all governments, health care workers and developers, as well as the work community to promote and protect the health of people worldwide. (Health Promotion: Future occupational therapy in an ageing New Zealand, p36, 2012). In 1986, the World Health Organization (WHO), released the Ottawa Charter, which is perhaps, the most important document in the field of health promotion. It provides five principles to guide health promotion activities: building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community action, developing personal skills, and re-orienting health care services toward prevention of illness and promotion of health. These principles provide a vision to which occupational therapy health promotion services should be aligned. (Health Promotion: Future occupational therapy in an ageing New Zealand, p36, 2012). As it relates to health care promotion, there are three primary levels of prevention: primary prevention focuses on health promotion activities that prevent...
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...ratio guaranteeing the patient gets the one-on-one attention they deserve. Treatment is available for individuals who have suffered a major accident or illness, including trauma, stroke, head injury, spinal cord injury, hip fracture, amputation, arthritis, chronic pain, neuromuscular and pulmonary diseases. HealthSouth treats people of all ages on an outpatient basis with specialized rehabilitation programs for adolescent, adult, and geriatric populations. HealthSouth Rehabilitation Hospital of Columbia offers comprehensive outpatient therapy services. HealthSouth Rehabilitation Hospital of Columbia is a 96-bed acute care rehabilitation hospital located in Columbia, S.C. Established in 1989, we are the only freestanding comprehensive medical rehabilitation hospital in the Midlands, serving Lexington, Richland, Kershaw and surrounding counties. Health South Rehabilitation Hospital is own and operated by The Gores Group, in Los Angeles, a private equity firm. For-profit HealthSouth operates 93 rehabilitation hospitals and 10 long-term acute-care hospitals. MISSION STATEMENT The Rehabilitation Hospital is a specialized health care delivery system that provides comprehensive, cost effective, outcome oriented medical rehabilitation services to enable patients to live at their highest level of physical, social and cognitive independence within the community. This...
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...Many consider Virginia Henderson a legend in nursing. Henderson viewed nursing as “doing for others what they would do for themselves if they had the strength, will, and the knowledge; and also that the nurse helps the patient to carry out the plan of therapy prescribed by the physician” (Smith, 1989, p. 69). She saw the function of the nurse as helping the patient. Virginia believed a nurse should focus on helping the patient recover and rehabilitate quickly. She saw the practice of a nurse as being different from that of the physician, yet she believed both roles were an integral part of the rehabilitation phase. Henderson also believed the nurse should be independent from the physician and make independent judgments (Henderson, 1966, p. 22). Henderson proposed 14 basic human needs that help focus the nursing care (Alligood & Tomey, 2010, p. 56). She believed these 14 needs would help a patient return to independence. She believed only a dedicated and devoted nurse would help a patient fulfill these needs. According to Henderson, a nurse that helped a patient acquire independence or helped a patient accept their limitations was a successful nurse (Henderson, 1966, p. 23). The diagram below depicts Henderson’s 14 basic human needs. They are divided into four categories: physiological, psychological, social/moral, and sociological. Henderson claimed that the physiological needs are experienced by all human beings and are the most important for survival. If the physiological...
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...Stroke is a common, serious and global health care problem; it’s the third most common cause of health and first cause of adult disability (12). The rehabilitation is the major part of his care (13). Stroke is a neurological deficit caused by an acute focal injury f the central nervous system (CNS) by a vascular cause: a cerebral infraction appears with overt symptoms or intracerebral hemorrhage with no symptoms (10%) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (5%) (14). The most impairment that can be regarded as a loss or limitation of function in movement or limitation in mobility and muscle contraction, is the most common and widely recognized impairment caused by stroke. The movement of face, arm, and leg of one side of the body are the structures affected...
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...workforce. They work collaboratively with nurses, physicians, dentists, pharmacists and other allied health professionals to provide high quality care to patients in various settings (Allied Health Professionals, n.d.). The ASAHP defines allied health professionals to be “the segment of the workforce that delivers services involving the identification, evaluation and prevention of diseases and disorders; dietary and nutrition services; and rehabilitation and health systems management” (Allied Health Professionals, n.d.). Among these many professionals two that work closely together are Physical Therapists and Physical Therapy Assistants. Physical Therapist & Physical Therapist Assistant Roles A Physical Therapist provides services to patients ranging from birth to the elderly who have health related issues that limit their ability to perform daily functions or ability to move (Role of Physical Therapist, 2014). They provide care to patients in various settings such as:...
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...analysis. It is a part of the continuum of care as it focuses on increasing a patient’s function for self care and mobility. The need for a rehabilitation care concept in a specialized rehabilitation hospital increases as the length of stay decreases in acute hospitals after surgery or procedures due to the financial burden on insurances, Medicare, Medicaid, and the acute hospitals themselves. No longer do we see in the United States two week long acute hospital stays after major surgeries, strokes or other injuries that affect the activities of daily living (ADL). The hospitals discharge patients back home much sooner than before or transfer them to facilities for further recovery. Unfortunately some of these facilities are long term acute care hospitals or nursing homes where continuing daily therapy is very limited. The fortunate ones get admitted to a specialty hospital called a rehabilitation (rehab) hospital that this paper will focus on. Here, nurses, occupational therapists, physical therapists, speech therapists, case managers, dieticians, and physicians work all closely together to see the best results of recovery and to achieve this goal before the patient is ready to return home at the optimum level of wellness. As a nurse working in a rehabilitation hospital I see this multidisciplinary approach to regain a patient’s strength on a daily...
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...Health Promotion: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Health promotion is a very vague term that can mean many things and has many definitions depending on who you ask. According to O’Donnell (1987, p.4) health promotion is “the science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health.” This definition makes a lot of sense and sounds like he is speaking of the physical aspect of health. There are different kinds of health including physical, mental and physical. I believe this is why there are so many definitions. The U.S. Public Health Service proposes that health promotion is more of advocating health in hope that it will become a “societal norm” for people individually as well as for the private and public businesses (Kreuter, 1980). The medical field is one “public business” that does a lot of health promotion for everyone, nurses especially. Nurses’ role in health promotion is necessary and critical. Nurses have a multi-disciplinary knowledge including many resources to help people understand their situation and get their health moving in a forward direction. Traditionally, nurses focused on preventing disease and changing the behavior of individuals regarding their health. Due to nurses becoming more diverse in their knowledge, their responsibility of being a “health promoter” is more complex. Currently, nurses are so focused on treating people who have illnesses and teaching them how to become healthy that teaching patients how to...
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...Constraint-induced movement therapy Name: Institution: Question #1 Constraint-induced movement therapy, CI often forces usage of the affected arm while restraining the other healthy arm. Well, with Constraint-induced therapy, the therapist often compels the survivor’s healthy arm in a lob. Consequently, the survivor is forced to use the affected arm intensively and repetitively for approximately two weeks. Often after stroke, the survivor attempts unsuccessfully to put into practice the affected arm, though, their initial failure always discourages them to use that particular side. To use the Constraint-induced therapy, the survivor should have the capacity to extend their wrist as well as move their arm and even fingers. Several studies expose that CI therapy develops movement on the affected arm (Hakkennes, 2005). CI therapy is regarded as a way of refining the attainment of a motor skill by compelling the accumulation of more deliberate practice trials. After a stroke, several patients adopt various approaches that efficiently substitute the goal-projected movements that can usually have been allotted to the affected arm. Several of these approaches lead to using the unaffected arm more repeatedly, fundamentally leading to a reduced necessity for using the affected arm. In fact, in the view of Zipp (2012), each timely completion of any task by the utilization of the affected arm strengthens the non-use of that particular limb. Therefore, CI therapy is regarded as a way to...
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...review upon the health promotion and its three stages of health prevention. The nursing roles and responsibilities sprouting in health promotion and the implementation of health will also be discussed in this paper. Purpose of Health promotion The goal of health promotion is to stimulate the health behavior of persons and societies and in same manner the physical and operational circumstances that affect their wellbeing. In other words, the aim of health promotion is to emphasis on “to focus on the person's potential for wellness and to encourage him or her to alter personal habits, lifestyle and environment in ways that will reduce risk and enhance health and will being (Smeltzer & Bare, 2006).” The chief motive of nursing in health promotion is to instruct inspire and support the patient to preserve an prevailing class of life by avoiding ailment, decelerating the advancement of a disorder or handling an sickness. Nursing Roles and Responsibilities Nurses have a significant impact in supporting community health. There have been theatrical changes in the nursing roles as a consequence of the strain on health promotion. Conventionally, the concentration of nurses upon health promotion has been on ailment inhibition and shifting the habits of persons in relation to their health. Conversely, nurse’s role as supporters of health is extra complicated, subsequently nurses have higher awareness and...
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...Unobtrusive Human-Machine Interface for Rehabilitation of Stroke victims through Robot Assisted Mirror therapy Gautam Narangi, Arjun Narang2, Soumya Singhi luhani Lempiainen Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bharati Managing Director Vidyapeeth's College of Engineering, New Delhi, India Deltatron Oy Ltd. Department of Electronics and Instrumentation, Birla Helsinki, Finland Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India jle@deltatron.fi gautam2410@gmail.com, arjun.narang09@gmail.com, soumya.singh1001@gmail.com Abstract- Stroke is one of the leading causes of long-term disability worldwide. Present techniques employed One technique employed to effectively rehabilitate stroke for victims, especially those suffering from partial paralysis or rehabilitation of victims suffering from partial paralysis or loss loss of function, is using mirror therapy. Mirror therapy is a of function, such as mirror therapy, require substantial amount of resources, which may not be readily available. In traditional mirror therapy, patients place a mirror beside the functional limb, blocking their view of the affected limb, creating the illusion that both the limbs are working properly, which strategy that has been used successfully to treat phantom pain after amputation and recovery from hemiplegia after a stroke. In traditional mirror therapy, patients place a mirror beside the functional limb...
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...Early June 2011 my grandfather suffered a minor stroke at the age of 76. He was quickly admitted to John Muir in Walnut Creek, a few days went by and he only seemed to be getting worse; when unfortunately my family’s worst nightmare became a reality. My grandfather endured another stroke, but this time it was much more serious. This put my family in an enormous amount of emotional distress, everyone was terrified and we had no idea what was going to happen to my grandfather. It happened so fast, all we wanted were answers. But, when we got answers, they were far from what we wanted to hear. A few days after my grandfather’s second stroke my family met with his doctors who showed little hope or optimism. They told us we were lucky he was still alive, but with the condition he was in now we were never going to see him walk again, he would probably never talk again, and he was definitely never going to be able to live independently ever again. As he kept explaining to us what was going to happen to my grandfather’s life, the words cut like daggers. My cousins and I watched our parents bewail with sorrow as we just sat aside our grandfather’s hospital bed feeling helpless and confused. About a month went by while my grandfather was still in John Muir, and his progress was nothing to rave about. We would visit him daily, but he never seemed to be getting much better. He couldn’t eat, talk, or move, but we just reminded him to keep fighting and we knew, with hope, he would be able...
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...Hypertension Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in your arteries. The more blood your heart pumps and the narrower your arteries, the higher your blood pressure. Hypertension is the consistent elevation of systemic arterial blood pressure. It is also the most common primary diagnosis in the United States (Brashers, 2010). It is one of the most common worldwide diseases afflicting humans. Because of the associated morbidity and mortality and the cost to society, hypertension is an important public health challenge. Over the past several decades, extensive research, widespread patient education, and a concerted effort on the part of health care professionals have led to decreased mortality and morbidity rates from the multiple organ damage arising from years of untreated hypertension. I. Prevalence of disease (in US) and risk factors Hypertension is a major U.S. health problem affecting some 50 million individuals. Approximately 65% of Americans older than age 60 have hypertension. Of those diagnosed with hypertension, over 30% do not have their hypertension adequately treated and controlled. Ninety to ninety-five percent of hypertension is idiopathic and called primary hypertension. Five to ten percent of hypertension is the result of an identifiable etiologic cause and is called secondary hypertension. According to Center of Disease Control (CDC) the prevalence of hypertension, 45.3% had been treated...
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