...Indian nationalism in the period 1845-1947 in changing Britain’s relationship with its empire in India. There are many factors that led to the change of Britain’s relationship with its empire in the period 1845-1947. Such as the influence of key individuals including Gandhi, Jinnah and Nehru. The effects of both the First and Second World War on Britain which included its political situation and economy which was in turmoil due to the war. International pressure from countries such as the US whom Britain became reliant on during and after WW2. The consequences of key events such as the Indian mutiny and the Amritsar massacre which both brought about new policies and changed the way the country was governed. Nationalism was the most important factor in the period 1845-1947 in changing Britain’s relationship with its empire in India, as some of the factors listed above such as the Indian mutiny, and the support of key individuals were a result of nationalism. The Indian mutiny was very significant in changing Britain’s relationship with its empire in India in the period 1845-1947 to a great extent. Nationalism was the leading cause behind the mutiny as the British failed to realise the importance of Indian culture and religion. The mutiny was one of the first notable events that lead to a change in the relationship of Britain and India as it brought about great change in the way India was governed. The mutiny was caused due to ‘…political grievance and religious fears.’The British...
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...Non-Violence The movies “Gandhi” and “A Force More Powerful” showed how Gandhi focused on non-violence and fought for the Independence of India. The movie “Gandhi” is a dramatization of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi’s life, which covers how he was thrown off a South African train for being in a whites only compartment, India’s Independence, India-Pakistan’s partition and concludes with his assassination and funeral in 1948. It has more story and characters than the movie “A Force More Powerful,” which is a documentary film. The documentary focuses on Gandhi’s leadership of the Indian Independence movement and the Salt March. In this movie, they showed real clips of videos of that time. In the order to advance the cause of a free India, Gandhi began the Salt March in 1930, which protested the salt taxes imposed by Britain. In the Salt March from Ahmedabad to Dandi, Gandhi traveled 250 miles to make salt from the ocean water, in order to avoid paying the salt tax. Millions of Indians joined him to show their support. Like African-Americans in the United States, the Indian people longed for freedom, as well as for the full spectrum of rights denied them by the British government. The Salt March resulted in the mass civil disobedience and non- violent struggle against British rule. As Gandhi and his followers reached the coast, he picked up a handful of salt, breaking the law. A month later, Gandhi was arrested. This started a series of protests and boycotts, which closed many British shops...
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...full independence and when he led the Salt March to protest against Britain. Mohandas Gandhi was shocked by the treatment of Indian immigrants in South Africa, so he joined the struggle to obtain basic rights for them. (BBC, 2013) He developed a non-violent way to address the wrong doings with speeches and protest, which attracted millions of followers, including the South African government. During his time, Gandhi led three major movements that he turned into political weapons. They were the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Civil Disobedience Movement, and the Quit India Movement. (Indian independence movement, n.d.) The Civil Disobedience Movement caused for the whole nation to join Gandhi in his fight against the British. This started the negotiating of the Indian Independence, but at this point the British were still not ready to let go. (Maps of India, 2004) After 15 more years, and a few more arrest, Gandhi finally had the chance to talk to Britain’s new government about the independence the nation craved. He sensed they wanted more power, so he distanced himself from the negotiations. Even so, the government eventually conceded too many of Gandhi’s demands, which led to the Indian Independence Act 1947. (Indian independence movement, n.d.) opposition One of Gandhi’s protests that was a significant political change was the Civil Disobedience Movement, which included the Salt March. It was a non-violent march protesting the British Salt Tax because the British were not compromising...
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...“Nonviolence is much more than not fighting or not being in a war. It's the kind of relationships we have with people and the kind of attitude we share toward one another.” -Arun Gandhi (Mohandas K. Gandhi’s grandson) Gandhi is a name that transcends country, state and continental borders. His messages and practices have created a legacy that impacts the world to this day. The method of nonviolence demonstrated in the Salt March shaped the Civil Rights Movement and continues to influence social change. How can one man ignite such vast empowerment within a population that had been oppressed by British rule for over seventy years? Mohandas Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in the village of Probandar. At the time, around two thirds of India was ruled by the British Empire, referred to as British Raj (BBC News). Probandar was a minority within India; it was a princely state meaning the land legally belonged to India, not Britain. Gandhi’s father, Karamchand, was a local politician who was accepting of different religions; he had Muslim, Parsee and Jains friends. His mother, Putlibai, an illiterate devout Hindu, took her religion very seriously and tried to instill such beliefs in Gandhi. Following Hindu tradition, Gandhi was set up by his parents to be married at the age of 13 (Singh). In 1885, Karamchand passed away causing Gandhi to become the head of the household. He was sent to England by his family at the age of 19 to study law and attain a job to support them...
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...non-violent protest. Gandhi rallied thousands to disobey the oppressive and racist British government as an Indian nationalist movement to free India. Under his leadership, the Indian Congress launched a series of mass movements: the Civil Disobedience Movement and the Non Cooperation Movement in 1920s and 1930s. The former was triggered by the historic Salt March, when Gandhi led a group of followers from his ashram on a 200 mile march to Dandi on the west coast in order to prepare salt in a violation of British law. Gandhi soon earned the title “Mahatma,” or Great Soul. In August 1942, the Quit India movement was launched. The British resorted to brutal repression against non-violent protesters. It was evident that the British could only maintain the empire at enormous cost to themselves. At the end of World War II, the British began to transfer power to the now sovereign State of India. Throughout the major events of his life, the concept of Satyagraha, or non-violent, peaceful resistance remained a foundational basis for all of his major movements. Gandhi’s philosophy of Satyagraha encompassed his most central core value and belief of the truthful pursuit of non-violence. This idea is displayed through the formation of his ideas on civil disobedience, his implementation of the historic Salt March, and his reaction to the Quit India movement. Satyagraha provides a structural foundation for Gandhi’s ideas on the subject of non-violence and truth and the theory allows him to...
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...Disobedience Essay Thoreau expresses the Transcendentalist belief that all people must live as individuals, not as mindless parts of a society that may or may not be just. He claims that citizens have the power to create a better government, but they are afraid to take a stand and make changes without the support of the majority. An example of this is Gandhi’s Salt March against the British, who put a tax on their staple ingredient, salt. This is how Gandhi’s vigorous salt march began. Gandhi’s Salt March relates to Thoreau's idea in “Civil Disobedience,” because it shows how Gandhi refused to obey the British law and attempted to make his opinion known. Gandhi’s Salt March emphasizes Thoreau’s idea on how important it is for individuals to come together as a society and voice their opinions to the government on what they believe is right. The Salt March was a reaction to the British tax on salt. Mahatma Gandhi, the British, and some protesters were involved. The British had previously colonized India and therefore were trying to regulate their economy. The Salt March took place in India on March 12, 1930, due to the unreasonable tax on salt, which Gandhi didn’t find fair. He then started a...
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...asked by many historians. Mohandas Gandhi is greatly known for his nonviolence civil disobedience that helped to get India its independence. Gandhi wanted to be able to gain independence from Britain without the use of violence. His nonviolence movement inspired many since he was only one person who created such a large effect. Western countries found his nonviolent actions were very strange and that is most likely why Gandhi gained so much popularity in the first place. His unconventional tactics were what made his nonviolent plan work so well. Gandhi’s overall use of communication, unresisting tactics during protests, and self-sacrifice are what made Gandhi’s nonviolent movement work so well....
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...in history where the practice of civil disobedience has been used. The author Thoreau was the first person to use the practice. And like those who have been named, there has been a famous instance in history such as Gandhi on his quest to get rid of the british rule on his 240 mile march across India. The continent India was where one of the most famous acts of civil disobedience...
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...This defense led to completely nonviolent protests, such as burning his identification papers and starving himself when his followers would ignore his rules and resort to violence to get their message across. Gandhi's most famous protest was his salt march. Marched against Britain Salt Act, which stated that Indians could not buy or sell Salt, which was a staple in Indian culture. In order to protest this, as well as British rule, Gandhi decided to march two hundred and forty miles to the town of Dandi on the Arabian Sea to make his own Salt. Even though he originally started this trek on his own, throughout the march he was joined by tens of thousands of people. After this march Gandhi was jailed, but it brought to light issues in British Imperialism, and eventually India gained his...
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...experience. Some react with violence because that is all they know and others take the route of non-violence to make the same point or statement to the opposing side without causing havoc and violence. Two men, both seen as symbols of peace and harmony spent a great part of their lives advocating non-violence and peaceful protests during times of oppression and inequality. The commitment they made to their beliefs was to prove that the oppressed have the ability to change laws and make people realize inequalities. Martin Luther King Jr. and Mohandas Gandhi’s approach to resolve struggles of inequalities and oppression have changed the way people think through peace, non-violence and peaceful protests. Mohandas Gandhi, born in Western India on October 2nd, 1869, is often seen in images wearing a simple loin cloth and sandals and is well-known and accepted worldwide as the symbol for peace and solidarity. He is the man that became the character behind the teachings and advocate for non-violence or “satyagraha” (Washbrook, 1995). In the earlier years of his life, Mohandas Gandhi was known to be an obedient, shy and a soft-spoken child. At the tender age of 13, he was married to Kasurba, also his age through an arranged marriage. Five years later he...
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...“Mahatma (Great soul) Gandhi” or “Bapu (Father of the nation)” was the leader of Freedom fight and Indian Nationalism on the British rule in India. Mahatma Gandhi was the primary leader of India's independence movement and also the architect of a form of civil disobedience that would influence the world. Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in India. He was the youngest child for his parents Mohandas Gandhi and Putlibai Gandhi. He spent his childhood and his schooling in the city of Porbandar. Gandhi in his own biography describes his father as lover of his clan, truthful, brave and generous, but short-tempered, incorruptible and his mother being a very religious person. He also describes her as having very strong commonsense and highly intelligent. His father died before Gandhi could finish his schooling, and at thirteen he was married to Kasturbai, who was of the same age as Mohandas himself . She was illiterate. By nature she was simple, independent, persevering. They had 4 children together. At age 18, Gandhi left India, in order to study to become a barrister (lawyer) in London. His three-year stay in London he was a serious student and living a very simple lifestyle and stayed as a vegetarian. Gandhi successfully passed the bar on June 10, 1891 and sailed back to India. For the next two years, Gandhi attempted to practice law in India. Unfortunately, Gandhi found that he lacked both knowledge of Indian law and self-confidence at trial. When he was offered a year-long position...
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...Gandhi’s decisions in India, this paper focuses primarily on the “Gandhian” era of India from 1915 to his death in 1948. This analysis does not progress chronologically throughout Gandhi’s life, rather, I examine several different events through the scope of his many different leadership qualities. Being the Change: Leadership Qualities that Transformed a Nation Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, lived from 1869 to 1948, and is better known as Mahatma meaning high-souled, or Bapu in India, which means Father. Gandhi is well known throughout history for leading India to independence through non-violent means. He is often regarded as one of the greatest leaders of all time, and the high esteem in which Gandhi is regarded is pretty much universally accepted throughout the world. What I’m interested in here, however, is determining what specific leadership skills Gandhi mastered in order to achieve not only independence from a harsh, oppressive superpower, but also, the salvation of his followers. That is the issue that I will explore in this glimpse into the life of possibly, the greatest leader the world has ever known. By looking at some specific events, I will show how Gandhi employed both servant, and transformational leadership styles, and also, how he was a remarkable visionary. In order to comprehend Gandhi’s accomplishments, it is first necessary to understand the type of place India was prior to his rise as a leader. The British took direct control of India in 1858, which marked...
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...on the idea of nonviolent resistance. His campaign to end injustice was not aggressive, but rather it was defensive of the treatment of the African-American people during that time. The only violence that took place was the offensive cruelty of the “white moderate.” Martin Luther King Jr. and his supporters were nonviolent in their protests, similar to the nonviolent approach Mahatma Gandhi took when there was oppression in India in 1930. In March of 1930, Mahatma Gandhi led the Indian people on a satyagraha. This word has connotations of a “force contained in truth and love,” and it essentially means a nonviolent resistance (Erickson 23). The Salt March, in which Gandhi and his followers walked two hundred miles to the coast of India, ending in the town of Dandhi. They then waded into the ocean and collected the salt, and Gandhi encouraged the Indian people to make their own salt against government regulations (Erickson 29). This act was not violent, but it did resist the unfair laws of Great Britain forbidding the Indians to harvest and sell their own salt. Gandhi’s love for his homeland and his people led to his fighting for their rights. He recognized the truth in the fact that the Indian people should be able to rule their own land, and it was unfair for them to be under the administration of the British government. This concept of satyagraha, a force contained in truth and love, was the spirit of his nonviolent resistance against injustice. Like Gandhi, Martin Luther King...
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...Answer the following questions regarding Gandhi, King and Mandela: What Made Non-Violence Work? Any suspicion of plagiarism will result in a non-submission of assignment. Failure to complete assignment by the start of the fall semester or suspicion of plagiarism will result in a 5% loss of class average for the first semester grade. Read the background essay to gain more knowledge about these men. Answers should be typed. Plagiarized responses will receive no credit. Document D Questions: 1. What non-violent tactic is being threatened by Gandhi to protest the salt tax? 2. What is civil disobedience? 3. Provide an example of civil disobedience. 4. Inference: Why did Gandhi write the letter to Lord Irwin, telling him in advance what he intended to do? 5. What are the risks of civil disobedience to society? Document E Questions: 1. What is a lunch counter sit-in? 2. Is a lunch counter sit-in an example of civil disobedience? Why? 3. Explain the difference between a strike and a boycott? 4. How does King justify breaking the law at his trial? Examine the Picture 5. What can you tell me about the sit-in and the times from Blackwell’s photo? Explain. a. b. c. Document F Questions: 1. Does the document provide evidence that Mandela supported civil disobedience? Explain. 2. Did Mandela believe that acts of civil disobedience must be non-violent? 3. Under what circumstances...
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...Answer the following questions regarding Gandhi, King and Mandela: What Made Non-Violence Work? Any suspicion of plagiarism will result in a non-submission of assignment. Failure to complete assignment by the start of the fall semester or suspicion of plagiarism will result in a 5% loss of class average for the first semester grade. Read the background essay to gain more knowledge about these men. Answers should be typed. Plagiarized responses will receive no credit. Document D Questions: 1. What non-violent tactic is being threatened by Gandhi to protest the salt tax? 2. What is civil disobedience? 3. Provide an example of civil disobedience. 4. Inference: Why did Gandhi write the letter to Lord Irwin, telling him in advance what he intended to do? 5. What are the risks of civil disobedience to society? Document E Questions: 1. What is a lunch counter sit-in? 2. Is a lunch counter sit-in an example of civil disobedience? Why? 3. Explain the difference between a strike and a boycott? 4. How does King justify breaking the law at his trial? Examine the Picture 5. What can you tell me about the sit-in and the times from Blackwell’s photo? Explain. a. b. c. Document F Questions: 1. Does the document provide evidence that Mandela supported civil disobedience? Explain. 2. Did Mandela believe that acts of civil disobedience must be non-violent? 3. Under what circumstances might have Mandela supported...
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