...describe the sampling, data collection, and response rates for the five stakeholder groups involved in the outcome study. The five stakeholder groups are: 1) principal investigators, 2) peer reviewers, 3) NIH scientific review administrators, 4) NIH program and grants management staff, and institutional officials. The first section includes information on the size and origin of the sampling frames (population files), the sample sizes, sampling methods, and margins of error (confidence intervals) around the population estimates. The second section describes the data collection procedures and the last section provides the study response rates and calculations. 2. Sampling 1. Population The size and origin of each of the sampling frames, or population files, is described in detail below. 1. Principal Investigators In March 2004, NIH provided Westat with a population file that consisted of all people who had applied for a modular grant since its inception in June 1999. The population file contained a flag indicating whether or not the individual had ever been awarded a modular grant. The file also contained the principal investigators’ mailing address, telephone number, and email address. The size of these files was as follows: for individuals that had applied for but never received a modular grant, N=17,001 and for those that had applied for and received a modular grant, N=15,326. In April 2004, Westat sent the 32,327 case modular grant applicant file back to...
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...processed January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007 AUDIT OBJECTIVES: • To determine internal control compliance to sub objectives for payroll and personnel cycle, sales/revenue and collection cycle, and the acquisition and payment cycle. • To obtain control evidence and documentation about the existence, accuracy, classification, timing and completeness of recorded acquisition transactions. CRITERIA: Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 99 – Fraud Auditing Standards AUDITOR ASSIGNMENTS: John Butler – Sales and Collection David Sargent – Payroll and Personnel Perry Boydstun – Acquisition and Payment Cycle METHODOLOGY: Each auditor will perform their assigned area of tests of controls and substantive test using sampling techniques as appropriate. Strengths and weaknesses’ should be denoted by using a “S” or “W” on each area applicable area of the flowchart and checklist of each assigned area. The summary status (“Ss” and “Ws”) will be listed in the bridge worksheet for SOX 404 Audit analysis. Bridge Worksheet for Sales and Collection Cycle – SOX 404 Audit Public companies typically rely heavily on proper internal controls to maintain an effective sales and collection cycle. As such, AOW will need to expand the substantive tests of transactions to include tests on controls. First of all, it is vital for AOW to understand the sales and collection cycle and typical account balances within Apollo Shoes. Second, it is vital to understand the documentation...
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...Additional information will be required to complete Parts A and B and those files are available on BB. Hooplah, Inc. 9.6 Applying Audit Sampling Concepts to Tests of Controls and Substantive Testing in the Revenue Cycle Mark S. Beasley · Frank A. Buckless · Steven M. Glover · Douglas F. Prawitt l ea r n ing ob je C t ive s After completing and discussing this case you should be able to [1] Understand the differences between statistical and non-statistical sampling [2] Appreciate the professional judgment involved in determining the extent of sampling to be performed [3] Appreciate the role of sampling risk in determining sample size and in evaluating results Understand how to perform attribute sampling for tests of controls [5] Know how and why it is important to consider size- and risk-based substantive testing prior to obtaining evidence using audit sampling [6] Understand the implications of the results of tests of controls on substantive testing [4] INTRODUCTION Your audit firm, Garrett and Schulzke LLP, is engaged to perform the annual audit of Hooplah, Inc., for the year ending December 31, 2012. Auditing standards also allow The case was prepared by Mark S. Beasley, Ph.D. and Frank A. Buckless, Ph.D. of North Carolina State University and Steven M. Glover, Ph.D. and Douglas F. Prawitt, Ph.D. of Brigham Young University, as a basis for class discussion. It is not intended to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Hooplah, Inc...
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...Evidence Review Questions: 8-1. The three main tools the auditor might use in gathering and evaluating audit evidence are: • Audit sampling • Generalized Audit Software • Analytical procedures 8-2. Non-sampling risk is the risk that the auditor makes an improper assessment of inherent and/or control risk or did not apply audit procedures carefully. It can be minimized through: (1) Good hiring, training and supervision practices; and (2) Careful and knowledgeable review of audit documentation and audit procedures. Sampling risk is the risk that the misstatement projections based on the sample results lead to the wrong conclusion about the population because of a non-representative sample. Sampling risk can be reduced by increasing the sample size – to the extreme of auditing the entire population therefore eliminating sampling risk altogether. 8-3. Factors to consider when choosing between statistical and nonstatistical sampling include: • Need to quantify and control sampling risks. • Additional cost of designing, selecting, and evaluating a statistical sample. • Availability of computer software to assist in designing, selecting, and/or evaluating the sample. • Ability of the audit staff to properly implement statistical sampling. 8-4. a. Tolerable deviation rate depends on the significance of the control procedure being tested and the degree of reliance the auditor wishes...
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...Auditors decide on the basis of available data of organization including financial statements and notes to financial statements. There are certain decisions that use statistics to solve these decisions. These decisions are selection of sample financial data from the plenty of financial data. Correctly interpret the financial data through decisions making statistics tools available to auditors. a. Auditors investigate financial statements and other financial data and control system incorporate within the organization (Hope & Langli, 2010),. Financial resources are very important among other type of resources. Auditors therefore often investigate the problems associated with financial statements. Financial data consists of large data files including salary slips, material requisition, purchase invoice, sell invoice and taxes. Therefore managers prepare financial statements which is the summary of all financial data. For an auditors, it’s very difficult to investigate financial data and therefore they select sample historical data of the year and look for any issue. Decision are made on the basis of sample data which is being investigated by the auditors. Selection of sample is therefore very important and meaningful because auditors prepare audit report on the basis selected data. There are two major issue which are inaccurate selection of the sample data and sample data not representative of the population. If sample data is not...
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... 14-23 a. (4) b. (4) c. (2) 15-11 Sampling error is an inherent part of sampling that results from testing less than the entire population. Sampling error simply means that the sample is not perfectly representative of the entire population. Nonsampling error occurs when audit tests do not uncover errors that exist in the sample. Nonsampling error can result from: 1. The auditor's failure to recognize exceptions, or 2. Inappropriate or ineffective audit procedures. There are two ways to reduce sampling risk: 1. Increase sample size. 2. Use an appropriate method of selecting sample items from the population. Careful design of audit procedures and proper supervision and review are ways to reduce nonsampling risk. 15-24 a. (4) b. (3) c. (2) 16-20 a. (4) b. (4) c. (2) 16-21 a. (4) b. (2) c. (2) 16-22 a. (2) b. (1) 16-24 a. BALANCE-RELATED AUDIT OBJECTIVE b. PREVENTIVE INTERNAL CONTROL c. TESTS OF DETAILS OF BALANCES AUDIT PROCEDURES 1. Existing accounts receivable are included in the aged trial balance (com- pleteness). The accounts receivable master file should be reconciled to the control account periodically by an independent person. Foot the aged trial balance and compare the total to the general ledger. Trace a sample of accounts from the master file to the aged trial balance to determine if all are included. 2. Accounts receivable exist (existence). The accounts receivable master file should be reconciled to the control account...
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...Case By: Debbie Moy, BA. CGA 1 BC2- Introduction Public Practice Audit Case Contains: • Part 1 Client Background • Part 2 W/P Preparation. • Part 3 Student tasks. • Part 4 Working papers (ie. W/P) • Part 5 Permanent File • Part 6 Client documents • Part 7 Blank W/Ps’ 2 BC2 Table of Contents: 1. Welcome to BC2- Public Practice Audit Case! 2. Introduction 3. Student tasks (#1 to #10) 4. FAQ from students 5. Disposition sheet and Deficiency List 6. Handouts 7. Lecturer’s ideas for success! 3 1 BC2 Introduction: • How long does BC2 take to do? • Computer requirements: - Windows 2000 or higher - CaseWare (CGA version) - Internet access 4 BC2 Student Tasks • Task 1: Review client acceptance and engagement letter, takeover letter, and reply. . Task 2: Perform preliminary analysis. • Task 3: Determine materiality and assess risk. • Task 4: Gain an understanding of the client’s internal control and assess control risk. • Task 5: Design and perform tests of controls and dual purpose tests. 5 BC2 Student Tasks • Task 6: Perform audit of cash. • Task 7: Perform audit of accounts receivable using dollar unit sampling. • Task 8: Perform audit of inventory. • Task 9: Perform audit of accounts payable using non-statistical sampling. • Task 10: Complete the audit. 6 2 BC2 P. 3 Student Tasks • • • • • Client acceptance Establish Independence Obtain understanding of client’s business Perform preliminary analysis Overall Audit Assess inherent...
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...Facilitators/Tutors and Tutorials Summary . . . . INTRODUCTION Data collection methodology is a two credit unit first semester course available to first semester course available to students of Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) Library and Information science. 4 Research involves data collection, any discipline of the social sciences, education and even the sciences needs a sound knowledge of research; how to conduct research, ethics of research and generally to write a report or design a study. The use and importance of research cannot be overemphasized. All students undergoing any form of degree programme is required to write a project, thesis or dissertation. This course offers a complete guide to such write ups including statistical techniques in sampling measurements and ethics of research. What you will learn in this course The course consist of units and a course guide which informs you briefly...
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...sufficiently protected by police force. Data: The study uses American National Elections Study (ANES) data for the year 2012. ANES is a survey of voters in the United States, conducted before and after every presidential election. For the year 2012 the data were collected in 2 different modes (Internet mode and Face-to-face mode), using 2 separate samples. The global sample is composed of 5914 cases (2.054 face-to-face mode and 3.860 Internet mode). The observations are US citizens aged 18 or older. For the Internet mode, all study participants were members of the Knowledge Panel, a panel of regular survey participants administered by GfK (formerly Knowledge Networks). Panelists were recruited using two probability sampling methods: address-based sampling (ABS) and random-digit dialing (RDD). A sample of Knowledge Panelists received invitations to take the ANES Time Series survey. This sample was limited to U.S. citizens who would be at least 18 years old by Election Day, November 6, 2012, and was limited to one person per household. For the face-to-face mode, all sampled persons were interviewed in person. The sample includes a...
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...Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) LIMS as an information management system LIMS is the information management system used in the Analytical Laboratory, Water Laboratory and Biological Sciences Laboratory at Scientific Services. LIMS was implemented in July 2007 to improve work processes, traceability, turn-around time, data security and accountability and to incorporate the aspects and requirements of ISO 17025. Sample lifecycle using LIMS Sampling of samples Samples are sampled by either internal or external samplers. Our internal samplers perform their sampling routes using handheld units with a built-in GPS functionality that are interfaced with the LIMS system and capture valuable data e.g. sample date and time, distance travelled, field tests performed, sampling and field test notes. Logging samples Samples are logged into LIMS via bar-code scanning or scheduling. Once this is done, a unique sample number, which can be used as a tracking or reference number as part of the ISO 17025 standards, is assigned to it. A bar-coded label containing this number is attached to the sample bottle, and this is used in the laboratories for label scanning. Receiving, logging, bar-coding and distributing of samples is undertaken at our centralised Sample Receiving Area. Analysing and receiving of samples into the laboratory Samples are scanned into the various laboratories for traceability purposes, so as to define their exact location. Afterwards, Laboratory...
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...relevant to the process Learn how to identify which data to collect Understand sampling and other data collection techniques Why to collect data? • Data is used in process analysis − To quantify the problem at hand (“it takes too long for getting a passport” vs. “issuance of the passport takes 41 days on average”) − To identify which sub process is the least efficient − Shows bottlenecks, idle time, productive time • Use of Data in Monitoring & Evaluation − To identify the metrics to be monitored post implementation of BPR − Setting target metrics (“to-be” state) − To obtain baseline metrics (“as-is” state) -- To measure and showcase project success (“Average time for passport issuance has come down from 41 days to 5 days”) Measure of Excellence / Performance metrics Critical To Process metrics (CTPs) CTP parameters are the internal check for the health of the process What variables to select for data collection? • Broadly identify the universal set of independent variables (CTP) impacting the CTQ under consideration − Y = f(X1, X2, X3,….Xn) where Y is the CTQ (dependent variable) and Xis are the independent variables (CTPs) • Use a structured process for short-listing the CTPs for which data collection needs to be done • e.g.: Time taken for issuance of passport is a CTQ in the passport issuance process • Time taken for passport issue = f (time taken to file application, processing time, police verification time, …) Classes of...
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...Complete the audit & issue an audit report 1. Perform tests for presentation & disclosure 2. Accumulate final evidence 3. Evaluate results 4. Issue Audit Report 5. Communicate with audit committee & management 1. Perform test of controls 2. Perform substantive tests of transactions 3. Assess likelihood of misstatements in financial statements Accounts in the Sales and Collection Cycle 14-3 Sales and Sales returns Transaction 4 Accounts Sales Accounts receivable Business Functions Processing customer orders Granting credit Shipping goods Billing customers and recording sales Documents & Records Customer order Sales order Customer or sales order Shipping documents Sales invoice Sales transaction file Sales journal or listing Accounts receivable master file Accounts receivable trial balance Monthly statement Credit memo Sales return and allowances journal Sales returns and allowances Processing and recording sales returns and allowances Cash receipts Transaction 5 Accounts Cash in bank Accounts receivable Business...
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...processed January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007 AUDIT OBJECTIVES: • To determine internal control compliance to sub objectives for payroll and personnel cycle, sales/revenue and collection cycle, and the acquisition and payment cycle. • To obtain control evidence and documentation about the existence, accuracy, classification, timing and completeness of recorded acquisition transactions. CRITERIA: Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 99 – Fraud Auditing Standards AUDITOR ASSIGNMENTS: John Butler – Sales and Collection David Sargent – Payroll and Personnel Perry Boydstun – Acquisition and Payment Cycle METHODOLOGY: Each auditor will perform their assigned area of tests of controls and substantive test using sampling techniques as appropriate. Strengths and weaknesses’ should be denoted by using a “S” or “W” on each area applicable area of the flowchart and checklist of each assigned area. The summary status (“Ss” and “Ws”) will be listed in the bridge worksheet for SOX 404 Audit analysis. Bridge Worksheet for Sales and Collection Cycle – SOX 404 Audit Public companies typically rely heavily on proper internal controls to maintain an effective sales and collection cycle. As such, AOW will need to expand the substantive tests of transactions to include tests on controls. First of all, it is vital for AOW to understand the sales and collection cycle and typical account balances within Apollo Shoes. Second, it is vital to understand the documentation...
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...For this assignment, you will create a Brand map for a product or service category. After the map is created, you will write a management report of the implications of the map. For this assignment, you will use BrandMap Software™ to construct your map. This software is available on all computers in the Schulich computer lab (Room S336). You will have to run your map in the lab as the software cannot be copied onto your personal computer. To obtain data to create your map, you must write a short questionnaire and administer it to a minimum of five respondents. The data will then be input into Microsoft EXCEL and run using BrandMap Software. The map that you build must ask questions for at least five brands/products on a minimum of seven attributes. However, you can have more products or attributes if required for your product category. Product/Service Categories 1. I have randomly selected product/service categories for each student and posted these on the CMD. Please check the CMD to see the product/service category that has been selected for you. 2. In some cases, students may want to choose to create their map on a different product or service than the one I have selected for them. I will allow this, but students cannot choose any of the product categories that are already listed on the CMD or assigned to other students. Therefore, if you want to run your map on another category, you must choose a unique product/service and have this approved. If...
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...proposal development, but to assist you in setting out the proposal, in terms of text layout, section headings and sub-sections. The Research Proposal is a complete description of the intended research, developed under the supervision of the assigned supervisor. Through the full proposal, the student needs to demonstrate convincingly that the study will make a contribution to a public health issue or problem. The full research proposal must be between 5 and 10 pages and should present the following: ▪ Title ▪ Brief Introduction ▪ Background and statement of the problem (this in the light of a thorough literature review) ▪ Research question or hypothesis, aim and objectives ▪ Study design (type of study) ▪ Study population and sampling ▪ Data collection methods and instruments ▪ Data analysis methods – if applicable statistical planning must be fully addressed, or the candidate should provide evidence that statistics are not required. ▪ Mechanisms to assure the quality of the study – e.g. control of bias, safe storage of data ▪ Study period - Timetable for completion of the project ▪ Participants in the study – all people involved in the study, and the role they play, should be identified.* ▪ Ethical considerations ▪ Resources required for the study, including budget if applicable ▪ References ▪ Appendices (copy of questionnaire, consent forms, etc.) How to use this template: The template provides ALL the sections, headings and subheadings that you...
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