The fall of the Sasanian Empire

Introduction：

The Sasanian empire （224-651 AD） was one of the most influential periods in Iran’s history. The centralized structure of the Sasanian dynasty created a very effective army, which was important for both defense and conquest.

Dynasty background information：

The Sasanian Empire was established in Estakhr by Ardashir the first around 224 AD. The beginning of the Sasanian Empire was glorious, and the empire had gradually become wealthy by spreading out the trade routes in all directions. As people got more wealthy, they received more power and a lot of internal conflicts formed over time. However, most of the emperors focused on the wars with the Byzantine and the Rome and had “ignored” …show more content…
The Sasanian empire met its demise not by the Byzantine-Roman Empire, but by emerging Arab Muslims from across its southern borders.

However, I would still consider the fall of the Sasanian empire by the last Byzantine - Sasanian war of 602-628 AD. The devastating impact of the Byzantine - Sasanian war of 602-628, along with the cumulative effects of a century of almost continuous Byzantine-Persian conflict, left both empires crippled. The Sassanids were further weakened by economic decline, heavy taxation to finance Khosrow II's campaigns, religious unrest, and the increasing power of the provincial landholders at the expense of the Shah（a title given to the emperors, kings, princes, and lords of …show more content…
The existing Sassanid administrative structure proved the deficiency when faced with the combined demands of a suddenly expanded empire, economy, and population. Taxes rose dramatically and most people couldn’t pay. In fact, a “confederation” with the Parthians were created, who themselves maintained a high level of independence. Therefore, the Sasanian empire was ill-prepared and ill-equipped to defend against the Muslim armies. However, if the Byzantine - Sasanian war never happened, the Sasanian empire won’t become highly decentralized, and the number of internal conflicts would decrease. The trade routes and industry will not be ruined and the Sasanian empire’s economic system would stay the same, which means the Sasanian empire may have the resource to defense against the