...Five Musicological Fields: The study of music also known as musicology encompasses five distinct fields. These include the study of historical musicology, ethnomusicology, philosophy of music, psychology of music and acoustics (Nation-master, 2013). The first major field, historical musicology, is the study of musical origins including subjects such as composers, genres and musical notation. Ethnomusicology is the second major field of musicology and is based around the field studies on music in diverse cultures. Thirdly, the philosophy of music is concerned with the central question of ‘what is music’. Another major field is Psychology of music which relates to the effect music has on human beings. The last musicological field of acoustics is the study of the science of sound (Nation-master, 2013). These five fields make up the fundamentals of musicology and will be explored within this report. Historical musicology focuses on the progression of music over time. This field studies the progressive styles of compositions, performances, receptions and criticisms of music (Nation-master, 2013). The methods of studying historical musicology also include source studies, manuscript studies, textual criticism, style criticism, the choice of historical method, musical analysis, and the application of musical analysis (Nation-master, 2013). This field of study also examines the lives and work of composers and performers (Queensland Studies Authority 2008). Influences and impacts on...
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...Musical Literacy: The Stuff of Genius Keith Rulli COM 156 December 7, 2012 Karen Nowak Musical Literacy: The Stuff of Genius Literacy is the ability to read and write, which implies knowledgeability and capability of exercising one's ability through comprehension and expression. It is developed through learning and training in the intellectual and formal standards of a language. It is not a natural talent or innate capacity, therefore, it is not to be underestimated in importance. Standard, or formal English, differs from substandard, or informal English, as well as broken English and slang, because it is contrained by formal rules and elements. Language of a higher caliber is of greater worth because of its sophistication which breeds sophistication. People with a feebly sentimental attachment to their own nature and its affections may be complacently stifled from pursuing a sophisticated consciousness. Fluency and literacy are not the same. Fluency only requires a degree of understanding that gives one the ability to easily and readily express oneself. Often, illiterate or borderline illiterate individuals are able to speak and understand the English langauge in a basic way. People who speak the same language often speak different dialects identifiable by characteristic nuances. The concept of musical literacy is one that many people are unfamiliar with. Musical literacy is partially an understanding of the notation system that enables one to read notes...
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...that is not the case. It will also show why it is so important to have art and music classes in the elementary schools. It will also show how the teachers can help develop cognitive skills by using the arts in their lesson plan. They can intertwine the creative arts curriculum with other subject such as reading; math and science to develop better studying, concentration and listening skills. Studies will show that children need expressionism with the other subjects to complete their learning process. The review will show why the arts need to be implemented back in the curriculum of elementary schools. We have the opinions of others, that younger school children should be required to study math language; science and history are those people who think it may not be necessary to learn art and music. Contrary to those people's viewpoint, my strong opinion regarding that statement is that younger school children have to be required to study art and music. This literature review may point out that art and music play unique roles in our society. We can see art or hear music almost everywhere in our lives. For instance, art exists in our lamps, in our bottles, in our computers, or even in nature. Also, we can find music in restaurants, in concerts, in our phone rings, or even in the chirps of birds hopping on the fences of our balconies. To make a hypothesis, if art and music...
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...The influences of music in a child's life. Music comes in all shapes and forms. When most people think of music they think of what you hear on the radio but music is all around us. From a young age we have learned what music is, from hearing the sounds of our mothers voice, to hearing pots and pans bang in the kitchen while dinner is being prepared. When I looked up the definition of music it said "The art of arranging sounds in time so as to produce a continuous, unified, and evocative composition, as through melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre." Which means that music can pretty much be made out of everything we can get our hands on. How does this effect children, you may ask? How does it not effect children! Some benefits of music are it Stimulates the brain, "Music simply stimulates parts of the brain that are related to reading, math, and emotional development.", improve memory "Further research has shown that participation in music at an early age can help improve a child's learning ability and memory by stimulating different patterns of brain development," helps them socially by teaching them how to work together (in a band, choir, ect.) is a confidence builder, teaches patience, teaches discipline, fosters creativity and so much more. It is a shock to me that due to budget cuts, music class is the first to be cut in most schools. In my opinion music class should be just as important as math science or English. "Schools with music programs have significantly...
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...Wu Xie Tiara Taylor Question 1&2 1) Art: Bachelor of Science in Art Studio with Concentration in 2D/3D/Photo -A minor is required of students pursuing this 36-hour major in Art Studio. Bachelor of Fine Arts Jobs: Art book editor, art appraiser, art dealer, art critic, and art consultant. 2) Design, Technology, and Industry: Bachelor of Science in Graphic Design (Design, Technology and Innovation) Jobs: graphic design, digital design, editorial design, packaging design, and advertising design. 3) English: Bachelor of Science: English Major through the College of Communication & Fine Arts Bachelor of Science: English minor through the College of Communication & Fine Arts Jobs: news reporter, newspaper editor, digital copywriter, technical writer, and journalism. 4) Music: Bachelor of Music Education, Music Education (Instrumental and Choral Tracks) Bachelor of Science, Music Industry/General Music Master of Science, Music Education (Instrumental and Choral Tracks) Jobs: band director, audio production, artist manager, arts administrator, and composer. 5) Journalism: Master of Science in Strategic Communication Jobs: book editor, content producer, copywriter, grant writer, and news service writer. 6) Studio Art: Bachelor of Fine Arts in Studio Art with Tracks in 2D/3D/Photo/Digital Jobs: artist, painter, sculptor, illustrator, and art teacher. 7) Dance: B.F.A. Dance -Require Dance Minor Jobs: Professional...
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...Music Intervention School classes and topics range from various intellectual and emotional levels. The core classes that students develop in are usually not enough, as children are also provided with gym classes, art classes etc. All these classes are essential for every child, but there is one area of study that has proven to give students a pathway to better success and that is music programs. Music integrates and intertwines many of our social categories like culture, class, and language to unite us with one common bond. Although music has been able to touch so many minds, these important music programs have been subject to cutbacks in an attempt to save money for school districts. Whether it be because of reduce funding or simply canceling some of these music classes, children are being stripped of a class that gives them a certain block of time during a school day to have a unique creative experience. Recent research has raised the question that without this fundamental program, students academic achievement and development as an intellectuals, could be jolted, and our understanding of this important language called music could vanish right before our eyes. Music is a intricate language that incorporates many important characteristics of learning in school such as math, science, coordination and other spatial potentials. So the questions are raised as to whether music programs really aid a child’s development in not only the specific area of music, but in other...
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...Students who participate in art and music at school are often more likely to win awards for school attendance, and be elected into class office. In the 1930’s, art education flourished since the Federal Art Program (FAP) provided jobs to artists and musicians as art teachers in public schools. In 1947, National Art and Education Association (NAEA) was formed to assist public schools in the funding of art programs. Although, in 1958, art education dwindled. The National Defense Education Act was formed when people saw that Americans were falling behind in education and they concluded it was because not enough funding was going into necessary education. Therefore, the amount of schools that funded art education reduced. However, in 1962, John...
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...dating back many years on if schools should fund band and vocal music programs or not. Almost all high schools and colleges across the United States have these programs to some degree whether they are competing at a championship level or are having a difficult time trying to field enough members to hold a program. According to Statista, in 2014, there were 27.98 million musicians in the United States (Pladson). With all of the participation in music, these individuals are receiving many benefits. Although critcs who express that band and vocal music are a waste of money, schools should continue to fund these programs. One reason why music and band are beneficial to students is the knowledge they can learn from being involved in these extracurricular activities. Music programs teach individuals in ways other subjects cannot. Being a member in the band or vocal music can teach a person how to work together as a team. The playing of certain instruments need to match with the other sections of the band for the overall music to sound adequate. If one is louder or softer than another, those parts of the band will not...
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...The articles are related to music generation features referred papers based on high standard with detailed and informative purpose and claims in order to be reviewed by other peers. Music generation research has approach human and science to make our life become more and more completed in many ways to enhance human cognition, emotion, physiology and endocrine throughout the experiments and study . In this paper we will be analyzing the benefits and effectiveness of music interventions helps people in many other fields like computation, data machine, entertainment and especially human cognition. There are eight sources below to illustrate the range of task and main purposes of music applying the electrophysiological, biochemical measurement...
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...The Arts in Public Schools: Is It a Priority or Not? Everyone has taken some type of art program in school. Whether it was music, art, drama, creative writing, or visual arts. Some students may have learned something from it like any other class. The arts programs are very important to many students especially when they reach high school. They want to take that class and turn it into their career. Though some say it is not an important class and a distraction to the more important classes such as math, science, and English. The art and music programs in public schools are very important to the education for students. There is a debate that is currently suggesting that the education of art and music is linked to the “Educate America Act of 2000, which outlines the goals and standards for the nation’s education” (Flynn, 2011). According to the “Educate America Act lists arts education as a part of the core curriculum, the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) and the NEA are the federal agencies that are responsible for the federal funds for arts education; and to them the arts education is one of the lowest priorities” (Flynn, 2011). Many public schools offer art and music education at the levels of elementary school. It is a more local decision that is made to fund art and music education in higher school levels, which higher levels provide art and music classes that are optional to the students (Flynn, 2011). Seven successful universities had cognitive neuroscientists discover...
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...Playing Music for Mind & Body (LAE1) When the notion of playing music in a band is brought up, often times it conjures up images of the lewd and crude rock star lifestyle. At least, this is what we’ve come to expect to see from the media. But what most people don’t realize is that playing music can have a significant positive impact on an individual’s health, mental well-being and even IQ. A study from the New York Academy of Sciences takes aim at finding a link between musical training and increased intelligence. The study revealed an increase in grey matter in the brains’ of musicians as opposed to their non-musician counterparts. Researchers feel that this notable increase is in part due to the repetition that takes place during rehearsals which improves cognition and memory. So does learning to play music make a person smarter? Glenn Schellenberg, from the Department of Psychology at the University of Toronto, gives a resounding yes. His research into music and its cognitive abilities indicate short-term as well as long-term benefits. Mr. Schellenberg’s research goes on to point out an increase in participant’s IQ scores after only a couple of learning sessions. But music training has more in store than just intelligence benefits. According to a recent study conducted by The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), a person playing a musical instrument is less likely to feel depressed and more likely to feel healthy. The study goes...
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...Many times in public schools, there is a common chain of what is first to go when budgets are cut. Ninety percent of the time, arts education is the first to be lost. Arts education refers to any education in the disciplines of music, dance, theatre, and visual arts. There are many benefits to art programs in school. Most of the time, people don’t realize how much the arts affect a child’s life. These programs give children a safe place to explore their imagination or express their emotions. Many aspects of one's life are affected by having arts in the curriculum. Art courses in education can help to improve social and academic skills in a child's development throughout their life. The Arts Education Partnership broke down the different parts...
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...uses the artist’s body, face, and presence as a medium. The latter include; dance, drama, music, opera, theatre, magic, spoken word, circus arts and many such performed art. Body Painting- fine art It is a mode of expression which means it expresses spiritual motifs, feelings and ideas. Painting can be naturalistic and representational such as still life and landscape and it can also be photographic and abstract. Painting is one of the three romantic arts along with poetry and music for its symbolic, highly intellectual purpose. “The mona lisa” is one of the most recognisable artist painting in western world. So painting is meaningful in most people life. Sculpture – is an important form of public art (fine art) It is a three dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard material by the use of imagination. Sculpture is highly influential by its originality and genuineness which means it comes directly from the heart of the producer and reaches the heart of the consumer. A collection of sculpture in a garden may be referred to as a sculpture garden. Many sculptures seek new ways and material to make the art. For e.g. one of the most famous sculpture of Pablo Picasso was made of bicycle parts. So, we can say that, sculptures can be made of any solid material and is very delightful to the viewer. Architecture – fine art Architecture is described as the art and science of designing buildings...
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...The power of music: its impact on the intellectual, social and personal development of children and young people Susan Hallam, Institute of Education, University of London Executive Summary Recent advances in the study of the brain have enhanced our understanding of the way that active engagement with music may influence other activities. The cerebral cortex selforganises as we engage with different musical activities, skills in these areas may then transfer to other activities if the processes involved are similar. Some skills transfer automatically without our conscious awareness, others require reflection on how they might be utilised in a new situation. Perceptual, language and literacy skills Speech and music have a number of shared processing systems. Musical experiences which enhance processing can therefore impact on the perception of language which in turn impacts on learning to read. Active engagement with music sharpens the brain’s early encoding of linguistic sound. Eight year old children with just 8 weeks of musical training showed improvement in perceptual cognition compared with controls. Speech makes extensive use of structural auditory patterns based on timbre differences between phonemes. Musical training develops skills which enhance perception of these patterns. This is critical in developing phonological awareness which in turn contributes to learning to read successfully. Speech processing requires similar processing to melodic contour. Eight year old...
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...as a means of touching that part of us that we cannot reach with Physical Science, Social Science, or any of the Humanities. The arts allow us to be as specific or as abstract as we please. It helps us become closer to ourselves and to others around us. Though there has been a lot of confusion as to what the true definition of ?good art? is, how we show others what is going on in our minds and inner souls cannot be judged, graded, criticized or revised by anyone other than ourselves. The arts play a valued role in creating cultures and developing and documenting civilizations. The arts teach us how to communicate through creative expression. Show us how to understand human experiences, past and present. Prepare us to adapt to and respect the ways others think, work, and express themselves. Music, singing, dancing, poetry, and sketching are just a few of the different forms of art that I use to express myself in a way that I enjoy. Because each art discipline appeals to different senses and expresses itself through different media, each adds a special richness to the learning environment. Arts help people Learn to identify, appreciate, and participate in the traditional and non-traditional art forms of their own communities and the communities of others. Art teaches us how to be imaginative, creative, and reflective. Different art forms help us develop the verbal and nonverbal abilities necessary for lifelong learning. The intellectual demands of the arts help us develop...
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