...Table of Contents Managerial Economics: Bridging the gap between economic theory and business practice Introduction 3 Definition 3 Economic Theory Vs. Managerial Theory 4 Decision-making 6 Scope of Managerial Economics 6 Positive versus Normative Economics 7 Positive Economics 7 Normative Economics 7 Examples Demonstrating How Managerial Economics Translates Economic Theory into Business Practice 9 Demand Analysis and Forecasting 9 Cost and Production Analysis 10 Inventory Management 10 Advertising 11 Pricing Decision, Policies and Practices 11 Profit Management 11 Capital Management 12 Responsibilities of a Managerial Economist 13 Conclusion 15 Gadgets International: A Case Study Nature of the Case Study 16 About Gadgets International (GI) 16 Market/Industry Structure 17 Firm’s Objectives 19 Using Economic Theory to Attain Gadgets International’s Organizational Goals & Objectives 19 Optimal Output Level & Pricing Strategy 19 Inputs and Costs 22 Accommodating Change 24 Promoting Growth 25 Conclusion 26 Managerial Economics Bridging the gap between economic theory and business practice Introduction The science of Managerial Economics has emerged only recently. With the growing variability and unpredictability of the business environment, business managers have become increasingly concerned with finding rational and ways of adjusting to an exploiting environmental change. Managerial economics generally refers to the integration...
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...Purpose of Managerial Accounting M B Colorado Technical University Online August 26, 2014 Purpose of Managerial Accounting The purpose of this presentation is to convey the importance and purpose of managerial accounting, how the managerial accountants support the strategic decisions, ways strategies can be implemented by management and strategy implementation steps that managers can take. As the Board of Directors you will be charged with interpretation of information provided by the accountants. As a board using the financial and managerial accountants’ reports and feedback will assist with the planning and execution of decision that will strategically allow all employees from management down to the front line to operate efficiently. The purpose of managerial accounting is to take historical information, such as financial statements, budgets and operations reports to create a plan focus inwardly within the company. Managerial accounting is a system of providing and measuring financial and operational information. The system is designed to motivate behaviors, guides managerial action, and support and create necessary cultural values needed to achieve an organization’s strategic objectives (Geense, 2005). Managerial accounting is comprised of 4 ideas that are the key to its definition. The ideas capture the purpose, scope, attributes and nature of managerial accounting. Cost and operational information, including some financial information define the scope. Reaching...
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...MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Study material COMPLEMENTARY COURSE For I SEMESTER B.COM/BBA. (2011 Admission) UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION CALICUT UNIVERSITY P.O. MALAPPURAM, KERALA, INDIA - 673 635 409 School of Distance Education UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Study Material COMPLEMENTARY COURSE I SEMESTER B.COM/BBA Managerial Economics Prepared by: Module I, II, V(A) : Sri. M.V. Praveen, Asst. Professor, Dept. of Commerce, Govt. College Madappally. Module III, IV & V (B) : Sri. Vineesh A.K., Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Govt. College, Madappally. Dr.K.Venugopalan, Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, Govt. College, Madappally. © Reserved Edited & scrutinized by : Managerial Economics-I Sem.B.Com/BBA 2 School of Distance Education CONTENTS MODULE PARTICULARS PAGE NO. 5 12 33 42 1 II III IV INTRODUCTION DEMAND CONCEPTS PRODUCTION MARKET STRUCTURES AND PRICE OUTPUT DETERMINATION PRICING POLICY AND PRACTICES BUSINESS CYCLE V (A) V (B) 60 66 Managerial Economics-I Sem.B.Com/BBA 3 School of Distance Education Managerial Economics-I Sem.B.Com/BBA 4 School of Distance Education MODULE I INTRODUCTION Introduction The term “economics” has been derived from a Greek Word “Oikonomia” which means „household‟. Economics is a social science. It is called „social‟ because it studies mankind of society. It deals with aspects of human behavior....
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...MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Study material COMPLEMENTARY COURSE For I SEMESTER B.COM/BBA. (2011 Admission) UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION CALICUT UNIVERSITY P.O. MALAPPURAM, KERALA, INDIA - 673 635 409 School of Distance Education UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Study Material COMPLEMENTARY COURSE I SEMESTER B.COM/BBA Managerial Economics Prepared by: Module I, II, V(A) : Sri. M.V. Praveen, Asst. Professor, Dept. of Commerce, Govt. College Madappally. Module III, IV & V (B) : Sri. Vineesh A.K., Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Govt. College, Madappally. Dr.K.Venugopalan, Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, Govt. College, Madappally. © Reserved Edited & scrutinized by : Managerial Economics-I Sem.B.Com/BBA 2 School of Distance Education CONTENTS MODULE PARTICULARS PAGE NO. 5 12 33 42 1 II III IV INTRODUCTION DEMAND CONCEPTS PRODUCTION MARKET STRUCTURES AND PRICE OUTPUT DETERMINATION PRICING POLICY AND PRACTICES BUSINESS CYCLE V (A) V (B) 60 66 Managerial Economics-I Sem.B.Com/BBA 3 School of Distance Education Managerial Economics-I Sem.B.Com/BBA 4 School of Distance Education MODULE I INTRODUCTION Introduction The term “economics” has been derived from a Greek Word “Oikonomia” which means „household‟. Economics is a social science. It is called „social‟ because it studies mankind of society. It deals with aspects of human behavior....
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...2012-2013 Semester –I ITM UNIVERSITY, NEW RAIPUR Master of Business Administration Semester –I List of subject for Academic Session 2012 – 13. Serial No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. List of Subjects Principles of Management Managerial Economics Financial Accounting Environment Management Quantitative Techniques Business Legislation Communication Skills- I Computers for Managers ITM UNIVERSITY, RAIPUR Master of Business Administration Subject: Principles of Management Semester-I Unit I Introduction - Nature, function, definition and importance of management, Definition, nature, purpose and scope of management, Functions of a manager, an overview of planning, organizing, staffing leading and controlling. Is management a science or art? Unit II Development of Management Thought - Scientific management; Contribution of Taylor, Fayol, Mary Follet, Elton Mayo; Hawthorne experiments, Contingency approach, Indian heritage in production and consumption. Management and administration, Management as a profession, Professionalism of management in India, Management ethics and management culture, Skills required of manager, Classification of skills, Methods of skills development. Unit III Management Planning - Concept of planning, objectives, Nature, Types of plan, Stages involved in planning, Characteristics of a good plan, Importance, Limitations of planning, Making planning effective, Strategic planning in Indian Industry, MBO. Decision Making - Concept, characteristics of decisions...
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...Managerial Economics : Definition, Nature, Scope Managerial economics is a discipline which deals with the application of economic theory to business management. It deals with the use of economic concepts and principles of business decision making. Formerly it was known as “Business Economics” but the term has now been discarded in favour of Managerial Economics. Managerial Economics may be defined as the study of economic theories, logic and methodology which are generally applied to seek solution to the practical problems of business. Managerial Economics is thus constituted of that part of economic knowledge or economic theories which is used as a tool of analysing business problems for rational business decisions. Managerial Economics is often called as Business Economics or Economic for Firms. Definition of Managerial Economics: “Managerial Economics is economics applied in decision making. It is a special branch of economics bridging the gap between abstract theory and managerial practice.” – Haynes, Mote and Paul. “Business Economics consists of the use of economic modes of thought to analyse business situations.” - McNair and Meriam “Business Economics (Managerial Economics) is the integration of economic theory with business practice for the purpose of facilitating decision making and forward planning by management.” - Spencerand Seegelman. “Managerial economics is concerned with application of economic concepts and economic analysis to the problems of formulating...
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...PROGRAMME STRUCTURE FOR ISBE (PG) |S No |Subject |Credit | |1. |Business Statistics |3 | |2. |Operations & Optimization Research |3 | |3. |Economics for Managerial Decision Making – II |2 | |4. |Management Information System & KM |2 | |5. |Human Resource Management |2 | |6. |Financial Management |2 | |7. |Executive Communication |6 | |8. |National Economic Planning – I (Presentation Only) |2 | |9. |National Economic Planning - II |2 | BUSINESS STATISTICS (As per University...
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...F.Y.B.A. Paper – I Economic Theory (Micro Economics-I) SECTION – I Module 1 : Introduction Meaning, nature, scope, significance and limitations of micro economics. Ceteris Paribus – use and significance. Concept and types of equilibrium : stable, unstable, static and dynamic equilibrium – partial equilibrium and general equilibrium, positive economics and normative economics, managerial economics. Basic concepts – wealth, welfare and scarcity. Basic tools of economics analysis (equations and functions, graphs and diagrams, slope and intercepts) Module 2 : Consumers Behaviour and Demand Marishallian Approach : Equi-marginal utility, Law of demand – Determinants of demand. Elasticity of demand and its measurement. Price – Income – Cross and Promotional elasticity of demand. Consumer’s Surplus. Hicksian Approach : Indifference curves – properties of Indifference Curve, Consumer’s Equilibrium, Price effect, Income effect and substitution effect – Derivation of demand from Price Consumption Curve (PCC) – Giffen’s paradox. Samuelson Approach : Revealed Preference Theory. Module 3 : Production and Cost Analysis Concept of production function : short run and long run – Cobb – Douglass production function. isoquants – iso-cost line – producer’s equilibrium. Law of variable proportion and Law of returns to scale – Economies of scale – Economies of scope. Concepts of costs : Money and real cost, Opportunity cost, Social cost, Private cost – Derivation of short run and long run cost curves–...
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...C H A P T E R 1 The Nature and Scope of Managerial Economics chief of Omaha, W arren E. Buffett, the renowned chairman andstartedexecutive officerpartnership Nebraska-based Berkshire Hathaway, Inc., an investment with $100 in 1956 and has gone on to accumulate a personal net worth in excess of $30 billion. It is intriguing that Buffett credits his success to a basic understanding of managerial economics. Berkshire’s collection of operating businesses includes the GEICO Insurance Company, Buffalo News newspaper, See’s Candies, and the Nebraska Furniture Mart. They commonly earn 30%–50% per year on invested capital. This is astonishingly good performance in light of the 10%–12% return typical of industry in general. A second and equally important contributor to Berkshire’s outstanding performance is a handful of substantial holdings in publicly traded common stocks such as The American Express Company, The Coca-Cola Company, and Wells Fargo & Company. As both manager and investor, Buffett looks for ‘‘wonderful businesses’’ with outstanding economic characteristics: high rates of return on invested capital, substantial profit margins on sales, and consistent earnings growth. Complicated businesses that face fierce competition or require large capital investment and ongoing innovation are shunned.1 Buffett’s success is powerful testimony to the practical usefulness of managerial economics. Managerial economics answers fundamental questions. When are the characteristics of a market...
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...MANAGEMENT EXTEND ACROSS FINANCIAL, PRODUCTION, MARKETING LEGAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES. DEFINITION: “MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IS THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING FINANCIAL AND NON FINANCIAL INFORMATION TO ASSIST MANAGERS AT ALL LEVELS OF AN ORGANIZATION. MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SHOULD BE DESIGNED TO MEET MANAGER’S SPECIFIC NEEDS AS THEY CARRY OUT THEIR PLANNING AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS AND MAKE SHORT AND LONG TERM DECISIONS.” OR “THE PRIMARY GOAL OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING IS TO PROVIDE INFORMATION THAT HELPS MANGERS PLAN AND EVALUATE COMPANY ACTIVITIES AND MAKE BUSINESS DECISION. PROVIDING INFORMATION FOR PLANNING, EVALUATION AND DECISION MAKING IS THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING. MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING vs. FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING USERS OF INFORMATION ➢ FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING IS AIMED PRIMARILY AT EXTERNAL USERS LIKE BANKS ,SHARE HOLDERS, CREDITORS, STOCK EXCHANGE ETC EXTERNAL USERS NEED INFORMATION TO MAKE INVESTMENT , LENDING AND REGULATION DECISON WHERE AS MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING IS AIMED PRIMARILY AT INTERNAL USERS (MANAGERS AT ALL LEVELS) WHO NEED INFORMATION FOR ROUTINE PLANNING AND EVALUATION DECISION OF FIRM’S INTERNAL...
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...KAPURTHALA Scheme and Syllabus of Masters in Business Administration (MBA) Batch 2012 onwards By Board of Studies Business Administration Punjab Technical University Scheme of (MBA) Batch 2012 Onwards First Semester Course Code Course Title Load Allocation L T P 4 1 4 4 4 4 3 3 28 1 1 1 1 2 2 7 - Contact Hours: 36Hrs. Marks Distribution Internal 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 280 External 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 50 470 Total Marks 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 50 750 Total Marks 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 50 750 Total Marks 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 50 750 Credits MBA 101 MBA 102 MBA 103 MBA 104 MBA 105 MBA 106 * MBA 107 * MBA 108 Principles and Practices of Management Organizational Behaviour Accounting for Management Quantitative Techniques Managerial Economics Business Communication Information Technology for Management Viva Voce Total Course Title 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 37 Credits Second Semester Course Code Contact Hours: 34 Hrs Load Marks Distribution Allocation L T P Internal External 4 1 40 60 4 1 40 60 4 4 4 4 3 27 1 1 1 1 6 40 40 40 40 40 280 60 60 60 60 60 50 470 MBA 201 MBA 202 MBA 203 MBA 204 MBA 205 MBA 206 BTHU 101* MBA 207 Business Environment Production and Operation Management Human Resource Management Marketing Management Financial Management Research Methodology Human Values and Professional Ethics Viva Voce Total Course Title 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 2 35 Credits Third Semester Course Code Load Allocation L T P 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 3 27 1 1 1 1 1 6 Marks Distribution Internal 40 40...
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...and the empirical work done therein. The Summer Project Report should demonstrate competence in using or developing a model or a set of hypotheses, collecting and interpreting data, reaching conclusions and drawing implications for managerial practices. It should also highlight the impact of actions in one area or function, on the other area or functions in the organisation. The recommendations made in the Summer Project Report should be in both quantitative (costs and benefits) as well as qualitative terms, as far as possible. It is pertinent to note that the Summer Project Report represents a visible concrete output and would, therefore, have demonstrable potential enabling individuals to pursue further work on the theme by way of Ph.D. programme. It is also the output which may stand as testimony of the student's demonstrated skills and potential in the managerial arena. Topic for Summer Project Report Once the student has come up with a promising idea, he/she should subject it to careful scrutiny to determine whether it meets the following criteria: i) ii) iii) iv) It should sustain student interest and stimulate his/her imagination, so that he/she will bear upon it with his/her full creative abilities. It should be manageable in size scope, keeping in view the...
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...evolution of the modern approach and the concept of marketing. To facilitate the study, these different approaches may be broadly classified as the commodity approach, the institutional approach and the managerial approach. Besides these well recognized and established approaches, of late, the recently developed societal and systems approaches have been attracting considerable attention. A brief description of these different approaches is given below, reflectionghtie respective focus and characteristics. (A) Commodity Approach : In the commodity approach to the study of marketing, the focus of study is a specific commodity, say, wheat, rice, approach, the subject matter of discussion around the specific commodity selected for the study; nature and extent of demand, the distribution channels used and the function, such as buying , selling , financing, advertising, storage repeating such studies in case of different commodities one gets a compete picture of the entire field of marketing. (B) Functional Approach : In the functional approach, the focus of market study is on the different kinds of function which are recognized for thief repetitive occurrences’ and are necessarily performed to consummate market transaction. Though there is no unanimity about the number and nature of function that...
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...within a 150 mile radius of Denver, is enforceable in Colorado ? SHORT ANSWER Yes. Locks appears to meet the state’s statutory exception for the managerial personnel under the statutory test, and the duration of the non-compete likely meets the reasonableness standard under the common law test. Enforceability thus hinges on the court finding the geographic scope of the non-compete reasonable. The 150 mile radius here extends beyond the 100 miles typically enforced by courts, but given the circumstances, the court will likely find that the geographic scope is reasonable. FACTS Emily Jackson started her casserole business, “Betty Crockette”after learning how to bake from her friend, Clara Locks. Betty Crockette initially serviced the LoHi neighborhood in Denver but demand for her product grew. Despite the success, the workload was overwhelming, and Jackson realized she lacked Jackson’s talent and experience as a...
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...the body of knowledge of human resources, fully expand on the insights that it provides and launch my career into a new phase. Choosing human resource management as a career path will advance my prospects immensely. My interest in human resource management centres on the fact that it involves extensive interaction with people from all walks of life. According to George R. Terry, Management is also a human activity and hence it must have definite aims and objectives. "A managerial objective is the goal which prescribes definite scope and suggests the efforts of a manager." The main objective of management as given by George R. Terry: Goal, Scope, Definiteness, and Direction. From manager's point of view, objectives are the values which are to be achieved. The scope of values of every business enterprise must be well defined in which more than one goal can also be included. For achieving the objectives, it is essential that the managerial objectives are clear and definite. Management is related with human behavior and the same is changing. Different groups and different men, even in the same group of people behave differently under different circumstances. Although management is a universal concept and applicable to every kind of organization, however, there exist differences among organizational...
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