...BALANCE SCORECARD 1. Explain what is balanced scorecard? The balanced scorecard is a strategic planning and management system that is used extensively in business and industry, government, and nonprofit organizations worldwide to align business activities to the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external communications, and monitor organization performance against strategic goals. The balanced scorecard is a performance measurement framework that added strategic non-financial performance measures to traditional financial metrics to give managers and executives a more 'balanced' view of organizational performance (Kaplan and Norton). The balanced scorecard has evolved from its early use as a simple performance measurement framework to a full strategic planning and management system. The “new” balanced scorecard transforms an organization’s strategic plan from an attractive but passive document into the "marching orders" for the organization on a daily basis. It provides a framework that not only provides performance measurements, but helps planners identify what should be done and measured. It enables executives to truly execute their strategies. Kaplan and Norton describe the innovation of the balanced scorecard as follows: "The balanced scorecard retains traditional financial measures. But financial measures tell the story of past events, an adequate story for industrial age companies for which investments in long-term capabilities and customer...
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...WHAT IS A BALANCED SCORECARD? According to Robert Kaplan and David Norton, the founders of the Balanced Scorecard, "The balanced scorecard retains traditional financial measures. But financial measures tell the story of past events, an adequate story for industrial age companies for which investments in long-term capabilities and customer relationships were not critical for success. These financial measures are inadequate, however, for guiding and evaluating the journey that information age companies must make to create future value through investment in customers, suppliers, employees, processes, technology, and innovation. (4)" In essence, the Balanced Scorecard is a performance management system used in multitude of organizations throughout the world. It is used to develop an organization’s goals and mission that will enhance the success it has with its customers and employees. HISTORY Although first developed in the early 1990’s by Robert Kaplan and David Norton of the Harvard Business School and coined “Balanced Scorecard” in the early 1990’s, Kaplan and Norton’s method originally stemmed from the pioneering work of General Electric on performance measurement reporting in the 1950’s and the dashboard performance measures from French process engineers in the early 20th century (4) The idea behind this performance measurement tool developed from the fact that traditional performance measurement systems, mostly financial performance indicators, were insufficient in...
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...Executive Summary According to Bento, “the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) has been proposed as an integrated framework for the implementation of financial and nonfinancial performance measures that helps organizations align their initiatives with the organization’s strategy” (2013). The Balanced Scorecard offers management a system to use in plotting strategic objectives through four perspectives. The financial perspective is determined by the outcome of management’s implementation of the internal processes perspective, customer perspective, and learning and growth perspective. Aon Corporation is the “leading provider of risk management, insurance and reinsurance brokerage” (Aon, 2014). Using the Balanced Scorecard my operating segment, Benefit Marketing Solutions, can examine an implement each of the four perspectives by obtaining information on how we can achieve Aon standards in the operation of our business segment. Implementing the Balanced Scorecard, I will assess how our financials can improve by achieving the objectives of maximizing company profits, increasing our gross profit margin per client, and decreasing our accounts payable days. The first factor I will investigate is our customer perspective and how increasing customer loyalty, customer exposure, and customer education will improve upon our financials. The second factor I will investigate is the internal perspective and how effective company alliances, effective customer service, and effective payment of...
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...Balanced Scorecard The BSC is a planning & management system which can be widely applied to organizations and companies regardless of size or type of business. The technique, extensively used in business and industry, government, and non-profit organizations worldwide, provides a method of aligning business activities to the vision & strategy of the organization, integrating internal & external communications, & keeping a watch on organization performance against strategic goals. It was developed by Robert Kaplan and David Norton of Harvard University in 1990. The line of the balanced scorecard runs deep, and include the revolutionary and path breaking work of General Electric on performance measurement coverage in the late 1950’s and the work of French engineers in the early part of the 20th century in France. Due to the fact that balanced scorecard term is a generic, it is interpreted differently by different people, and in practice, there are wide variations in both understanding and implementation. To some, the balanced scorecard is just a simple control panel indicating performance measures, while to others it is a inclusive planning and management system encompassing the whole organization and planned to focus efforts on business strategy and more significantly on performance and results. The balanced scorecard has steadily developed from its early use as a simple performance measurement framework for non-financial performance measures to a full strategic planning and...
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...IV. How can you utilize the scorecard approach/es in allocating operational risk capital? Operational risk is hard to quantify because it is the risk resulting to personnel or organizational error, technological inadequacies or failure in processes which also include external factors. Operational risk scorecards show the operational risk profile of a company through the use of scores. Through the scorecard approach, the bank will use scorecards to modify the amounts of the initial level of operational risk capital determined at the bank’s business line. 1. The bank can apply expert knowledge to estimate distribution functions 2. Reflect the Level of operational risk: adjustment on the result of the scorecard 3. Identify the Source of Operational risk: This will help in specifically what part of the product or business lines and which units causes operational risk 4. Present causes of operational risk: management can take actions on what the operational scorecard shows which will help mitigate operational risk 5. Reflect on quality of operations: the operational risk level of a bank depends on the quality level. Changes on operational level can help reduce current risk by improving quality of operations. 6. Supplement information: information is really vital and it will help for the bank to pinpoint which contributes to its current operational risk. 7. Adjust on the current level of operational risk: this will allow for the management to set...
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...The Perfect Scorecard Daniel Partello HTT 220 Leigh Lawrie 5.15.2011 As in any company out there these days the hospitality industry is doing whatever it can to make sure that it is doing what it can to take care of the customer. That is the bottom line to any business to help that business do what it needs to do to become profitable, because that is what it boils down to, making money. Without making money there is no point in having the business, it ends up being a loss to everyone involved and can have horrible effects to all of those involved. A balanced scorecard is something that helps managers and executives see how they are measuring up to these expectations (Nyheim, 2005). I personally do not work in the hospitality industry yet, but am very familiar with the basic concept of what is being shown on these scorecards as the example shows in the book. The hospitality industry is not the only one that uses such an item, as I work in retail and we have something very similar that we look at each day to see where our numbers are. It shows thing such as numbers of rooms being booked and services being sold not to mention labor costs and other numbers that are vital to pay attention to, to see where the business stands number wise. Looking at this scorecard you can see that many departments collect data and I am sure that not all of the departments are shown. Marketing, room reservations, and guest satisfactions are just a few shown clearly here. I would...
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...Name: Course number: Professor’s name: Date: Balanced Scorecard The use of the balanced scorecard (BSC) is quite common management tool for most organizations. Some organizations has found certain drawbacks that have made them not to adopt this management tool. The use of this instrument requires proper training and understanding of it thus making it time-consuming. The process of using it also requires accuracy as any slight mistake leads to undesired results. Due to the complexities of this management tool, many employees do not favor its implementation and may cause resistance. The most notable factor that drives away most organizations from using this tool is the high costs involved (Kathy & McKay, 2013). It requires higher costs to install as well as other maintenance costs. However, despite these costs, it is important for organizations to adopt this management tool due to its unmatched benefits. It offers instant results on the balanced view of a company’s performance something that is not achievable by any other method. The use of sensitivity analysis is very crucial during capital budgeting for a project. The sensitivity analysis helps in relaying the scenarios that will occur in case the assumptions made during the capital budgeting process do not materialize. Managers can determine the extent of the effects that might occur if a project does not deliver. It makes sensitivity analysis a very crucial process during any capital budgeting process. It helps in managers...
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...Balanced Scorecard Key Concept Explanation The balanced scorecard, first introduced by Harvard business professor Robert Kaplan and business consultant David Norton, is a performance measurement system (Peters, 2014). In the early 90s, as the concept of the balanced scorecard was introduced, companies largely used financial standards to measure performance. The financial evaluations were highly focused and lacked an evaluation of strategic objective (Janes, 2014). The balanced scorecard provides performance measurement that includes four main perspectives including financial, customer, internal business processes and learning and growth. Key performance indicators (KPIs) are chosen for each section based upon strategic objectives. Once established the KPIs can be laid out into a strategy map that creates an easy visual aid. The strategy maps allows for easy dissemination from management to employees with clear understanding. In determining the KPIs, the objective is to look at the strategy at hand and determine the causal relationship, answering the “if” and “then” questions (Janes, 2014). The cause and effect relationship is advantageous due to its ability to allow qualitative questions to be determined. The balanced scorecard is a commonly accepted performance measurement tool. The evaluation of performance can often be a difficult task. Particularly in the non-profit sector where the financial outlook may not paint a full picture, a balanced scorecard can step...
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...Putting the Balanced Scorecard to Work Managers recognize the impact that measures have no performance but they think that measurement is an essential part of strategy. Effective management however is an integral part of management process. New strategies and process are being introduces to improve performance without examining whether old measures of performance are relevant or whether new one is necessary. The balanced scorecard combines an effective measurement system that help a company’s strategic objectives with a management system that can help drive changes in key areas such as products process customer and market development. The scorecard presents manager with four different perspectives from which to choose measures.it compliments traditional finance indicators with measures of performance for customer internal process and innovation and improvement activities. The measure of the balance scorecard helps focus a company’s strategic vision encourages thinking about current and future success and helps provide a balance between external and internal measures. This helps manager to see what tradeoffs they are making among their key success factors. Looking at the balanced scorecard measures of a company which should be different for every company it should be clear that what is the company strategy. Many companies used balance scorecard. Rock water a global engineering and Construction Company used balanced scorecard to respond to their changing industry. The CEO &...
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...engaged in strategic planning there has been an on-going dilemma. The finished product, the strategic plan, has not communicated and reached the end user. Sure strategic plans are nice to look at, full of bar charts, nice covers, well written, and professionally prepared; but they simply have not impacted the people who must execute the strategic plan. The end result has been poor execution of the strategic plan throughout the entire organization. And the sad fact of the matter is that execution of the strategic plan is everybody’s business, not just upper level management. Upper level management creates the strategy, but execution takes place from the bottom up. Chapter 1 So why do strategic plans fail? According to the Balanced Scorecard Collaborative, there are four barriers to strategic implementation: 1. Vision Barrier – No one in the organization understands the strategies of the organization. 2. People Barrier – Most people have objectives that are not linked to the strategy of the organization. 3. Resource Barrier – Time, energy, and money are not allocated to those things that are critical to the organization. For example, budgets are not linked to strategy, resulting in wasted resources. 4. Management Barrier – Management spends too little time on strategy and too much time on short-term tactical decision-making. Only 5% of the workforce understands their company strategy. Only 25% of managers have incentives linked to strategy. 60% of organizations...
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...The Balanced Scorecard - Measures that Drive Performance Robert Kaplan and David Norton Harvard Business Review OnPoint 2000 Jennifer Oberly Oklahoma Wesleyan University Advanced Managerial Accounting BUSI 5243 Bill Elliott October 04, 2011 The Balanced Scorecard - Measures that Drive Performance The purpose of this article was to look at what information companies are using to rate themselves and determine what areas need improvement. This article focuses on the concept that companies should be taking in a number of factors when determining how they are doing in a market. The authors set to show how using more than just financial information is vital to obtaining the complete picture of how a company is performing. They feel that using four to five key areas provides more accurate information and can show how improvement in one area could be at the cost of another area. The authors spent over a year looking in depth at twelve companies and implementing their balanced scorecard to show that by using a wider array of data elements can provide a better overall evaluation of a companies performance. The target audience for this article is any business or company that is looking to improve their performance. The authors focus on one company and show how applying their balanced scorecard method can help a company plan...
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...Acknowledgement 2 Table of Contents 3 Executive Summary 4 HR Scorecard – The Birth 5 HR Scorecard 6 Indicators of HR Scorecard 8 Balanced Scorecard 10 Relation between HR Scorecard & Balance Scorecard 11 Designing HR Scorecard 12 The Implementation 14 Sample HR Scorecard 15 Primary Research Industry Example: The Taj Group 16 Industry Example: NTPC 17 Pros & Cons 18 Conclusion 19 References 20 Executive Summary This project is based on finding the rationale behind the development of HR Scorecard and the reasons behind its successful implementation in companies worldwide. HR Scorecard is a tool used by the organization to match HR deliverables with the strategic aspect of the business. It provides a platform to measure HR performance and efficiency and how it can be molded to adapt to the ever-changing strategies of the company. First the strategy of the business is identified and the basis of that, KPIs of HR Scorecard is designed. Implementation of HR Scorecard involves complete acceptance of the system by the employee as well as the employer. Also it requires the development of a flexible system, which can be revised and reformed according to different scenarios. Overall Performance of Company The Company’s capacity to implement strategy Strategically Focused Employees Performance Measurement System HR Strategic Alignment Knowledge Management System HR Scorecard helps to highlight the role of the HR as that of the Strategic Business...
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...Since the 1990s, the Balanced Scorecard system has cut a path in business as a more rigorous way to measure performance by quantifying what had been considered intangible assets, such as human capital, information, and culture. The system draws strength from four perspectives: 1) financial measures; 2) customers; 3) internal processes; and 4) learning and growth. Developed by HBS professor Robert S. Kaplan, chairman of the Balanced Scorecard Collaborative, and David P. Norton, co-founder with Kaplan and president of the Balanced Scorecard Collaborative, the system has led to three books that take the ideas further, starting with The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action (1996) and The Strategy-Focused Organization: How Balanced Scorecard Companies Thrive in the New Business Environment (2000). Most recently, Kaplan and Norton have built on the original, four-perspective model of the Balanced Scorecard, and they link it with the time-based dynamics of strategy in their latest book, Strategy Maps: Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible Outcomes (Harvard Business School Press, 2004). In this e-mail interview, Kaplan discusses Strategy Maps' practical lessons for business leaders. Martha Lagace: Why should companies learn more about the benefits of strategy maps? What could companies be doing better than they are now? Robert S. Kaplan: A strategy map provides a visual representation of the organization's strategy. This is truly an example of how one picture is...
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...6/4/2011 Building A Balanced Scorecard The "voice of the employee" focuses on providing a safe and secure workplace in response to instances of violence and poor employee relations. The "voice of the business" focuses on the Breakthrough Productivity Initiative, and the "voice of the customer" improves internal processes by providing a timely and reliable delivery. Postal Operations could use other measures to assure their goals are being met. The United Postal service should focus their efforts on achieving specific, measurable results in many different areas. The USPS could put into place a process that measured revenue according to each department as opposed to just total revenue. Customer Focus could be measured by having customers give feedback, or fill out surveys, or even participate in focus groups. Operational efficiency is measured by evaluating both performance output and how it relates to associated costs. This could be measured by having a cost associated with all items . This is sometimes called "itemizing". Human capital can be measured by the available job force, unemployment rates, and the number of skilled workers in an organization. The President's management agenda consists of measurement criteria which would enable an organization to build on the successful fundamentals of business while, at the same time making sure that the firm can be responsive and adapt to changes. The purpose of the balanced scorecard is to give a measuring tape by...
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...The Balanced Scorecard: Historical Development and Context, As Developed by Robert Kaplan & David Norton Karl R. Knapp Anderson University – Anderson IN ABSTRACT This paper discusses the general theory of the Balanced Scorecard and traces its historical origins. The Balanced Scorecard is based on three main areas: Measurement, Human Relations, and Customer Value Disciplines. The basis in measurement draws on Management by Objectives. The human relations school of management and open-book management theories are influential. The customer value discipline links the scorecard to the strategy of the firm. The Balanced Scorecard The Balanced Scorecard is a theory and management approach first proposed in the Harvard Business Review by Robert S. Kaplan & David P. Norton (1995). A subsequent book, The Balanced Scorecard, was published following this article (1996). The most recent refinement of this theory and management approach appears in Kaplan & Norton’s book, The Strategy-Focused Organization (2001). This paper attempts to present a high-level overview of this management theory, along with a description of its historical foundation and development. As defined by Kaplan and Norton (1996), “The Balanced Scorecard translates an organization’s mission and strategy into a comprehensive set of performance measures that provides the framework for a strategic measurement and management system”. This strategic management system measures organizational performance in...
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