...Emotion 2004, Vol. 4, No. 1, 46–64 Copyright 2004 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 1528-3542/04/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/1528-3542.4.1.46 Decoding Speech Prosody: Do Music Lessons Help? William Forde Thompson, E. Glenn Schellenberg, and Gabriela Husain University of Toronto at Mississauga Three experiments revealed that music lessons promote sensitivity to emotions conveyed by speech prosody. After hearing semantically neutral utterances spoken with emotional (i.e., happy, sad, fearful, or angry) prosody, or tone sequences that mimicked the utterances’ prosody, participants identified the emotion conveyed. In Experiment 1 (n 20), musically trained adults performed better than untrained 56), musically trained adults outperformed untrained adults. In Experiment 2 (n adults at identifying sadness, fear, or neutral emotion. In Experiment 3 (n 43), 6-year-olds were tested after being randomly assigned to 1 year of keyboard, vocal, drama, or no lessons. The keyboard group performed equivalently to the drama group and better than the no-lessons group at identifying anger or fear. In the past 10 years, the possibility of links between musical and nonmusical domains has generated excitement among researchers and the popular press. One line of research concerns short-term benefits in nonmusical domains that occur as a consequence of passive listening to music. In two widely cited studies (Rauscher, Shaw, & Ky, 1993, 1995), listening to music composed by Mozart led to...
Words: 7856 - Pages: 32
...Assessing Creativity in Hollywood Pitch Meetings: Evidence for a Dual-Process Model of Creativity Judgments Author(s): Kimberly D. Elsbach and Roderick M. Kramer Reviewed work(s): Source: The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 46, No. 3 (Jun., 2003), pp. 283-301 Published by: Academy of Management Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/30040623 . Accessed: 29/08/2012 18:27 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. . Academy of Management is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Academy of Management Journal. http://www.jstor.org c Academy of Management Journal 2003, Vol. 46, No. 3, 283-301. ASSESSING CREATIVITYIN HOLLYWOODPITCH MEETINGS: EVIDENCEFOR A DUAL-PROCESS MODEL OF CREATIVITYJUDGMENTS KIMBERLY D. ELSBACH University of California, Davis RODERICK M. KRAMER Stanford University This study addresses an important but neglected topic by investigating the social judgment processes that experts (studio executives and producers in Hollywood) use to assess the creative...
Words: 14085 - Pages: 57
...The Effect of Different Music Frequencies on Society BS/P-001 09-05-2013 Although not everyone listens to music regularly, it can (music) have a positive or negative effect on the listener depending on the frequency. Music tuned to A=432Hz can have a healing effect, while music tuned to the frequency of 440Hz can have the opposite effect. They have both proven to be a powerful influence depending on how they are used. According to some sources, Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbles set the 440Hz standard in 1939, which was later adopted by the International Standards Organization as early as 1953. Music can have a positive effect on society depending on the frequency. For example, listening to music which ash been tuned to the international standard frequency of 440Hz can cause a shift in consciousness toward more negative attributes of violence, anti-social behavior, aggression and negative emotions. In contrast, music which has been toned to the more natural frequency of 432Hz, which has been considered the pulse of the universe, when listened to, has been known to generate profound healing on all levels and spiritual well-being. Music has such a powerful influence that it has Benn used for everything from selling products to making money for entertainers. While in public, whether walking down the street, on the bus or on the subway, you see people listening to music on ipods, ipads and mp3 players and music is downloaded daily from websites that have the latest...
Words: 533 - Pages: 3
...child development and playing with other children in an open space can help develop social and emotional skills. The technology advancement in the current have seen most of the children hooked in so many appliances where there is no physical exercise in our children lives which can bring in to so many disadvantage mostly in children health. Anti-social activities within the 12-19years old in the community has increased for the last 2years where they tend to go to out in the surrounding empty sites to express themselves in an appropriate ways. By building a playground to suit all ages and a place for the community recreation which will include Swings, Monkey bars, Slides for the young children and skate Patch, basketball and football pitch for the older children and a bench...
Words: 639 - Pages: 3
...In addition to needing his Nolan Ryan card at every game another superstition that teammates and coaches have pointed out is the conversation and laps around the mound that MacDonald does every game. “ He’s not you typical kind of pitcher, if he’s not getting the calls or if he’s missing his pitches he will start talking to himself,” said Te. Teammates are not sure what MacDonald is saying to himself during those situations and don't try to find out. Abin believes that MacDonald may do it to get into the head of the other teams batter. “ He likes to get a competitive edge on his competition, he likes to get under the others team skin,” said Abin. If that is the case MacDonald is doing a good job at that. “ There was one game where Kev was missing on his pitches and was constantly having conversations with himself. One of the other teams batters ended up asking me if our pitcher was alright because he kept talking to himself.” Said Te. Ryerosn pitching coach Jon Rubin believes that when MacDonald is having these conversations with himself, it’s not just to get into the other teams head. “ It’s his bulldog mentality, Kevin always wants the best out of himself, when he’s not playing well he really gets upsets and starts talking to himself,” said Rubin. “Those are the things that you can’t coach a player, you can’t teach effort, he brings his best stuff each time he steps foot onto the mound.” Said Rubin. That being said regardless of if MacDonald had a good inning or a...
Words: 479 - Pages: 2
...THE Theory of Music. AS APPLIED OF TO VOICE THE TEACHIN" AND INSTRUMENTS. AND PJtAOTICE LOUIS Author of " C. Cuwositibs German oi' ELSON. Mtjsic," Etc. " History of Song," This Course is adopted and used in Music. the New England Conservatory of BOSTON : New England Consekvatory of Music. EIGHTH MDITION. 1900. Copyright, 1890, by Lotjis C. Elsom. F. H. GILSON, MUSIC PRINTER AND BOOKBINDER, BOSTON. PREFACE. This work is not so much a intended for self-instruction,as course to provide may systematized their is by the which teachers assist which keen at pupils sary neces- toward to that general knowledge true musician. branches the to The tion competipresent, to in the musical is gradually merely of such those as a leading specialist j principles musician counteract become this, a study all which underlie music, the most laws of Acoustics, and a musical form, etc., is are necessary, to this little volume of such the intended It become text-book but an studies. details In the naturally gives are outline, the of which matter are to be filled in by teacher. facts to of of the Acoustics, utmost only those ...
Words: 33733 - Pages: 135
...Consumer Behavior Assignment 1 Activity | Community | Observations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Marketing Manipulation : Market manipulation describes a deliberate attempt to interfere with the free and fair operation of the market and create artificial, false or misleading appearances with respect to the price of, or market for, a security, commodity or currency.[1] Market manipulation is prohibited in the United States under Section 9(a)(2)[2] of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and in Australia under Section s 1041A of the Corporations Act 2001. The Act defines market manipulation as transactions which create an artificial price or maintain an artificial price for a tradeable security. * Hobby -> product * Perception = view, opinion, taste, feeling, sound(hearing), touching, smell -> Sensory Stimulation Smell – Nose Touch – Skin See – eyes Sound – ears Tastes – Mouth * Expose to products -> attention -> Interpretation * Associating with sensory stimuli * Percepting * 1. Sensory Marketing Sample of perfumes [ Smell ] Music (in Zara – club music) [ Sound ] * Subliminal Messaging : Subliminal stimuli (pronounced /sʌbˈlɪmɨnəl/, literally "below threshold"), contrary to supraliminal stimuli or "above threshold", are any sensory stimuli below an individual's absolute threshold for conscious perception. Visual stimuli may be quickly flashed before an individual...
Words: 3945 - Pages: 16
...David Gross Masterclass 3/26/15 * Use different techniques for different sounds * Practice lift strokes and follow through * Grip Types American is more articulate and resonates less, good for Beethoven * Rolls The higher the pitch, the faster you need to roll Experiment with roll speed When playing soft rolls bring your hands up higher so the mallet angle is different Experiment with slowing down and speeding up at the end of rolls Play it by ear though * Staccato Playing For practice purposes, try playing articulate with soft mallets, and legato with hard mallets Youtube oliverian concerto the Olympian Stay down on the instrument Think like a bass pizzacotto Always think what it will sound like in the hall (excerpts) Pinch between thumb and index finger * Tuning Practice tuning intervals from an A Always go up to the note when tuning Fixed do helps recognize pitches by relating the syllables to the pitch * Muffling Try a wiping motion Start at the edge and use last 3 fingers to wipe across the head Maybe use wiping in etudes? For muting purposes perhaps put a piece of felt or shammy in the middle of the drum * Cross “Hammering” Try putting hands between the drum and use wrist “windshield wiper” motion * Excerpts Know what is going on around me in the piece Possibly keep a score with you in rehearsals Good timpanists can help shape the sound and rhythm of the orchestra Add dynamics to rolls to make them seem like...
Words: 319 - Pages: 2
...Finding the Speed of Sound Materials: Graduated Cylinder PVC pipe Ruler Tuning Forks Striker Meter Stick Water Procedure: Record the temperature of the room in degrees Celsius. Record the frequency of each tuning fork one at a time. Take the graduated cylinder and fill it with water, approximately 5cm from the top. Take the PVC pipe and record it’s inside diameter in meters. Now strike the tuning fork with the rubber mallet and hold the vibrating tuning fork over the PVC pipe as close as possible making sure it doesn’t touch the pipe. Gradually raise PVC pipe up in the graduated cylinder until the tuning fork’s frequency has the highest resonance. This distance is the fundamental length of the pipe, record the distance in meters. Repeat these steps until you have found the fundamental length of the PVC pipe for all ten tuning forks. For each tuning fork, calculate its period of vibration in seconds. Data Analysis: Frequency (Hz) Period (sec) Fundamental Pipe Length (m) Wavelength (m) Room Temp (◦C) 512 .002 .165 .684 22 480 .0021 .175 .724 426.7 .0023 .200 .824 384 .0026 .220 .904 Pipe Diameter 341.3 .0029 .240 .984 .02 m 320 .0031 .270 1.104 288 .0035 .295 1.204 256 .0039 .335 1.364 Graph: Discussion: The slope of the line would be 357.89 m/s. The accepted value for the speed of sound was 344.2 m/s. The value that we calculated was 347.5 m/s. The percent...
Words: 680 - Pages: 3
...matching (Berkowska & Dalla Bella, 2009 Pfordresher & Brown, 2007). According to Zatorre, the brain’s ability to detect pitch occurs in various stages. Pitch is first encoded in the brainstem, but the individual’s conscious perception of the tone takes place in the auditory cortex. As tones are sequenced to become melodies and occur over time, activation is seen more often in the temporal and frontal lobes. 1st Stage – Brainstem 2nd Stage- Auditory Cortex Image 10: The Auditory Cortex taken from Google images. 3rd Stage- Temporal and Frontal Lobes Image 11: The Temporal and Frontal Lobes taken from Google images. Thus, the auditory cortex is involved in the early stages of pitch processing, while additional brain regions become...
Words: 306 - Pages: 2
...1. What is contained inside of strings? 2. How can you tell how many characters are inside of a string? 3. What is the term for the position of a character inside of a string? • i.e., in the string "Testing", the letter 't' has a __________ of 3 4. Given a string s and an integer i, how do you get the character in the string s at index i? 5. How do you loop over the characters in a string with a for loop? 6. How do you loop over the characters in a string with a while loop? 1. What is contained inside of strings? 2. How can you tell how many characters are inside of a string? 3. What is the term for the position of a character inside of a string? • i.e., in the string "Testing", the letter 't' has a __________ of 3 4. Given a string s and an integer i, how do you get the character in the string s at index i? 5. How do you loop over the characters in a string with a for loop? 6. How do you loop over the characters in a string with a while loop? 1. What is contained inside of strings? 2. How can you tell how many characters are inside of a string? 3. What is the term for the position of a character inside of a string? • i.e., in the string "Testing", the letter 't' has a __________ of 3 4. Given a string s and an integer i, how do you get the character in the string s at index i? 5. How do you loop over the characters in a string with a for loop? 6. How do you loop over the characters in a string with a while loop? 1. What is contained inside of strings? 2. How can you tell...
Words: 1919 - Pages: 8
...Katie White Statistics Week 1 (Chapter 1 & 2) Chapter 1 2. a) Ratio b) Nominal c) Interval d) Ordinal 4. a) Sample b) Population c) Population d) Sample 6. A sample is a portion or part of the population of interest. While population is the entire set of individuals or objects of interest or the measurements obtained from all individuals or object of interest. 8. a) Population would be used to get the overall average grade for the course. b) Sample would be used because a large corporation over the past ten years would be way to information to locate and take way too long. c) Sample of each because of the amount of information you are giving you don’t have to go into deep detail on each one. d) Population to get exact number to make sure it all can be stored on the iPod. 10. Name: Nominal Number of mins used: Ratio Satisfaction: Ordinal Chapter 2 2. 3 Classes. iPod, iRiver and Magic Star MP3 8. 26=64 therefore 6 classes. i > $29 - $0 / 6 = 4.8 class intervals of 5 12. a) 5 classes b) 10 intervals c) 50 d) Chart below e) Chart below # of Visits | Frequency | Relative Frequency | 50 -60 | 4 | 4/20=.2 | 61 -70 | 6 | 6/20=.3 | 71 - 80 | 5 | 5/20=.25 | 81 - 90 | 2 | 2/20=.1 | 91- 100 | 3 | 3/20=.15 | Total | 20 | | 16. a) 5 patients b) 20-30 Days c) 30 Days d) 3 e) Frequency Polygon...
Words: 254 - Pages: 2
...Italian immigrants and the ultimate downfall of Eddie Carbone- the protagonist- as he develops inappropriate feelings towards his niece, Katherine. The play was enjoyed by audience members and critics alike describe by David Alan as ‘the production of a lifetime’. Personally, I felt that Phoebe Fox’s interpretation of Catherine was incredibly effective. An integral theme to the play is her character’s innocence and ignorant attitude towards the relationship between her and Eddie, as she is utterly unaware of his developing feelings towards her. A particular moment where she successfully portrayed Catherine’s naivety was on her first entrance. The actress ran onto stage shouting her line “Hi Eddie” with glee and enthusiasm. She adopted a high pitch, fast pace and loud volume. This vocal characterisation of Fox’s character immediately suggested to the audience how little experience of the ‘real world’ Catherine has and her immaturity as it mimicked that of a young child with no inhibitions or responsibilities. In addition she greeted...
Words: 1272 - Pages: 6
...Pitch is the “highness or lowness of the sound of your voice on a musical scale” (Verderber). There are people who have a warm and welcoming quality to their voice that has a positive effect on others while others have a flat, monotone and purely droning quality to their voice that has a negative effect on others. The standard of tone is seen as deeper voices possess authority while shrill and high-pitched tone can completely turn an audience off and plain irritate them. Also, using a variety of tones makes the message a little more complex. “A varied tone rises, falls and emphasizes key words and phrases. …When you very your tone, you inject life and energy into your message.” (Corporate Coach Group) Volume is “how loudly or softly you speak” (Verderber). The speaker should never appear to be shouting at the audience in order to have his or her message be heard. If the speaker is speaking too loud, the audience becomes uncomfortable. If the speaker is not speaking loud enough, any part of the message may not be heard at all. An effective speaker “should still be able to change the volume of his or her voice for emphasis” and added enthusiasm (Dyer). Pace or Rate is “how fast you talk” (Verderber) and Quality is “the tone or timbre of your voice and what distinguishes it from the voices of others” (Verderber). It is important to slow down so the audience is under the understanding of what is being said. When you slow down “[the speaker] has more time to select the right...
Words: 322 - Pages: 2
...Because I work in banking, every day I am assigned the task of getting potential members and members who are already with the bank, to try our new products and services. It is not enough to tell them about the new service or product, I have to develop new taglines to outline the benefits of that new product. The key to an effective tagline is not the tagline itself it is how it is pitched to each customer. I cannot talk to every customer the same because each customer is different. What I have to do is manipulate the tagline with different wordings or, in some instances, different accents. I had to figure out how to pitch a taglines to different kinds of members to better suit that group of members. To put this experiment together was quite simple because I see a variety of people throughout my day and I have so many opportunities to see how people respond that day and the days after. The theory I had was that my older members respond to southern accents, the male members respond to deeper or sultry tones, and the younger member base respond to upbeat or higher pitched tones of my voice. To test this, I developed a universal tagline, a tagline that caters to all of our products and services. The tagline was “Let us do a financial review with you to show you how to save money with your account.” I had used this tagline before and I had proof that it worked by looking at my previous referral sheet. This was the archival research that I had but I also had the naturalistic observations...
Words: 449 - Pages: 2
