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Shelter & Continued Education Program for Alcohol Abusers

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Shelter & Continued Education Program for Alcohol Abusers

Yasmi C. Davis

September 3, 2015

HCA 430: Special Populations

Instructor: Brooke Bauman

Shelter & Continued Education Program for Alcohol Abusers

“Alcohol abuse is one of the most recognized types of addictive personalities among the general population” (Newsweek, 2004). Because it is easily accessible, inexpensive, and casually used, it is available to purchase and consume in all ages due to most convenient stores, grocery stores, and corner liquor stores having alcoholic beverages readily available to purchase. Even though most states have injunctions to sale or distribute to anyone under the age of 21, numerous young adults has been under the influence of alcohol before reaching the legal age to purchase. As a result, many young adults are “suffering from alcoholism and is in need of shelter, nutrition, and continued education (MacGillivray, 2010). In this paper, I will propose a program to provide shelter and continued education for young adults who suffer from alcohol abuse, while analyzing the contributing factors to alcohol abuse in young adults.

Since the 1900s, young adults have had access to alcohol from opening a bottle of beer for their tired father – who has just come in from work – to sneaking a sip of alcohol from their uncles can, with no idea of what the future may hold. However, young adults did not have the financial means to consume alcohol as it is more frequent today due to the economic differences over time. As MacGillivray stated, the populous of alcohol abusers grow faster than the general population, meaning we have a society that has gradually become more desensitized to alcohol abuse (2010). According to the Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, Hispanics between the ages of 12-20 have the highest rate of binge drinking with 25.1%; however, 72% of adults between the ages of 18-20 have the highest level of binge drinking, while 65% between the ages of 15-17 rates second which provides evidence to access and age being contributing factors to alcohol abuse in young adults (2011a). The risk for alcohol abuse is impressionable in young adults because “they are testing boundaries and eager to fit in with their peer groups” (Burkholder, 2013). According to the United States Department of Justice, alcohol abuse in young adults who did not finish high school is 36.8%, college graduates 69.1%, over half of these young adults are unemployed or underemployed (2002). However, income is not a contributing factor to alcohol abuse in young adults because it can affect a person regardless to wealth, education, or economic status in such ways:

• Neglect responsibilities at home, school, or work

• Negligence while driving or working

• Problems with the legal system

• Initiating relationship problems

• Excessively drinking to relax or relieve stress

In addition, young adult men account for 30% of alcohol abusers cannot maintain employment for more than a year, 13% need assistance with every day activities such as nourishment and education, and 3% will lose their families, homes, property, and/or social status (Newsweek, 2004). With regards to race and gender in young adults, alcohol abuse is statistically higher in men than in women. It is more often pronounced through ethnic demographics as there are more African-American males in the prison system due to alcohol and drug related crimes than any other race and gender combination. While women are less inclined to alcohol abuse, women are more susceptible to the consequences of the abuser.

With those ratios in mind, I would like to propose a new program in Fayette, MS to provide shelter and continued education targeting young men – only – between the ages of 12-17 who are suffering from alcohol abuse – the 30% who cannot maintain employment, the 13% who need nourishment and education, and the 3% who has lost their social capital. In order to facilitate 200 patients primarily, the facility will hold a Mississippi state license specializing in detoxification, day treatment, residential treatment, and preventive care services with a qualified, professional administrator, counselors and nurses. Accreditation is based on criteria’s under the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations in correlation to legal and ethical laws. The program will reach those who are abandoned by their families, unemployed, and those who lack proper education through educational and training services, community outreach activities, daily counseling sessions, and family and/or friends visitation are required because a “strong social capital is the result of less [clinical] time” (Burkholder, 2013).

Encompassing the educational services, I am purposing a GED program and/or certificate base training programs which will provide a foundation for independency, motivation, and acceptance. The daily counseling sessions and community outreach activities will provide general knowledge about nutrition, exercise, and health, proper etiquette, effective communication skills, and boundaries/limitations as an effort to expand the patient’s mental capacity. The population of young adult men who has suffered the pitfalls of alcohol abuse, “are frequently malnourished because they lack the knowledge to make wise, healthy options and other times they are unable to afford healthy food” due to their craving to feed their illness (MacGillivray, 2010). The visitations will provide assurance to family members and friends. Implementing these services will serve as a benefit to the patients with a rather modest operating cost to the community.

Young adults “with risk factors such as family violence, poor educational opportunities, and poverty are significantly more likely to try and to continue use of alcohol” (Burkholder, 2013). These risk factors create barriers such as: micro-level barriers – finances; macro-level barriers – public health plans/funding; and the third barrier – poor educational opportunities. The primary purpose of this proposal is to serve young adult men between the ages of 12-17, who suffers from alcohol abuse, with the opportunity to depart from the vulnerable population. Within this age group, there is very little chance to sustain and maintain employment. Their finances are based upon their parents’ income. Being that their parents’ are already among the special population due to wealth, education, and economic status, this age group becomes a product of their community/state. On the other hand, “the majority of patients treated is on public health plans or have no insurance at all” (SAHMSA, 2010).

Due to the limited financial resources, the economic status of the proposed age group has public funded health plans (macro-level barrier). These health plans has been revised through the Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act to limit funding and eligibility. However, according to Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, state and local public payers paid 36% of the nation’s substance abuse treatment and Medicaid paid 21% , which attributed to public payers being responsible for 80% of the nation’s substance abuse treatment in the year of 2005 (2010). Therefore, funding will be assessed through public health funding/health plans. On the other hand, organizational barriers will not affect this program because the demographics in the proposed area are predominately African-American and Caucasian. Therefore, staffing would not be an issue for this program because “59% of alcohol abusers admitted into treatment are Caucasian and 24% are African-American which will provide a cultural competence environment (SAMHSA, 2003b).

In correlation to financial barriers and community/state barriers, “challenges faced when applying for a job – within the proposed vulnerable population – is not just about communication, it is also education, experience, and/or skills” (USDJ, 2002). In order to develop or enhance experience and skills, the proposed program will provide educational services to sustain a GED and/or provide professional training for certificate base programs. This is proposed with the intention of each patient returning into society sober, certified to employ, and a network of social capital.

In conclusion, some children come into the world knowing they are going to be a nurse, doctor, or teacher; others, enter into college, not knowing what their career choice will be. With that being said, “so much [difference] is a reminder that there is no single, certain future to plan for. There are many plausible alternative futures, and planning for one set of future circumstances is likely to miss the mark due to forces that shape the future of vulnerability and the actions of [yesterday that might effect today]” (Burkholder, 2013). Therefore, I think this program will allow what has already been done a different way to unfold a better tomorrow for the proposed age group.

References

Burkholder, D. & Nash, N. (2013). Special populations in healthcare. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

MacGillivray, L., Ardell, A., & Curwen, M. (2010). Supporting the literacy development of young adults living in homeless shelters due to alcoholism. Journal of Health, 13(6), p 593- 599. Retrieved from EBSCOhost database.

Newsweek. (2004). Mapping addiction. Retrieved from http://www.newsweek.com.

Peltan, J. & Cellucci, T. (2011). Child abuse and spousal abuse treatment utilization among substance dependent incarcerated men. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 41(3), p 215- 224. Retrieved from EBSCOhost database.

Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration. (2011a). Results from the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use & Health: Summary of National Findings. NSDUH Series H- 41, HHS Publication No. (SMA) 11-4658. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration. Retrieved from http://www.nsduh.samhsa.gov.

Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration. (2003b). Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS): 1992-2001. National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services. DASIS Series S-12. DHHS Publication No. (SMA) 02-3778. Rockville, MD: SAMHSA, 2003b. Retrieved from www.dasis.samhsa.gov.

United States Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice & Delinquency Prevention. (2002). Drinking in America: Myths, realities, & prevention policy. Retrieved from http://www.udetc.org.

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