...all over the Colonies/ England, her poem, “On Being Brought From Africa to America,” brought mixed feelings on the attitude of slavery. Slavery, unfortunately, would continue to be a big revenue but also a problem as the United States expanded. Phillis Wheatley wrote, “ On Being Brought From Africa to America” in 1768 which delved deeply into the mind of a young African American slave protagonist who tries to come to terms with her being relocated from Africa to the colonies, (Unknown author, enotes.com). It appears as if Phillis wrote this as her her own experience and how Boston was such a substantial difference from Gambia. In the religious/race poem, you can’t tell exactly the time frame but it was obviously written when the slave trade was rampant in the colonies, during the 1700s around the time of the American Revolution. There is two possible places the poem could have taken place, either on the slave ships over to the colonies or while they were with their owner already at the colonies. The Colonies and Caribbean economies heavily relied on the Atlantic Slave Trade which brought the supply of labour for the production of crops, making goods and clothing to sell to their particular empires in Europe, (Unknown author, Sahistory.org). When all these economies soared around the world, slaves would be brought in numbers and not many cultures saw how owning another human being was inhumane. Phillis Wheatley wanted to show how this poem pondered the protagonist’s situation...
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...1875 Name Course Instructor Date American History up to 1875 The American history records tremendous changes that define the journey taken in shaping what the country looks like today. The Indian-European conflict was common in the 17th Century in the North America. The issue of slavery got intense and many Indians fell in the hands of the European. Slaves were mistreated, overworked, and tortured to an extent of them dying at the farms. The introduction of Christianity by the Europeans meant that the Indians had to do away with their old fashioned ways of worship. The Indians and the European immigrants had different religion and beliefs that had to be unified for a common existence. The interaction between people of different races, religions and beliefs has been a great aspect of the American history. It was until later in the 20th century that European exploration and colonization of America that brought change in how the Old and New Worlds interacted. The settlement of the Indians in America was a vital mark in the development of native culture. The Indians established their lifestyle blended with rich culture and religion. The Indians on the East Coast had a more civilized life and well-established trade systems. The first encounter between the Europeans and the native Indians took place in the 1500s.[1] The Europeans discovered America as they engaged in fishing of whales and other sea exploration activities. The first encounters...
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...one day. The person who was to become St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, was born in Wales, Scotland or Roman-England in about AD 373 to AD 390. His father was Calpurnius; he was a Roman-British army officer. His original name was believed to be Maewyn Succat, and he almost didn't get the job of bishop of Ireland because he didn’t have the required scholarship. Until he was 16, he considered himself a pagan; then he was sold into slavery on the west coast of Ireland by either a group of Irish marauders, or pirates that raided his village. During his captivity, he became closer to God. He escaped from slavery after six years this was when he started to convert to Christianity. He dreamed of having seen God; legend says, he was then dictated by God to escape with a getaway ship. Then he went to Britain where he studied in the monastery under St. Germaine, bishop of Auxerre for about twelve years. During his training he became aware that his calling was to convert the pagans to Christianity. His wanted to return to Ireland, to convert the native pagans to Christianity. But his superiors instead appointed St. Palladius, but two years later, Palladius transferred to Scotland. Patrick, who changed his name at that point, was then appointed as second bishop to Ireland. Patrick was quite successful at winning converts and this caused the upset of the Celtic Druids. Patrick was arrested several times, but escaped each time. He traveled throughout Ireland, establishing...
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...been able to colonize previously. The first representative of European countries in Africa were majorly missionaries interested in assisting to the pagan tribes. Their first priority was to stop the slave trade that had caused damage previously. The portuguese were the first Europeans to initiate permanent settlements along...
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...or non-theological situation, command, or principle which pertains to an individual’s specific circumstance that has been revoked or is no longer applicable to people in my culture. This is the compatible guideline with this passage due to the fact that slavery has been abolished and found to be illegal and indecent in the United States for quite some time. The Civil war brought about the turning point in which the government made the ownership of slaves illegal. Because slavery is now illegal, there is no principle base on which to establish a worthy context for that particular passage to relate to the American culture of today. The only other take on this passage is to research the original words used and in doing so one can see that in some versions the translation of slaves is actually commoners, and the translation of masters is actually to head of house. If this were the case, Peter was extending word to the people that were to deal with the hardships placed upon them with faith, because eventually through God they would be set free. The second passage of 1 Timothy 2:12 also falls under the guideline of a non-moral or non-theological situation, command, or principle which pertains to an individual’s specific circumstance that has been revoked or is no longer applicable to people in my culture. For a very long time women were held in a lower class...
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...3 African Traditional Religion……………………………….5 Christianity, Islam…………………………………………..6 Influences of Religion on African Culture……………….6 Conclusion……………………………………………………13 References…………………………………………………...14 Introduction Africa is a continent of diversity. In this diversity there are hundreds of tribes and communities each practicing its own culture and religion. It would be very difficult to define Africa’s traditional religion as it would be difficult to define its culture. More so, it is extremely difficult to establish the dividing line between African Culture and African Religion. However, as much as there were many African Traditional Religions, their similarities were more dominant than their differences. We take up these similarities and encompass them as one African Traditional Religion. In this report, we explore the important aspects of Africa’s Traditional Religions and cultures that cut across the entire continent. This essay is based on various researches done by prominent scholars, historical background of Africa, news and books relevant to African studies. This report attempts to define religion, culture, and explores the major religions, African Traditional Religion (ATR), Christianity and Islam and their influence and impact on African culture. Africa is one of the World’s six continents. It is the second largest and second most populous continent after Asia. Other continents include; Asia...
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...The Treatment of Slaves Why were slave laws necessary? Life on the plantation was based on fear. Masters were afraid the slaves would rebel and slaves were afraid of their masters’ tempers and the complete control they had over them. While slaves were controlled by certain laws most masters felt free to use their own discretion in how they treated slaves. Slaves who were constantly under the control of estate attorneys were more likely to be abused and to revolt. Whether masters were kind or cruel, their main aim was to preserve slave society in which the whites were the masters superior and the slaves were subservient. Slave Laws * Masters had to provide food, shelter, clothing, and medical...
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... Herman states, Historians tell us that the ancient Romans probably kicked off the Mardi gras celebrations. (pg. 115)Their mid-February festival known as Lupercalia honored the god Lupercus, alternately known as the god of fertility and the god of agriculture and pastoral shepherds. In either case, his party definitely had Mardi Gras-like qualities, including days of feasting and drinking. And a little enjoying the "pleasures of the flesh", probably, too -- in fact, the term Carnival, often synonymous with Mardi gras, is derived from the Latin expression meaning "farewell to the flesh." Like most of the ancient Roman and Greek festivals, Lupercalia was adopted and adapted by the Church as a way of subtly converting the local pagans to Christianity. The carnival-like celebration of Lupercalia thus morphed into a last "fling" before the beginning of the Lenten period. Lent refers to the 40 days of pertinence and purification celebrated between Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday. During Lent, the religiously faithful refrain from a number of indulgences of the "flesh", including eating meat. (pg. 220) What began as a Roman-based celebration quickly spread across the European continent. By medieval times, lords were hosting carnivals prior to Lent in honor of the conscription of their new knights. Each region and country celebrated their own traditions, but all were indulgent. [pic] In France, this period of revelry before Lent was especially raucous. In fact...
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...The Cross and the Sword in Spain’s New World: Bartolomé De Las Casas and Hernán Cortés 1). How would you compare Las Casa’s and Cortés’s attitude about Native Americans, their cultures, and their conversion to Christianity? What assumptions shaped their conclusions? Which sources are the most revealing of those attitudes and assumptions? Hernán Cortès felt that the Natives intelligence was far greater than those of the islands and that they provided sufficient intelligence to conduct themselves as reasonable beings. By proviong themselves intelligent, Cortès found it very important to compel them to serve the Spaniards in the same way the Natives in the Islands. Cortès believed that the conquerors and settlers would not be able to maintain themselves. He believed in increasing his Majesties revenues rather than diminish them after the long battles against the natives and the hardships and loss they may have been put to. Las Casas attitude was the opposite as he tried many things to end the Encomiendas system. In 1510, Las Casa had no disagreements with the mistreatment of the Indians until 1512, when he joined an expedition led by Diego Velásquez and witnessed the slaughter of the Indians. The turning point came when he was preparing a sermon after discussing with some Dominicans who shared the same concerns. As he read through the bible he stumbled across a passage that he couldn’t let go of and it read, “Tainted his gifts who offers in sacrifice ill-gotten goods.” After...
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...with indentured servitude in British |million African Americans live in the |family. Many African Americans are Baptist|Strong family ties even without a | | |America and progresses onto the election of |United States, comprising 13.8% of the |Christians. The African American church is|father in evidence. Artistic talent | | |Barack Obama as the 44th and current |total population |their center focal point of their |Ability to survive. Beauty of their | | |President of the United States. Between those| |communities and homes. Music is very |ancestral culture. |...
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...WAYLAND BAPTIST UNIVERSITY SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE AND CHRISTIAN ETHICS A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO DR. JOHN M. ANDREWARTHA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR BASIC CHRISTIAN ETHICS RLGN 5323 SUBMITTED BY ROBERT L. JOHNSON April 14, 2008 Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………….……....1 Part I: Definition of Civil Disobedience………………………………………..….…..1 Part II: Definition of Christian Ethics…………..……………………………….……..1 Part III: Biblical and Historical Practice of Civic Responsibility.……………………..2 Part IV: The Rise of Political Power in the Church and the Struggles Associated…….7 Part V: The Necessity for Civil Disobedience..………………………………………..9 Part VI: What Difference Did the Civil Rights Struggle Make? ..................................12 Conclusion…....................................................................................................................16 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………….18 INTRODUCTION This research will focus on the topic of “Civil Disobedience and its Relativity to Christian Ethics.” The research will address whether it is ever justifiable to disobey the laws of secular governments. In doing so, it will discuss the Doctrine of Civic Responsibility as it relates to Christian Ethics. Furthermore, Romans 13:1-7 will be referenced to provide additional insight into how the Church has historically responded to civil government’s...
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...every meaning of the words, to a vast majority of the world due the ignorance of the human race. The movie, The Last Supper, by Tomas Gutierrez Alea depicts the interaction and relationships of the denizens of a sugar plantation in Cuba during the eighteen hundreds. All from the Count to the overseer and slaves had ways of interacting with one another, which was mostly decided on their race and social status. The movie deals with various topics that defined that era in time and there are many reoccurring themes in the movie that can be seen in other periods of time and places. In this paper, many aspects of black culture will be discussed and how they relate compare and contrast to that of whites in the particular time frame in which the movie takes place, as well as discussing modern life implications that certain customs or believes back then have on our culture. The movie from the start makes it clear that it will heavily deal with religion. The beginning opens with the portrait of angels depicted in a church....
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...reflect research on contemporary issues in Western Religions. The main objective is to elaborate on Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. The other key focus is to uncover the struggles within its historical and modern times. Islam is an interesting subject because it has plenty history surrounding Islamic cultures, and the contrast between Judaism, and Christianity. Nevertheless, revealing how time has change from than to now also captivate some attention. Exploring the foundation surrounding Islam such as Abraham, and the other forefathers is rewarding when searching the history of these three religions. Historical connections Islam and Judaism share connections starting very early in history with the patriarch Abraham. Abraham had two sons, Ishmael, and Isaac, who eventually went on to lead two different groups of people. Ishmael led the Arabs who later became known as the Muslims and Isaac led the Israelites who later became Jews. These two different groups of religions grew and traditions known today in modern religion. Each religion shares a monotheistic belief and has similar belief in prophets. The Tanakh tells the story of Exodus that God chose Moses to lead the Jews out of slavery into freedom (Molly, 2010). Muslims also believe that Moses and several other historical figures, including Isaac, and Ishmael were prophets of God. Judaism connection to Christianity is through Jesus, and the Old Testament. Christianity developed from Judaism; the Tanakh...
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...Anthropology Unit 1 – online Anthropology is the study of humans, past and present. There are 4 areas of Anthropology- 1. sociocultural - examine social patterns and practices across cultures, with a special interest in how people live in particular places and how they organize, govern, and create meaning 2. , biological/physical - seek to understand how humans adapt to diverse environments, how biological and cultural processes work together to shape growth, development and behavior, and what causes disease and early death 3. archaeology - study past peoples and cultures, from the deepest prehistory to the recent past, through the analysis of material remains, ranging from artifacts and evidence of past environments to architecture and landscapes 4. linguistics- is the comparative study of ways in which language reflects and influences social life Unit 1 – Book Anthropology – the study of humankind in all times and places Colonialism – when one nation dominates another through occupation, admin (military) and control of resource’s. Cultural imperialism – refers to the promotion of one nation’s values, beliefs, and behavior above those of all others. Most famous empiricist – Franz Boas (1858-1942) he rejected racism and saw everyone as equal Radcliffe Brown – focused on how culture worked as a whole to maintain itself Malinowski – paid attention to his key informants’ point of view (groundbreaking methodology) Influences on Canadian Anthro – museums, academic department...
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...on throughout the book is one which touches many of us deeply, slavery. As a person who has studied both law and religion and who is now embarking on a study of moral theology & ethics, I was highly interested in reading what John T. Noonan a distinguished scholar -author and member of the U.S. Court of Appeals- had to say in such an arena. Having heard him lecture, I was interested to see how his viewpoint translated into this type of arena. I was not disappointed. Throughout our course we not only discussed how this work dealt with such a topic, but we also discussed our own viewpoints on this very topic. Within the following paper I will discuss the issue of slavery, in the form of a synthetic paper, and how not only how it has evolved, but also the various positions the church has had concerning such an issue. As a backdrop, I will also use what Noonan outlined in his book as well. Therefore, this paper will be in the form of a review of Noonan thoughts (which will utilize various points from my prior presentation on this topic)/synthetic paper on the issue of slavery within the Catholic Church. John T. Noonan builds A Church That Can and Cannot Change on the fact that the deposit of faith cannot change. In the early chapters Noonan identifies three areas where change in moral principles has definitely occurred in the course of the history of the Catholic Church. These principles are slavery, usury and religious liberty. He also points to a fourth...
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