Chap Heap’s Slumming, is a historical book that reveals the reality behind sexual and racial encounters in American nightlife during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Provoked by the Gilded Age in the U.S. and all of its technological innovations, urban areas began to develop into commercialized spaces with new demographics: as the middle and upper class whites were moving out, new immigrants and lower-class workers were moving in. This new, ethnically diverse population lived in tightly packed conditions referred to by many as slums. Beyond the cramped tenements and unsanitary living conditions that existed, the slums had much more to offer. Here existed an array of nightlife attractions including “red-light” districts, saloons, dance halls, nightclubs, cabarets and opium dens. What made these areas so much more exhilarating was the fact that the middle and upper class used them to travel beyond the borders of their own neighborhoods and unveil their sexual curiosities through the nightlife of the slums. According to Heap, the conceptualization of sexuality, race, and urban life was altered through this act of slumming, in which the higher class people stepped beyond their boundaries into the world of the lower class and engaged in behavior far more experimental than the more conservative lifestyle that people were used to. Heap divides his book into two general sections. The first focuses mainly on the spatial organization and cultural geography of slumming, as well as the attempt to regulate and police the slumming activities. He argues that it truly began after industrialization when the upper and middle class moved to the suburbs so that the cities became where the poorer people lived. For them, the benefits of the slums were that they were central locations near work, the rent was low, and it gave them the opportunity to live in close proximity to