...Social Inequalities of Sports The world of sports has so many different levels to it. In each separate sport, there are different levels that range from recreational and neighborhood teams all the way up to professional leagues. Getting all the way up to this professional or even the collegiate level is a very impressive feat that not many people can say they have accomplished. However, athleticism and talent are not the only thing that gets you to these levels. There are many other factors that have to do with how far you can take your sport and how far your sport will allow you to go. There are many different inequalities such as race, ethnicity, class, and gender that shape each athlete’s experience in their respective sports. The first is race and ethnicity. The conversation about racial inequality is currently a hot topic in the United States. However, over the last fifty years, the world of sports has made some of the best progress of any institutions. In the National Football League, two thirds of the league players are racial minorities, most of them being African American. Close to 25% of the league management positions are occupied by people of color. There were six African American general managers in 2012, and eight of the last 12 Super Bowl participants have either had a black coach or General Manager. The National Basketball Association also has a very good diverse athlete population. More than three quarters of all NBA players are African-American and people...
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...Men Who Fought Social Inequality Frederick Douglass and Satchel Paige both fought against the social inequality toward African Americans in the United States. Frederick Douglass was a former slave who escaped and informed people about his former life in bonds. Leroy “Satchel” Paige was a baseball player who brought attention to the Negro League. Both men stood up for themselves and stood up for themselves and fought for social equality for all blacks. First of all, Frederick Douglass wrote a newspaper called the North Star. This newspaper highlighted racial issues going on at the time. In paragraph 8, the text states, “(Douglass) started his own newspaper, the North Star, and supported political action against slavery.” In addition, Douglass...
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...Women in sports: Inequality, Discrimination, Media. Introduction From a long time to now, women are continuously struggling to prove that their sex and color of their skin classification made by society to make them feel inferior does not determine what they are worth. Feminists’ quests for equality also include women in the sports world. This paper will discuss about the inequalities and discrimination of a patriarchal society on women in sports. I will demonstrate the social inequalities that exist and what have somehow changed, also how race discrimination affects women of color participating in sports and the impact of media on how they portrayed women image. Body To begin with, inequality is a word that feminists are fighting over of male-domination in the society. When women are participating in sports, what they do is often not considered as a "real" sport or viewed as "real" women. All that to show that women have to fight to gain control and have their activities recognized as normal by the dominant culture, the men. However, today women are more welcome to play sports; they are never viewed as equal to men. For example, women cannot expect having the same salary, sponsorship and resources as the men when it comes to play sports or any...
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...5/18/11 Final Paper: Gender Discrimination in HR Gender discrimination has been an issue for many years in our society. Gender, is referred to “the personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being female or male” (Macionis, 2008). Throughout history and till this day, there has been unequal distribution of power, wealth, and privilege among men and women especially in the work place. A functionalist might say that there is a function for the gender differentiation. There are jobs that need to be done, where some are more suitable for men than women and vice versa. On the contrary, a conflict theorist would reply that women have low status because they have been exploited by powerful men for the work they do and the children they provide. The difference between male and female is socially created and defined by numerous types of cultures. In our society, males are sought to be as the provider of the household who work to support their family, maintain control, they’re “active,” and “competitive.” Therefore, men are encouraged to hold leadership positions and play sports. Whereas women are the caretakers of the children and family, they do the housework, they’re more “submissive,” “passive” and “emotional.” In turn they’re expected to stay home, be supportive helpers, and be quick to show their feelings, as stated in the textbook. According to Martha C. Nussbaum, in her book, Women and Human Development, she states that women “are treated as mere...
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...His first term in 2013 and later was reelected in 2017. Price serves the community om homeless and poverty, immigrant affairs, equity, parks, and civil rights. On top of this, Central Alameda Neighborhood Council has a total of 7 board members. Social Issue One of the social issues in the neighborhood is identities in public space. As Alan Harding and Talja Bloland (2015) pointed out public space is produced as a system of meaning that brings power and hierarchy. Diversity and life styles connects to public space in communities, or in this case a neighborhood. When we focus on gender, race, age, income it portrays public space. Not only do these factor impact public space, but the most impact comes from culture. Theoretical Frame: Identities in Public...
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...Michael Capobianco November 2, 2011 Philosophy 108 Moral and Social Problems Essay Topic #3-Distributive Justice “Unjustified Wealth” By: Michael Capobianco Michael Capobianco Philosophy 108 November 2, 2011 Unjustified Wealth In many ways it seems unjust about how wealth and money are distributed in modern America, but there are many cases in which people with excess money have to earn every penny with hard work. In certain cases, people are born with certain talents and abilities that supply vast opportunities of which others may not have. A prime example of this would be Alex Rodriguez, who is considered one of the most talented and highly paid baseball players in the Major Leagues. Due to his talents on the baseball field, Alex Rodriguez is currently making 27.5 million dollars a year to play the sport he was born to play. The public views Alex Rodriguez as an idol for everyone who strives to be the best at what they do. As a college baseball player at Umass Boston I have seen some of the hardest working athletes imaginable, but for most of them being as successful as Alex Rodriguez is completely unreachable. Each and every one of us is born different with different talents and abilities, and the best we can do is maximize our potential. The only way to accomplish this is with hard work. Every person is created different and will have more potential at certain things, which is why I feel that money should solely be earned on the hard work...
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...Concept Map Essay - Gender Inequality Gender inequality has been present in the United States throughout the history of its existence. There are many forms of gender inequality such as occupational segregation or the gender pay gap. Over many years the persistence of these issue has been slightly alleviated. However, even with this alleviation gender inequality is constantly a pressing issue that can be found under the microscope of many sociologists and social science professionals. As well as being a formal and academic issue, many individuals from all walks of life argue over civil rights daily to mitigate these social problems. Equality is something that should be freely allowed to people of all social and cultural groups, gender included. However gender inequality manages to impose on even this most simple ideal. The idea to be unfair or unjust to the opposite sex is not one that we are born with, but the gender roles we are raised within might have influence on our later actions toward one gender or another. From a young age we are given, taught, shown, or influenced to act with a feminine or masculine behavior. Little girls are present with dolls and china sets, while little boys are given trucks and toy soldiers. When entered into the world of athletics young girls are often entered into ballet or gymnastics, on the other hand boys start playing baseball or basketball. It is now becoming more common to see just as many girls racing down soccer fields as boys...
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...Learning to Win: Sports, Education, And Social Changes in Twentieth-Century North Carolina published by Pamela Gundy focuses on the state of North Carolina and discusses issues such as race, gender, and class that are controversial in education and athletics. Grundy combines many different aspects throughout her book by using stories of other people to explain her central point. Grundy uses personal stories from coaches and athletes such as Walter Lingle, John C. Lendon, and David Thompson. In doing so the book contains an abundance of historical information which is not always shared with the public. The book is neither for or against combining sports and education but just states the facts and different sides of the story. This book holds...
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...Lyrical Analysis For many years African Americans have struggled with segregation and inequality. The 1940s Blues song discusses some of the racial aspects of the era and focuses on issues dealing with Jim Crow laws. Near the end of Reconstruction in 1877, Jim Crow laws were passed and were intended to put restrictions on African American rights and privileges (Brown and Stentiford XVII). For Example, the Jim Crow Laws segregated bus seating and train cars. The buses had the back reserved for African Americans (Wormser 162) and the trains reserved certain cars called “smokers” or “Jim Crow cars” for African Americans (Wormser 63). Also, the term “separate but equal” was an important statement in the Jim Crow era. This statement describes how segregation was passed as constitutional. Even though colored individuals and white individuals had separate facilities, they were supposedly equivalent in quality, even though this was never the case (Klarman 43 and 50-51). The blues song that I have chosen discusses many of the issues that African Americans faced due to the Jim Crow Laws and discrimination in general, but most noticeably discusses issues dealing with war segregation. During World War I and World War II, African Americans were recruited to the American Army. They were trained for battle, but normally were not involved in the fighting of the battles. The African American community hoped that their involvement would help further the fight for equality, but learned it was...
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...system along with a “winner take all” mentality produces a culture where Americans are trying to ‘cheat’ – or take advantage of – each other for financial and societal gain. According to the author, this behavior is often observed by the upper class “screwing over” the lower class – however, it can occur between members of the same economic class. You can apply this concept to sports as well. For instance, many baseball players use steroids to become stronger and thus perform better. If you elected not to take steroids, you would do it at the expense of not being as good as another player, and could lose the potential to make as much money as the player who chooses to cheat with steroids. The average American seems to have a self-serving inclination to compare themselves to others, along with a desire to be relatively more successful financially and socially than the individuals that encompass their social circles. These are the attitudes that drive the income inequality and cause us to “cheat” others in order to get ahead. What has allowed this economic inequality to exist is due to a myriad of factors. Since the late 1970’s, globalization and technology have reduced the amount of pay for jobs that at one time could easily support a middle-class family. They have not necessarily...
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...® Academy of Management Journal 1999, Vol. 42, No. 1, 25-40. THE PERFORMANCE EFFECTS OF PAY DISPERSION ON INDIVIDUALS AND ORGANIZATIONS MATT BLOOM University of Notre Dame Pay distribution research is relatively scarce in the compensation literature, yet pay distributions are viewed as critically important by organizational decision makers. This study is a direct test of the relationship between one form of pay distribution—pay dispersion—and performance conducted in a field setting where individual and organizational performance could be reliably observed and measured. Findings suggest more compressed pay dispersions are positively related to multiple measures of individual and organizational performance. Among those who design and administer compensation systems, pay distributions have been an important issue for a long time, yet they have been studied relatively infrequently in the compensation research literature (Gomez-Mejia & Balkin, 1992; Meyer, 1975; O'Reilly, Main, & Crystal, 1988). The term pay distributions refers to the "array of compensation levels paid for differences in work responsibilities, human capital, or individual performance within a single organization" (Milkovich & Newman, 1996: 45). Although there seems to he agreement that pay distributions influence individual and organizational performance, there is little agreement over how or why they matter (Gerhart & Milkovich, 1992). In fact, there has been disagreement in the theoretical literature about the...
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...gender would approach itself and the society. Male and female have been and are still the two biggest genders of our community. For a long time we have acknowledged males as the provider and females as a receiver. Based on this principle our ancestral societies have set up some trends, regulations, responsibilities and etiquettes. I was born in India in an extremely religious family. My parents are Hindus and our family followed the rules and norms accepted by the Hindu society. Growing up I saw my father as the worker and my mom as a care giver. My role as a boy was to take care of my sister, study hard and participate in as many sports I would like whereas my sister stayed home with my mother helping her with house hold activities. During social events women in India mostly wore Saris which are long Indian dresses that cover most of your body and young girls would wear Salwar Kameez which is similar to Sari except it is considered a little more western whereas men could wear anything they liked. At fairly young age I asked my mother once that why all the girls do not wear clothes like the actresses from Hollywood movies and she quickly responded in an upsetting tone that those type of clothes are too revealing and not accepted in Hindu society even though they look so beautiful. Men were the only ones allowed to perform vital religious rituals and women just helped them prepare. Even till this date some of the Hindu God Idols can only be touched by men however women can cook and...
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...Gabriel Silva Professor Hofmann English 102 February 28, 2015 Discrimination: Lives Strong in Fences Al Sharpton once said, “we have come a long way from the days of slavery, but in 2014, discrimination and inequality still saturate our society in modern ways. Though racism may be less blatant now in many cases, its existence is undeniable.” The sad truth is discrimination will live in our lives and those of future generations, just as it lived in the lives of the characters of Fences. Troy Maxson, who is the antagonist of the story, has experienced racial discrimination his entire life, and it affects all those around him. Whether it is with Troy’s job as a trash collector, his influence on Cory’s football career, or the decisions he makes towards taking care of Gabriel, social and racial discrimination plays a huge role in Fences. Troy Maxson works for the sanitation department as a trash collector. He is seen as a servant to white people. He believes he is assigned this position, along with Jim Bono, because of the color of their skin. As to white folks, were assigned as the truck drivers. Troy, fed up with this racial discrimination, stood up and filed a complaint about his position in company requesting to be assigned as a truck driver himself because it was unfair he was out back doing the hard labor due to his skin color. “You think only white fellows got sense enough to drive a truck. That ain’t no paper job! Hell, anybody...
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...DISCUSSION: Race, Racism and Sport -- The myth of the superiority of the Black male athlete The prompt to this discussion dictates I articulate why the “common sense” notion that African-Americans dominate sports is false. Excuse me for playing the devil’s advocate, and hopefully I do not lose points for disregarding the instructions, but after reading the chapter I see things differently and an important point needs to be made. If anything, I am inclined to argue Coakley’s hypothesis, along with the other research and history included therein, does more to reinforce the idea that African-Americans dominate sports than it does to discredit the notion that has developed into a stereotype. In my opinion, Coakley’s hypothesis serves to provide sound reasoning and explanation as to how, and why, African-Americans have come to dominate sports in modern America. When I say, “dominate sports” be aware I’m using the phrase quite loosely. I’m referring to the overwhelming majority of African-Americans that make up professional basketball and football teams as well as their collegiate counterparts. In no way am I saying that African-Americans are more talented or perform better statistically; instead, I mean to say that they dominate the populations—there are just way more of them on the field of play. Hold that field of play term in the back of your mind as we move along. Before I go on, let’s check out some numbers courtesy of the Institute for Diversity and Ethics in...
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...Robinson as a hero, and he has been idolized as a role model to the African American baseball community. It is an unarguable fact that he was the first to tear down the color barriers within professional baseball. The topic of Robinson’s role in integration has long been a point of discussion amongst baseball historians. Researchers have accumulated thousands of accredited documents and interviews with friends and team mates such as short stop, Pee Wee Reese, and team owner, Branch Rickey. However, few journalists have asked why Robinson was selected and what was Branch Rickey’s motivation? While Robinson was the first Negro player to break into the ranks of professional baseball, it can be argued that he was not the first to attempt the undertaking. In actuality, Jackie possibly was not even the first player the Brooklyn Dodgers’ organization considered for the job. The Warner Brothers film, 42, The Jackie Robinson Story (2013), highlights the accomplishments of Jackie and rightfully so, as he was an amazing man. The story actually starts prior to 1947 and ends years later in 1959, three years after his retirement in 1956. Early in his career at Ohio Wesleyan University, where Branch Rickey played and coached baseball, an incident occurred with one of his young black players, Charlie Thomas, which would forever change Rickey’s life, the future of integration of major league baseball, and would have an impact on the civil rights movement. Jackie Robinson’s amazing accomplishments...
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