...Solar Energy Technology Solar energy is a kind of renewable energy source, which depends on the sun's rays to generate heat and create electricity. As long as there is a sun shining on the earth, and the sun will never run out of energy; therefore, the solar energy always exist. Solar technology is not new. Its history spans from the 7th Century B.C. Greeks used passive solar which are direct solar gain and indirect solar gain to heat buildings (400 BC). Next, Romans improved it by using glass to absorb heat in the buildings and greenhouses (100 AD). And in 1700, Antoine LaVoisier built a solar heater. Later on, in 1839, French physicist Antoine-Cesar Becquerel observed that shining light on an electrode submerged in a conductive solution would create an electric current. Moreover, in 1860, the First Solar Motor, the heated water was used to drive a steam motor, Auguste Mouchout. Then, in 1883, American Charles Fritts described the first solar cells, which were made from selenium wafers. Almost a century, many scientists had been researching, exploring and keeping update more about solar energy. They had found photoelectric effect, the first use of solar energy at night, provided experimental proof of the photoelectric effect, solar cells developed for satellite, and so on. And nowadays, we have created many things by using the solar energy, such as solar-powered buildings to solar powered vehicles. Solar Energy is divided into five main categories. They are Photovoltaic, Solar...
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...geothermal energy include that there was about 33 MW of geothermal power online in Oregon producing 165 GWh in 2013, the latest industry survey identified 19 projects under development in Oregon of additional power within the next few years if appropriate contracts are secured, Geothermal power projects have the lowest land density compared to any other renewable power technology, and the U.S. Geological Survey estimates that there are an additional 500 MW of discovered geothermal power resources in Oregon and 1,800 MW of undiscovered resources. Solar energy is another good resource option for Oregon to strongly consider, even though it seems like it wouldn’t be. The Oregon Solar Energy Industries Association (OSEIA) founded in 1981, promotes and advances solar energy utilization. Solar Oregon gives job opportunities and offers volunteer opportunity. Although Oregon is known for being cloudy and rainy, however, Portland General Electric (PGE) says the western Oregon actually receives as much solar energy as the national average, and will produce as much energy as the same system installed in Florida. Values of solar energy include clean energy, lowered accumulative electricity cost, and adds value to your property. The cost of solar panels in Oregon is 95 cents per watt, up to a maximum of $9,500 for energy trusts. Solar energy is obviously a renewable resource, because it comes from the sun. The sun is not going to run out of energy until long after we’re gone. Oregon’s solar energy...
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...Introduction Body 1. Basic of solar energy 1.1 How Solar Energy work 1.2 Types of Solar Energy Introduction This research paper describe basic idea of solar energy, types, and advantages of Solar Energy for people who interested to use clean energy. Moreover, research also show Solar Energy in California such as History of Solar Energy in California, Statistic, and California Solar Policy. Nowadays, people consume power from different resources. Consequently, there are increasing environmental concern. People realize this problem by try to use alternative power such as renewable energy from natural. Solar energy is one of alternative power which help environment because it is not produce the pollution. 1.1 How Solar Energy work Solar energy Solar energy is energy which is created from sunlight, or heat from the sun. Solar power is captured when energy from the sun is converted into electricity or used to heat air, water, or other fluids. Solar power cells convert sunlight into electricity, using the energy of speeding photons to create an electrical current within a solar panel. 1.2 Types of Solar Energy There are currently two main types of solar energy technologies: • solar thermal These systems convert sunlight into thermal energy (heat). Most solar thermal systems use solar energy for space heating or to heat water (such as in a solar hot water system). However this heat energy can be used to drive a refrigeration...
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...SOLAR ENERGY INTRODUCTION Without the sun, living life on earth is indeed impossible. Sun as we known is a ball of fire that gives us light and heat. The energy that we receive from the sun is called as the solar energy. With the help of this energy serious problems regarding energy that is needed everyday can be solved. Solar energy means capturing the rays of the sun and storing and its heat. This heat can be converted with the help of solar panels into heat or electrical energy. When we talk about solar energy, there are two kinds of solar energy namely, thermal energy and electrical energy. Thermal energy is something which we can find everywhere and is totally free of cost. It helps us ding our daily chores like dries things such vegetables, clothes, heats water, and many other things. Water can basically be heated in two ways i.e. actively and passively. In active method, when a heating element inside the solar hot water system heats the water during hot season. In the passive method the water is pre heated and flows through a cold inlet that of a conventional electric geezer. Talking about electric energy, the power of the sun is used to produce electricity with the help of solar cells. It can be used through a solar home system that helps in conducting electricity where there is no power supply. Apart from that it can be used a system where the electricity supplying utility is connected to the property and lastly it can be used as a backup system where...
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...What is Solar Energy? Sunlight is a renewable energy source which can be converted into usable energy by solar panels. There are two main types of solar energy. Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels directly convert solar energy into a usable form of energy using a PV cell containing a semiconductor material. CSP (concentrating solar power) on the other hand, concentrate energy from sunlight to a heat receiver which transforms energy from heat into mechanical energy, and in turn, solar thermal electricity. Converting Sunlight into Electricity Light striking a silicon semiconductor causes electrons to flow, creating electricity. Solar power generating systems take advantage of this property to convert sunlight directly into electrical energy. Solar panels (also called “solar modulesE produce direct current (DC), which goes through a power inverter to become alternating current (AC) — electricity that we can use in the home or office, like that supplied by a utility power company. There are two types of solar power generating systems: grid-connected systems, which are connected to the commercial power infrastructure; and stand-alone systems, which feed electricity to a facility for immediate use, or to a battery for storage. Grid-connected systems are used for homes, public facilities such as schools and hospitals, and commercial facilities such as offices and shopping centers. Electricity generated during the daytime can be used right away, and in some cases surplus electricity...
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...based on a review of publicly-filed generation data (available on the EIA website) for various solar power plants. It is premature to draw conclusions about Ivanpah’s performance for the following reasons: • Ivanpah has not yet completed its first year of operations, which includes a partial start-up and optimization performance period. • Ivanpah’s performance obligation is an annual target, not monthly, and is measured on a cumulative basis. • The formula for evaluating performance is complex and considers a number of factors, including time of delivery and weather. As anticipated, Ivanpah has shown steady improvement on an adjusted basis from month to month. We expect to meet all requirements for performance for the first year of plant operation. Why is Ivanpah not producing the amount of power that was expected? Can Ivanpah do anything to increase its production output and run more efficiently? And if so, what can Ivanpah do? What was your involvement, the Commission, in approving Ivanpah’s technology and objective of producing solar energy? What has Ivanpah told you is the issue in their energy production outputs? Who does this impact, are there actual households that will go without electricity? What might Ivanpah have been able to do to provide better options in meeting their energy goals? What is being done now to compensate for the energy? And are...
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...‘‘PERSUASIVE SPEECH OUTLINE’’ Solar power is a viable source of energy. ‘INTRODUCTION’ ATTENTION GETTER: It’s the human condition to underappreciate what we are given when we become accustomed to its presence .The everyday convenience of electricity isn’t fully appreciated until a power line goes down and you’re thrust back into the colonial times with candles and fire stoves. Unfortunately as Pakistani’s we visit the dark ages several times a day. So now I ask you to imagine a Pakistan where unlike the false promises of politicians there is actually electricity in every house, where you don’t have to hear the gyrating noise of a generator everywhere you go. A Pakistan which isn’t plunged back into the dark ages every 3 hours. BACK GROUND: With the depletion of the energy resources in the world, governments, industries and scientists are in search of cost effective and readily available energy resources that can be exploited to satisfy the increasing energy demands in the world. Solar energy has been regarded as one of the most paramount and cardinal sources of renewable energy. As per scientists, the energy received from the sun in one hour is more than the whole world’s total produced energy in a year. It would take only around 0.3% of the world's land area to supply all of our electricity needs via solar power. Pakistan is going through a very severe energy crisis right now. Though Pakistan has got a lot on its plate right now, solving this issue would eradicate dozens...
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...UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Yemen – Sana’a ASSIGNMENT Marketing Management BMMK5103 Marketing Plan For: The Solar Energy Company Inc, Solar Energy Systems Table of contents 1.0 Situation / Market Analysis……………………………………………………………...........5 2.1 Company Background………………………………………………………….……..5 2.2 Mission, Vision, and Strategy……………………………………………………….. 5 2.3 Market Share………………………………………………………………………..6-7 2.4 Environment Analysis………………………………………………………………7-8 2.5 SWOT Analysis………………………………………………………………………9 2.6 Competition Analysis………………………………………………………………..10 2.7 Product Offered………………………………………………………………….10-13 2.0 Marketing Strategy………………………………………………………………………….14 2.1 STP (Segmenting, Targeting, Positioning) Analysis…………………………….14-15 2.2 Marketing Mix 4ps……………………………………………………………….15-17 3.0 Financial Projection …………………………………………………………………………17 3.1 Sales Forecast………………………………………………………………………...17 3.2 Break-even Analysis…………………………………………………………...…17-18 4.0 Implementation and Controls…………………………………………………………...……18 4.1 Controls………………………………………………………………………………18 4.2 Implementation…………………………………………………………………...18-19 4.3 Action Plan…………………………………………………………………….…….19 5.0 References……………………………………………………………………………………20 ...
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...Solar Energy Is Better Than Any Other Energy Sources. Minhajul Abedin ID no: 12301036 Section 06 ENG 102 English Composition 1 Spring 2013 BRAC University Date-11/04/2013 Evita Umama Amin Solar Energy is better than any other Energy Sources At night; we use to go to bed for having a sound sleep and air cooler use to give us cooling and refreshing air. Then we use to get up from the bed with a happy heart. Then we thank almighty for giving us a peaceful sleep. Then we enjoy warm bath and geezer provides us the warm water. Then we rush to the dining table for having breakfast and Refrigerator keeps the food fresh. Then we turn on Laptop and read the newspaper online. What a wonderful start of the day! But do we ever think how much electricity and it costs too many. Not only that; but also this causes the reduction of our natural assets like coal, gas and so on. But we have a tremendous energy source which will never run out. Can we guess what is it? It is the Sun; the most important and charming creation of almighty. At the same time, we have the technology which can convert sunlight to electricity and store them for long time. That is why I believe that solar energy is better than any other energy sources because of unlimited energy, lower cost and no interruption in supplying energy. Firstly; it contains unlimited energy for lifetime. According to Dionne (2011) who is a professor of Material Science Department of Stanford University; the sun provides over 100 peta-watts of...
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...organisms need energy in order to survive. The way that the energy is obtained is through a process known as photosynthesis. Photosynthesis uses energy from the sunlight, solar energy, to produce sugar where sugar is then converted into chemical energy. In order for a plant to use sugar to convert into chemical energy, the the plant must have water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight. These substances are then transported to the leaves where photosynthesis takes place. Photosynthesis occurs in two stages, light reactions and dark reactions. Light reactions take place in the day where sunlight is required and taken to create ATP; where dark reactions do not require sunlight, but usually take place during the day as well and carbon dioxide is converted to sugar. Semiconductor-based solar cell is used to generate electric energy. Semiconductors are the devices that are located in a solar cell that absorb the sunlight in order for electric energy to be created. These devices have proven to be efficient due to the fact that they easily absorb sunlight and require less solar energy in order to be converted. Photosynthesis is used to create energy that living organisms need in order to survive and semiconductor-based solar cells are used to create energy that we do not have to have, but have found to be very helpful and have come to depend on. The differences between these solar energy absorbers is photosynthesis absorbs less sunlight and more energy is required for energy to be produced...
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...Solar energy is produced by the sun. It’s the energy transmitted from the sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation. It is taken from the sun and converted into electrical/ thermal energy. Solar is actually the Latin word for sun. There are many reasons why solar energy is better for the environment but there are some down sides. The earth receives about 1,366 watts of direct solar radiation per square meter. In one second the sun produces energy to meet the current needs of the entire Earth for 500,000 years. Solar energy used to photosynthesis. 99.99% of solar radiation goes to waste. Solar energy will never run out and it is very abundant and clean. Solar energy has been used by humans for thousands of years. For example, ancient cultures used energy from the sun to keep warm by starting fires with it. They also kept their homes warm through passive solar energy designs. Buildings were designed so that walls and floors collected solar heat during the day that was released at night to keep them warm. If you have ever stood in the sun to get warm then you too have utilized solar thermal energy. The discovery of photovoltaic happened in 1839 when the French physicist Edmond Becquerel first showed photovoltaic activity. Edmond had found that electrical current in certain materials could be increased when exposed to light. 66 years later, in 1905, we gained an understanding of Edmonds' work when the famous physicist Albert Einstein clearly described the photoelectric...
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...ASTOUNDING SOLAR ENERGY FACTS What is solar energy? People often think of solar energy as solar panels mounted on roofs in sunny neighborhoods. This is only part of solar energy (“Solar energy facts,”2012). Solar energy is the oldest energy source. Plants, animal and the microbial life have been using it as a principle energy source since the times of creation. It is in the form of heat and light. In the past years, people have tapped solar energy enabling it to be used at all times; including the nights, in all weather conditions, can be stored as well as be transferred. Solar energy can be defined as the technology used to exploit the sun’s power and make it usable. Solar energy facts * Solar energy makes life a reality. Through photosynthesis, plants absorb sunlight and provide food and oxygen which animals consume to live. Human bodies absorb solar energy this helps to regulate body temperature. Sunlight also provides vitamin D, which is necessary to human health. * Solar energy is an extremely clean energy source. It is environmentally healthier than traditionally fossil related forms of energy since it does not emit any known pollutants to the environment. * The earth absorbs approximately 3.85 million exajoules of energy from the sun. This is big compared to the earth’s use of about 56.7 exajoules. The sun is the sole source of solar energy, believed to last for more than 5 billion years. This means solar energy is the most renewable and viable source...
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...reserch report Solar Energy Solar energy is a perfect source of energy. Energy with no pollution what so ever. No poisonous gasses or destruction of rainforests. This never ending source of energy comes from the sun. Solar energy is the visible energy produced in the sun as a result of a constant nuclear fusion reaction. The amount of energy at the solar constant, which is at outer edge of the earth's atmosphere, is two calories per minute per cm squared. A calorieis the amount of energy needed to raise one gram of water one degree Celsius.If we could efficiently harness the energy bombarding the earth for twenty-four hours we could power New York for a year. Unfortunately the photovoltaic cells that change the energy into electricity are so inefficient that it would take twenty-five years to pay for it's self in output. There many uses of solar energy. Some homes rely fully on the power of the sun to heat their water. Other houses have flat plate collectors which aid in the heating of the house and water. Solar Energy plays a vital role in the absorption cooling cycle in a process called solar cooling. Since wind is caused by the up and down movement of hot and cold air, wind energy can be a branch of solar energy. The same thing with tidal energy. And since the sun plays a vital role in the water cycle hydroelectric energy can be attributed to solar energy. Solar Energy has great potential in becoming a main source of energy in the...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY STRATEGY IN SOLAR ENERGY – MAHINDRA EPC Group 4 E023 Mayank Dugar E032 Pavan Kunjoor E050 Nithish S E051 Shaik Safik E052 Nithin Sandhyala E065 Pranav Venuturumilli E067 Dhruv Mehta INTRODUCTION Mahindra EPC is the Engineering Procurement & Construction arm of the Mahindra group committed to provide world class solutions to its customers. Mahindra EPC Services Pvt Ltd is a portfolio company under Mahindra Partners. Mahindra EPC’s services commenced its operation in the year 2011 by making a beginning in the renewable energy space with the turnkey execution of large grid connected and small off grid roof top PV Solar projects. In a short span of 3 years Mahindra EPC has achieved a dominant position. CRISIL Solar energy grading given to Mahindra EPC services Pvt Ltd is SP1A. SERVICES OFFERED Mahindra EPC generally operates in two service areas On Grid Services Be it conducting a site survey, charting out a feasibility and detailed project report (DPR), selecting the appropriate technology, optimizing the array configuration or monitoring performance from strings to system, Mahindra EPC’s collaborative approach is a means to help its clients alleviate design and technology risks and make the project bankable. Off Grid Services With the Off-grid solar solutions, they aim to usher in a new dawn where the sunshine is being harnessed at the rooftops to power many homes, offices and industries. The end objective is to reduce the dependence...
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... Weighting: 25% The concept of renewable energy within Australia, particularly Solar Energy has a huge scope of serious development and benefit to our future energy needs. Our country to this date has the highest average solar radiation per square meter of any country in the world (Geoscience Australia, 2012). Even our solar radiation in the southern regions has a higher overall radiation than countries like Germany, who are one of the most developed nations in terms of Solar Energy. Since late 2012, 10% of Australian energy relies on renewable sources of which 0.03% is Solar (T. Flannery, V.Sahajwalla, 2012). Although this percentage is small, due to the continual evolution of the concept and the current state of the economy and particularly the feed-in tariffs schemes; Solar Energy in Australia is becoming progressively affordable. The current state of Solar Energy in Australia is advancing, though obstacles such as ecological impacts & risks, the heritage & cultural boundaries placed within Australia and the production disadvantages of solar systems itself act as large limitations in the development of the concept. Developments in Solar Energy facilities for large areas such as towns require a large amount of land. This is largely the case for the use of solar photovoltaic systems (AAS, 2010). Although within Australia, around 18% of mainland is considered desert and...
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