...HDL2 April 2005 Problem/solution essays Length 250 words Time 45 minutes ❑ How to write a problem/solution essay ❑ Write 4 paragraphs ❑ Paragraph 1 Introduce the topic ❑ Paragraph 2 Identify the reasons for the problems and Give examples ❑ Paragraph 3 Suggest possible solutions with examples ❑ Paragraph 4 Conclusion: summarize in 2 sentences Now read the example ‘Water shortage is becoming a problem in the Middle East’. Now answer these questions: 1 What are the main reasons for the water shortage? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. What are the four possible solutions mentioned? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- “Water shortage is becoming a problem for the Middle East.” Discuss...
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...CONSULTING | Water Crisis: Extracting Surplus from a Deficit To: Dr. Lee Cerling, Director of Research and Communications From: Jordan Pinkus Date: [ 9/29/2010 ] Re: PAC-10 Overview of Water Crisis: Key Opportunities How to Use This Memo Template Global shortages of potable water have signaled an emerging crisis. The shortages impact developed and developing nations, though the evidence is harshest in the developing world. Despite available drinking water and seemingly abundant domestic water supplies, the United States faces increasing and accelerating shortages. However, in this era of crises (global warming, the energy crisis, the financial crisis), a crisis means business opportunity. 1,4 The average resident of the United States uses 616 gallons per day. Comparatively, this ranks United States second to Canada for per capita consumption. However, the United States population is approximately 10 times that of Canada and therefore total domestic consumption exceeds Canadian several times over, ranking first globally. The scale of water demands strains the hydrologic cycle, which governs the replenishment of fresh water, thereby jeopardizing long-term water resources. 3 Meeting the United States’ water demands traditionally required engineering solutions to a consistent question: Where can we get more water? However, continued strain on resources reveals the need for more than the quick fixes engineers have always turned to. 1 Water-conservation solutions now offer...
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...Essay - Final Draft ‘The shortage of fresh water in the world is becoming a major challenge. What are the cause and effects of this situation? What solutions can be used to help address this problem? Describe the problem and discuss its different causes and effects. Give examples of solutions already used and possible future solutions.’ Student name: XIONG RONG (Cheryl) Student number: 0010073806 Class: 5A Course: WORLD SHORTAGE OF FRESH WATER Words: 950 Tutor: Joan Reid Submission date: 4th September, 2012 World shortage of fresh water The Earth, which has a variety of valuable natural resources, such as land, climate, water, mineral resources, is our common home. In 1993, the UN (United Nations General Assembly) determined the March 22nd as “World Water Day”, annually. Nowadays, more and more countries pay attention to water resources, especially in freshwater resources, because of its uniqueness and shortage. This essay will discuss water-shortage focusing particularly on four aspects: the problem, causes and effects of water shortage, and solutions. Some problems have been caused by water shortage. It is one of the most serious problems in the world. According to new researches salt water is far more than fresh water in the world. “97.7% of this is salt water; only 2.5% of this is fresh water, 0.26% of accessible fresh water.”(Sustainable World, 2003:4) Another problem is the increasing requirement of water. There is no doubt that...
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...Water Shortage Water shortage is a growing problem for most countries in the world. For the China, which has 20% of world’s population and only 7% of available water resources, this problem may become catastrophic (Hofstedt 2010, 72). Therefore some actions and measures should be performed to avoid or at least to weaken future water crisis in China. In this work the following three solutions will be proposed and analyzed in terms of efficiency and applicability: water usage efficiency improvement; adopting the local agencies on controlling water resources; reasonable water pricing. Most of water consumed in China is not rationally used. The cause which intensifies the water shortage in China is water inefficient use. For instance, 65%-70% of Chinese water usage is spent on agricultural needs, but more than half of this amount evaporates percolates and loses (Roberts 2009). Besides, majority of another 20%-25% which is occupied by China’s industry is not recycled (Brown 2008a, 16; Roberts 2009). Obviously, improving water distribution technologies and management quality can be one of the options to reduce the water scarcity in China. There are many different methods of improving the water distribution efficiency. Firstly, irrigation technologies should be improved. Farmers in China may use drip and shrink irrigation methods instead of traditional “surface” ones such as furrow and flood irrigation. Drip irrigation method is used mostly in arid and semi-arid zones and it increases...
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...MANAGING WATER SHORTAGE CRISIS Position Paper Prepared for Symposium Committee By April 2011 Introduction On Earth, only less than 1% of all water available is suitable for human consumption (Vitzthum & Atkins, n.d.). This emphasises on the scarcity of drinkable water and highlights the importance of not just making water available, but also making it safe for drinking. In the event of a natural disaster, water shortage is of major concern to affected countries. For Northern Ireland, water pipes and ice thaw after each passing winter, causing burst in pipes supplying water to households. Adding on, in 2011, Japan suffered from an earthquake which disrupted their water supply. These are instances of water crisis which can take place spontaneously. Water crisis can strike in any form and at times when it is least expected, even in Singapore, where it is ranked 160 out of 169 globally, with little natural water resource available (Nationmaster, n.d.). During World War 2, Japanese forces seized control of the main water supply in Singapore leading to the downfall of Singapore (Paterson, n.d.). This exposes the vulnerability of Singapore to water crisis. Currently, Singapore has to rely on the 4 National Taps to provide water for her population. Therefore, terrorist attacks on the 4 National Taps can be seen as threats which can lead to emergency water shortage. Although there is a low possibility of natural disasters occurring in Singapore, there is no guarantee...
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...Devastating Water Shortage in California COMM/215 Essentials of College Writing 9/1/2014 Devastating Water Shortage in California Imagine lush green grass everywhere, trees full of life, birds singing, butterflies dancing, lovely flowers blooming year round, surfers headed to the beach to catch a wave, and the smell of fresh cut grass. Doesn’t this paint a perfect place? This is the view when you drive around Southern California. However, California is experiencing the biggest water drought in California's history contributing to severe water shortage. You surely wouldn't know this is happening if you came for a visit. It is time for the residents of California to take off their rose-colored glasses and see the seriousness of the water shortage. They need to educate themselves on how to conserve water and learn to apply some of the techniques into their daily lives. It is estimated that California residents will run out of water within the next twelve to eighteen months if no one takes action right now. California is in the third year of this devastating water drought, and there seems to be no weather related relief in sight. There are many time-consuming and costly solutions to fix this ongoing water shortage, but these solutions will take years. Building a new aqueduct, accessing new water resources, and converting saltwater to usable water will make an impact and help the water shortage further down the road. Farmlands...
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...Deficient water resources: causes and solutions Water is vital for all living creatures on our planet and has become increasingly deficient recently. Global water problems are attracting increasing attention. There are a series of reasons causing this problem and some possible solutions will be raised in this essay. First, it is undeniable that the rapid population growth is a considerable contributor to water shortage over the world. Water shortages are becoming more and more serious in many areas of our planet due to the increasing demand on water supplies for households, agriculture and manufacture. Moreover, the lack of awareness about the value of water is another culprit of water crisis. In many countries where water is still available enough people tend to perceive water as either a cheap commodity or an infinite resource. For this reason, the unbridled use of water is commonplace, accelerating the exhaustion of this valuable resource. Spontaneously, governments also lack law enforcement to prevent water from being wasted, although this global problem is happening at an alarming rate. Human-induced pollution is worthy of concern as well, a factor regarded by many as the root cause of the rapid loss of drinkable water. The untreated discharge of numerous pollutants in water bodies such as heavy metals, organic toxins is believed to cause severe impact. Finally, climate change is drastically affecting the global water availability. For example, droughts occur...
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...Water, The Finite Resources Outline I. Introduction A. Opener: What is water scarcity? B. Thesis statement: One of the crises that our environment is facing is fresh water scarcity which is a very serious issue and it affects our global environmental. II. Water shortage effects on environment and human beings. A. Causes disease B. Agricultural fields C. Poverty group D. Aquatic Ecosystems III. Water scarcity is causes by different factors. A. Global warming B. Changes of climate C. Decreasing ground water level D. Population growth and the increased consumption of water IV. Solution for water scarcity is a necessity. A. Water Sharing Treaty B. Environmentalists Oppose Desalination Solution C. Government’s rules, regulations and plan V. Conclusion: People should use water wisely to prepare a better future for our next generation. Water, Our Finite Resources One of the crises that our environment is facing is fresh water scarcity which is a very serious issue and it affects our global environment. In the boundless black desert of space, the Earth which is always a blue-green oasis has a finite stock of fresh water (Lean, 2009). Water is the principal element for all socio-economic growth and for sustaining healthy ecosystems (“Water scarcity: The”, n.d.). Water scarcity is the product of an inequity between the supply of and demand for water supplies in a geographical area. Plainly put, water...
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...'Common People, Not Corporates Should Own The Water Resources: Rajendra Singh -Atul Chaurasia "Rahiman paani raakhiye, Bin paani sab soon. Paani gaye na ubere Moti, manus, choon..." (Says Rahim, keep water/ As without water there is nothing/ Sans water pearl loses its luster, Man its existence, Lime its effervescence) Nothing signifies the importance of water more than this couplet by the 16th-century poet Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana. It goes without saying that water is vital for the existence of mankind. But, water resources in modern times are constrained like never before. Last month, Section-144 had to be imposed in Maharashtra's Latur and Osamanabad districts to prevent riots arising out of acute water scarcity. Such situations are...
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... on the other hand, there is a tremendous gap between the rich and the poor. And India has a great problem. It is water problem. “Now, about 700 million people in the world live on the situation of water shortage. Since people can get only insanitary water, 4900 children (about 1,800,000 people per year) pass away every day according to The U.N. water-resources report, a Human Development Report in 2006.” (Network Earth Village, Environment and Pease NGO, 2012)India is also one of the countries with water shortage And India have some water problems: as stated above, water shortage, water pollution and lagging behind in sanitation. First, in India, water shortage is big problem. People are forced some difficulty by water shortage. First, during the dry season, many corner of India lack water. India has three seasons, which are monsoon, dry season and, heat season. Season of monsoon from June through September, it rains heavily. However, during the season from November through March, many corners of India get dry and lack water. Besides, the rainfall for the past ten years decreased about twenty percent, and also the dry season became long because of climate change by the global warming. In addition, people are forced to walk long distances to find water (Harris, 2013). Because the tap water of India does not fit drink. Harries (2013) explains, For example, a woman, whose name is Arphisha, Arphisha lives...
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...AE 3B Problem Solution Essay Assignment Essay’s topic: Water scarcity is one of the key environmental issue of our time. Identify some major causes of water scarcity and describe two solutions. Water plays an important role in developing and maintaining healthy ecosystems. However, water scarcity is an increasing and widespread phenomenon in many countries in the world. Water scarcity refers to either the lack of enough water or lack of access to safe water. The shortage of water is turning out to be more pressing than prediction. This essay will identify some major causes of water scarcity and specifically focus on the solutions of enhancing water stewardship and protecting wetlands. The first major cause of water scarcity is overpopulation. The rapid growth of population has led to a massive demand of water. In the last 50 years, the human population has increased more than double. Moreover, accompanying with population growth are economic development and industrialization. Population growth also results in the need of food, home and clothing, which has added more pressure on the availability of freshwater while water supplies are limited and insufficiently managed. If the consumption rate of water has continued at unsustainable levels, by 2025, two-third of the world population may face water shortage, and ecosystem around the world will suffer even more. Water pollution is the second major cause of water scarcity. It is the result of many reasons, including pesticides...
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...Aniela Santoso EIL 320 Section 6 October 15, 2014 The Solutions of Food Shortage in Somalia Africa, or as known as the Dark Continent, is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent. Every time this continent is mentioned, usually we immediately think about extreme poverty, children’s malnutrition, food and water shortage, also deadly diseases such as HIV/AIDS and Ebola. We only recognize the problem from the surface and just rely on humanitarian organization’s aid. But in reality, people in Africa, especially in Somalia, have undergone a very serious problem of food shortage and famine for a long time and still depend on international’s aid without helpful solution. In fact, Somalia has experienced a situation of acute malnutrition in more than 30 percent of children, at least two deaths per 10,000 people every day and access to less than four litres of water a day (CARE, 2012). Therefore, this paper will examine the possibly long-term solutions in economic, social, and political sectors to overcome the root of this problem. Food shortage in Somalia occurred as a result of natural and human factors. There are three major factors that cause this problem, which is dominated by human factors. First, Somalia has experienced civil war and political unrest as a result of the domination of an organization called Al Qaeda, which is led by Al Shahaab. Al Qaeda prohibited any deliveries of food aid from any organizations and agencies (Erdenemunkh, 2013). Second,...
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...Antonio Vesselinov Professor Phillip Larson Intro to Geography 101 (Section 1) 11/5/14 Hydrology and Water Supply Issues It’s used to drink, shower, clean, grow food, wash cars, and cook food, but it’s are running out. Northern states do not have the same water supply issues that the southwestern states have, but that does not mean they do not exist. Water is a precious resource that is vital for an organism to survive and creates an habitable environment compared to other planets. However, though earth possesses water there isn’t enough to fulfill the needs of everyone. A large percentage of water on earth is salt water and cannot be used the same way as fresh water. In the southwest region of America there are 30 million people...
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...particularly around water. Water is critical for economic growth and well-being; conversely, economic activities have an impact on water availability and quality. When water resources are limited or contaminated, or where economic activity is unconstrained and inadequately regulated, serious social problems can arise. And in China, these factors have come together in a way that is leading to more severe and complex water challenges than in almost any other place on the planet. II. Water Problems and Possible Solutions China’s water resources are over allocated, inefficiently used, and grossly polluted by human and industrial wastes, to the point that vast stretches of rivers are dead and dying, lakes are cesspools of waste, groundwater aquifers are over-pumped and unsustainably consumed, uncounted species of aquatic life have been driven to extinction, and direct adverse impacts on both human and ecosystem health are widespread and growing. Of the 20 most seriously polluted cities in the world, 16 are in China. The major watersheds of the country all suffer severe pollution. Three hundred million people lack access to safe drinking water. Desertification, worsened by excessive withdrawals of surface and groundwater, is growing in northern China. Some of the water problems that China is facing are: • 700 million people consume contaminated water • 40% of the Chinese water is polluted. And 50% of that water is so severely dangerous, that even contact with the water is...
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...about for my final project is water resources. Water resources are very important because without water this world as we know it wouldn’t be in existence. We all need water for daily survival and we need to do whatever we can to help keep our water resources clean and from drying out. I will discuss in details issues we are currently facing and how nonliving and living factors contribute to this issue, positive and negative human effects. My paper will also include a sustainability and mitigation plan and provide benefits and challenges regarding water resources. My paper will also help individuals to understand the importance of water resources and without putting too much effort into it they can do their part to help. Problems with water resources There are so many problems we are facing today regarding water resources such as the misuse of water, overpopulation, fresh water and lack of drinking water. If we do not slow down and play close attention to our water resources and stop taking it for granted that our resources will always be in existence then there is no hope for our future generations. According to an article written on wikibooks website it stated that two of the most serious problems facing humans today are shortages of fresh water and the lack of safe drinking water. Humans use six times as much water today as we did a hundred years ago. As the number of people on Earth continues to rise, our demand for water grows. Also, people living in...
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