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Spanish Si Clauses

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Submitted By ingrido
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'Si' Clauses
First Conditional: Possible or Likely Situations
1. Si + present + present
The si + present tense, present tense construction is used for things that happen (regularly) when a condition is met.
e.g. Si llueve, no trabajamos - If it rains, we don't work.
Miro la televisión si no quiero leer - I watch TV if I don't want to read.

2. Si + present + future
The si + present tense, future tense construction is used for events that will occur (in the future) if the condition is met (in the present).
e.g. Yo lo haré si tengo tiempo - I will do it if I have time.
Si estudias, serás inteligente - If you study, you will be smart.

Second Conditional: Unlikely or Currently Contrary Situations
3. Si + imperfect subjunctive + conditional
This type of 'si' clause is "currently contrary" because the situation described is not currently true. But if the situation changed, the result clause would be able to occur.
e.g. Si tuviera dinero, iría contigo - If I had money, I would go with you.
(I don't have any money so I can't go, but if I did [currently contrary], I would be able to.)

Podrías ver a tu hermano si fueras con nosotros. - You could see your brother if you went with us.
(You say you don't want to go with us, so you won't see your brother, but if you did go with us [currently contrary], you would see him.)

Third Conditional: Impossible Situations
4. Si + pluperfect subjunctive + conditional perfect
This construction is used when referring to something that would have happened if some condition had been met. Since the condition was not met, the result clause is impossible.
e.g. Si hubiera sabido, habría ido contigo. - If I had known, I would have gone with you.
(I hadn't known, so I didn't go with you, but if I had [impossible], I would have.)

¿Habrías comprado el libro si te hubiera dicho? - Would you have bought the book if I had

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