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Speech and Perception Worksheet

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Speech Perception Worksheet

Jason Helmer

Sensation and Perception

PSY/345

Lynn Davison

July 20, 2015

University of Phoenix Material

Speech Perception Worksheet

Complete the following table.

|Components |Description/Function |
|Acoustic signal |Speech sounds are produced by the position or movement of structures in the vocal apparatus, which |
| |produce pressure patterns |
|Articulators |Structures that alter the shape of the vocal tract, such as the lips, tongue, and soft palate. |
|Formants |The change is shape changes the resonant frequency of the vocal tract and produces peaks of pressure|
| |at a number of different frequencies. |
|Sound spectrogram |Indicates the pattern of frequencies and intensities over time that make up the acoustic signal |
|Formant transitions |Rapid shifts in frequency preceding or following formants |
|Phonemes |The shortest segment of speech that, if changed, would change the meaning of a word. |
|Categorical perception |Occurs when stimuli that exit along a continuum are perceived as divided into discrete categories. |
|McGurk effect |Although auditory information is the major source of information for speech visual can have a strong|
| |influence on what is heard |
|Speech segmentation |The perception of individual words in a conversation. |
|Transitional probabilities |Describes the way sounds follow one another in a language, the chances that one sound will follow |
| |another sound. |
|Indexical characteristics |Carry information about the speaker such as their age, gender, and emotional state |
|Broca’s aphasia |Damage to Broca’s area in the frontal lobe, their speech is labored and stilted and can only speak |
| |in short sentences. |
|Wernicke’s aphasia |Damage to Wernicke’s area of the temporal lobe, they can speak fluently but what they say is |
| |extremely disorganized and not meaningful. |
|Dual-stream model of speech |Proposes a ventral (what) pathway starting in the temporal lobe that is responsible for recognizing |
|perception |speech, and a dorsal (where) pathway starting in the parietal lobe that is responsible for linking |
| |acoustic signal to the movements used to produce speech. |
|Motor theory of speech perception |This theory proposes that hearing speech activates motor mechanisms that control movement of the |
| |articulators, such as the tongue and lips. That activation of these motor mechanisms, in turn |
| |activate additional mechanisms that enable us to perceive the sound. |

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