...Speech And Language Disorders Psychology Essay Young children can have unclear speech and mispronounce words, but as the children get older they learn how to use their tongue, lips and brain to work in harmony to say difficult and unfamiliar words. For most children speech difficulties pass with time but for some they find it hard so they repeat or pro-long sounds. This can be very hard for children so they can struggle to find ways to avoid using these sounds or words. A phonological disorder is when a child has a problem with producing sound that is needed for the child to speak. Children with phonological disorder can have problems controlling their rate of speech and can fall behind when learning certain sounds. 2 to 3 year old children often mispronounce words and can confuse the sounds that they hear, but if these problems continue as the child gets older, the child may need speech therapy. Research shows that phonological disorders affects "10% of pre-school children, but by the ages of 6 or 7 years only 2% or £% meet the criteria for phonological disorder" (APA, 2000, Tallal & Benasich, 2002.) According to the Irish Association of Speech and Language there are three forms of language difficulty in a child with SSLI. This is a where a child would have problems with both understanding and producing language. A child having problems with understanding but producing language more difficult and lastly a child would have particular difficulty with parts of language forms...
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...are afflicted with a speech impediment, there often seems to be little hope. Many of these people are ridiculed as children, or cast out of society as a young adult because they are not able to communicate as efficiently as others. A speech and language pathologist can help them, and ultimately, change their life. Speech-language pathologists are sometimes called speech therapists. Their duties are to assess, diagnose, treat, and help those with communication and swallowing disorders. Speech, language, and swallowing disorders result from a variety of causes including stroke, brain injury, hearing loss, developmental delay, cleft lip or palate, cerebral palsy, and even people with emotional problems. Speech pathologists play a very important role in the lives of many people. Speech pathology is a relatively new profession. Many people believe that children suffering from a speech disorder will eventually grow out of it. However, this is not always the case. The profession first surfaced in the late 1940s, after World War II. Many soldiers returned from the frontlines with head wounds that limited or altered their ability to speak. Teachers, neurologists, and other doctors wanted to help the injured men, and a profession was born. Speech pathologists work with people who cannot speak clearly or at all. In America, this includes people who speak English as a second language. They also work with people who have problems with swallowing and eating. Speech and language pathologists...
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...Background/history: Jason is a 47 year old man who lives in Shelburne Falls Massachusetts. Jason suffers from major depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and has suffered multiple concussions, which impacts his memory, organization, attention, focus, mood and social interactions. Jason reports of a secondary condition of nerve damage in his right arm and suffered a traumatic brain injury while serving in the military. This past fall Jason was attending Greenfield Community College with aspirations of becoming a Medical Technician. He stated he completed the fall semester but needed to withdraw from the spring semester due to his severe depression which was brought on by the recent passing of his father. He is referred for an assistive technology evaluation by MRC, VRC Patricia Bigelow to see if there is assistive technology that would be helpful as Jason pursues his vocational goal of becoming a paramedic. Functional Status:...
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...the effects of a music-based speech and language therapy approach on late talking toddlers and compare with a literacy-based speech and language therapy approach. Research Questions Do sung lyrics in speech and language intervention promote growth of expressive vocabulary in toddlers who are late talking? Does literacy-based speech and language intervention promote growth of expressive vocabulary in toddlers who are late talking? Does a speech and language therapy approach integrating sung lyrics promote a greater increase in growth of expressive vocabulary in toddlers who are late talking compared to a literacy-based speech and language therapy approach? Literature Review Identification of late talkers is difficult due to: large variability in the rate of development, the fact that many late talkers outgrow their delay (Rescorla et al., 1997; Thal et al., 1997), & lack of efficient standardized methods (Fenson et al., 1993; Rescorla, 1989; Robertson & Ellis Weismer, 1999; Tyler & Tolbert, 2002). Previous research attempts to pinpoint predictor variables (Rescorla et al., 1997; Robertson & Ellis Weismer, 1999; Williams & Elbert, 2003), however inconsistent results. Limited literature regarding music intervention for late talkers; however, it has been used in the past to supplement speech and language therapy and for a variety of populations (Belin et al., 1996; Roper, 2003; Whipple, 2004). Literacy treatment continues to gain acknowledgment in speech and language intervention with...
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...written, around the quotation marks it would say “asked innocently”, “said loyally”, “whispered”, or “offered humbly”. But around a man’s quotations marks it would say “said challengingly”, “demanded aggressively”, “urged”, or “exclaimed contemptuously”. I agree strongly with Macaulay when he states that “No doubt the novelists intended to be realistic in describing two very different styles of speech, but in doing so, they also reinforce the stereotypes of men and women.” Of course I would interpret women to be nurturing if everything they said was prefaced with something like “asked innocently”. I would not see a woman’s use of the English language to be harsh, or confident. I liked the use of logos that Macaulay uses when speaking about the actual differences between men and women. I think that although pathos and ethos are effective sometimes, when trying to prove an argument such as this you need to use actual facts. For example, when speaking of the true differences between men and women in regards to the English language he said that boys are much more likely to suffer from speech disorders than girls. As well, he says that men on average have deeper...
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...like to state in no way, I would like to demoralize all those people who attended this centre and believes to be completely cured, I am really happy for those people who have been able to cure themselves after attending his course, it is actually a manifestation that they have accepted their problem, changed their speaking style and controlled the flow of speech. However, I would like to raise some serious questions regarding his claim to cure stammering in two weeks and also the techniques that he uses in his claim for fluency. I attended his center sometimes back and although I practiced daily for few months as he advised, I still suffer from blocking problems and there is occasional fumbling of words, but I control it and this control I have learnt to use even before attending Stammering Cure Centre and it has been strengthened after I met a local speech therapist .Two of the persons who attended the centre and with whom I am in contact have lost faith in Mr. Bagchi’s techniques as they discovered 100 % cure are not possible, but yes they have accepted their problem and is trying to refine the art of controlling their speech. Let me make some points below (please note the statements which I have included within quotation marks “…….” are self made statements made by Mr. Bagchi in his website, his book ‘STAMMERING A SURE CURE’ and practice material book. 1) What exactly is cure and fluency? Before entering the room where there were 15-16 guys practicing with him, I had...
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... Learning disability is a term used to describe specific kinds of learning problems. A person can have problems with skills like reading, listening, speaking, math, writing, and reasoning. Learning disabilities constitutes over half of the special education services. The cause of learning disabilities deals with the dysfunction of the brain and how it processes information it may be related to medical or genetic. Having problems receiving and sending messages deals with communication disorder. Students with high achievement, intellectually has the capacity to retain, learn, and use an extreme amount of information is called gifted .In this paper I will discuss the characteristics, causes and definition of learning disabilities, communication disorders, and giftedness. Learning Disability 3 Learning Disability Learning disabilities or learning disorder affect how a person receives information, how they process it, and how they communicate. People with learning disabilities have problems processing sensory information. The art of learning is affected because a student cannot learn as quickly as his/her counterparts. Due to low achievement some student are misdiagnosed with having a learning disability. Students with learning disability show characteristics of deficits in written language, underachievement in math, poor social skills, attention...
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...Part A My Video Title | | SourceUnderline as appropriate | http://www.englishcentral.com/video/10084/introductions-meet-the-boss | Part 1(~ 50 words) | This is a video about Obama speech, every word of his speech was so powerful and in this half and a minutes long speech, he brightly pointed out what the follow speech is all about and also made the good atmosphere that everyone draw attention to that speech. | Part 2 & 3(~ 100 words) | Some one said that Obama’s speech is like a symphony. His speeches are so powerful because it has a shape, it has forms. During his speech he used the technique like Fast/slow, loud/quite, all of which may be separated by a short pause or silence. He has different movements and forms, also it has a harmonious whole. His powerful symphony and well crafted and delivered speech, in his ways, move the listener. Audience pay all their attention to Obama. I learnt a lot as I was lack of symphony preformence. | Do either Part B OR Part C to complete your reflection record for this module. Submit only one part. Part B My Activity Language ActivityUnderline as appropriate | CILL activity Others pls specify | Title | Movie watching – The Ring | Part 1(~ 50 words) | It is a horror film that produce from America , adapt from a famous horror film from Japan-----Ringu. Its about a girl who become a ghost and the story behind it. All that history is discover by the Main character. | Part 2 & 3 (~ 100 words) | At first,...
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...1:30-3:00pm Phone: 480-965-5095 (HDSHC main office) and by appointment WELCOME TO COM 225! The purpose of this course is to enable you to better understand theories and practices of public speaking. This course is designed to improve not only your delivery techniques but also your speech-writing and persuasion abilities. Additionally, this course is arranged to develop the skills necessary for you to critically evaluate both written and spoken speeches of others and to enter the public dialogue on issues that are important to you and your life. I am confident there is much to gain from the study of public speaking. The skills developed by engaging in this course work have practical applications in each of your lives. Although your participation may take place in various forms and environments, each of you will inevitably face the task of delivering, constructing, or consuming speeches. Developing your public speaking skills will prepare you for school or work presentations, job interviews, political campaigns, community meetings, and many other situations as well. BENEFITS OF THIS COURSE The objectives of this course are to: • Improve your speech delivery • Understand the ability to create effective speeches • Improve your listening skills • Improve your ability to think critically on a variety of subjects and genres • Improve your research skills • Develop skills to analyze your own and other’s speeches ...
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...Overcoming Obstacle One of the most challenging obstacles I have had to overcome was learning a second language. To be successful I established two specific few goals to help guide me in the right direction. First, and I feel the most important goal, was to speak the language at all times. The second goal I made was to read the language whenever possible. Speaking the language was the most important goal to me because the act of speaking words helped ingrain those words and their definitions into memory. I always carried a dictionary/translator with me so I could look up words I did not know. In the beginning, not having a proper core knowledge of the language made this goal extremely difficult. As time progressed, however, I realized that it was becoming easier and easier to not only speak, but I required less time to think of what I was trying to say. Reading the language was another important goal to help me learn a second language. Reading the language was very helpful for increasing my vocabulary. I would always read out loud while working on this goal, which in turn also helped me achieve the first goal, as well. As I did with speaking the language, I kept a dictionary close by as to look up the words I did not know. Again as time went on, I noticed that the frequency of having to look up words began to decrease. Having to learn a second language is a difficult task to accomplish. The setting of goals was crucial to the success of my accomplishment...
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...Journal #1 My speech wasn’t as bad as I thought it was going to be, but it could have been better if I put more time into getting more information from my partner. The body paragraphs needed to give more information and go into more detail. Although it wasn’t that bad of a speech giving the thought that we met up for about thirty minutes. Back in high school when someone was giving a speech, we, the audience always tried to make them laugh, or simply just didn’t pay attention to the speaker and did something else. Now the audience was paying attention and being respectful which calmed me down when giving my speech. As the speaker I needed to be more enthusiastic while giving my speech, because how is the audience going to be interested if I don’t even seem interested. I noticed very few people glancing at their phones or just with a blank look in their face; this made me relax a little more for some reason. Even though I could have had more information and gone more into detail, my speech did flow from the thesis statement to my conclusion paragraph. I was getting more nervous as the names kept getting closer to mine, once my partner Aldo, brought me up when he gave his speech, which calmed my nervousness down a bit because it wasn’t that bad being in front of the class and having everyone’s eyes looking at you. Once my turn came to speak, I took deep breaths as I made my way to the front of the classroom, and once there I paused, and took one last deep breath, and then...
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...As the globalization process accelerating, it is critical to learn a foreign language. Therefore, we can communicate with foreigners with few language barriers. At the sometime, how to learning is a frequent topic of discussion languages. Some argue that understanding the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it is benefit to learn a language. Personally, I agree with this opinion. A language is not only including vocabulary and grammar; also the cultures and lifestyle are mutually exclusive. In the first place, without understanding the cultures, we might use the language in some wrong cases. For example, it is wired when you staring talking with climate in English speaking countries, however it is a normal beginning in China. In the second place, lifestyle is a key factor to learning a language, especially in writing essays. In western area, essays always begin the writer’s views. In contrast, in our country, we prefer to render our opinions at the end of the essays. In the third place, learning about the country has the inherent advantage of learning language. More specifically, some special words restrict to some countries. If you never been there, you would not understand such words accurately. Admittedly, there would be some drawbacks if you learn a language in this way. To begin with, it is time-consuming. Generally, understanding a language’s background cost more time than only learning grammar and vocabulary. In addition, it is also...
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...interrupt. • Don’t talk to only one person when conversing in a group. • Don’t engage in “one-upping. • Don’t overshare. Things Not to Say • “Am I boring you?” • “Huh?” “What?” “Say What?” “Eh?” • “Actually, you should say ‘between you and me,” not ‘between you and I.’” • “Stop me if I’ve told you this story before…” The Number One Rule of Conversation: Be Natural Source: http://artofmanliness.com/2010/09/24/the-art-of-conversation/ Public Speaking Public Speaking • Definition • Speaking Opportunities • Similarities between PS and Conversation • Differences between PS and Conversation • Speech Communication Process • Factors to be Considered During Speaking Public Speaking • Public speaking is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence, or entertain the listeners. • It is closely allied to "presenting", although the latter has more of a commercial advertisement connotation. Speaking Opportunities • At work • Selling your ideas • Technical...
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...Abubakr Mohamed 1. What I most liked about my speech was the first three and a half minutes because I started out my speech with confidence and strong voice that carries throughout the room. I also followed my outline and stick to it which made my purpose clear and showed the importance of the topic to the audience. Moreover my eye contacts was on entire audience , my posture was good , legs did not cross, no leaning on podium, and my hands movement was minimal and did not move too much which is the case when I usually talk to people. I think I also was able to show the importance of my topic to audience by getting their attention. I avoided making my speech to technical so it will be easy for those who are not familiar with the topic to understand. 2. After the three and a half minutes I started to rely heavily on my outline instead of eye contact and that the main point I need to work on. Also, I had multiple problems with stumbling over my words and using fill in words instead of speaking clearly and using very descriptive words. Furthermore, I saw that I tended to sway a lot, and that is something I will consciously try to fix during my next speech. In term of content, my outline needed more information and examples that will encourage the audience to ask questions after the speech and that will reflect their interest in my speech. For delivery , I was very nervous and I stumbled over my words and I had to pause longer than I should to recall my points ...
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...Figurative Language versus Literal Language Professor Veronica S Critical Thinking – PHI 210 January 22, 2013 Figurative Language versus Literal Language Figurative language is writing or speaking where ‘figures of speech’ such as metaphors and similes freely occur (Oxford Reference, 2003) where as literal language is opposed to figurative it suggests the influence of the letter as a measure of strictness and rightness: the literal truth is seen as being true in a basic and absolute way. If something is done literally, a person follows instructions ‘to the letter’, without flexibility or imagination (Oxford Reference, 2003). In this paper several figurative language expressions will be defined and discussed by providing examples for each term, appropriate circumstances for using the expressions and when it might lead to misunderstanding. An idiom is an expression established in the usage of a language that is peculiar to itself either in grammatical construction (as no, it wasn’t me) or in having a meaning that cannot be derived as a whole from the conjoined meanings of its elements (as Monday week for “the Monday a week after next Monday”; many a for “many taken distributively”; had better for “might better”; how are you? for “what is the state of your health or feelings?”) (Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary, 2002) Also an idiom doesn’t mean what its individual words mean. In Italian, “In the mouth of the wolf” is an idiom, it means “Good luck”, and “kick the bucket”...
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