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Statapult Design

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EPSA – Exploraciones Peligrosas SA

Alcance De Catapulta

La compañía ESPA (Exploraciones Peligrosas SA) se dedica investigar la composición de suelo en zonas donde existe la duda de contener materiales que presenten peligro para la salud.

EPSA utiliza, como herramienta de exploración, una catapulta de alta precisión y municiones especiales. Las municiones solo pueden ser utilizadas una sola vez y contienen un dispositivo
De comunicación especial que envía al centro de análisis la información necesaria que se procesa para contener la composición de materiales del suelo y del aire en esa zona. El costo de las municiones es elevado debido al sofisticado equipo de comunicación con el que cuenta.

El procedimiento de operaciones de EPSA es el siguiente: 1. El cliente decide que puntos del área deben ser analizados. 2. El equipo especialista en lanzamientos determina las condiciones del proceso. 3. La catapulta se prepara para el lanzamiento de acuerdo a las condiciones establecidas por el equipo especialista. 4. se realiza el disparo. 5. si la munición da en el blanco, entonces envía la información acerca de los materiales encontrados en el suelo. Si no es axial, se debe repetir el disparo ya que la información obtenida puede no ser confiable. En ambos casos, la munición no puede volver a ser usada.

Por razones de seguridad, se debe mantener una distancia minima de un metro entre la zona a explorar y el pie de la catapulta. El alcance máximo de exploración es establecido por EPSA (escala 1:10, 000).

EPSA cobra por sus servicios, en un estudio con 10 blancos, la cantidad de US$95, 000.00; y sus costos se componen de la siguiente manera:

Costo de arranque de contrato: US$20,000.00
Costo de munición usada: US$ 2,000.00
Costo por lanzamiento (mano de obra): US$ 1,000.00

EPSA cuenta con 30 disparos (máximo) para dar en los 10 blancos de cada clientes alguno de ellos requiere mas disparos, el cliente ara un cargo por el servicio demorado, equivalente al 20% (US$19,000.00). Esta cláusula no representa mayor riesgo para EPSA, puesto que el equipo especialista esta altamente capacitado en la metodología seis sigma y el modelo matemático con el que cuentan es muy preciso (tolerancia +/-10 CMS); además, históricamente se ha usado un máximo de 20 tiros, y en promedio 18 tiros, para dar en los 10 blancos.

EPSA trabaja 330 días al ano, cuenta con un total de 5 catapultas con sus respectivos equipos y se lleva, en promedio, 3 días para terminar cada contrato (18 disparos / contrato, si se requieren mas de 18 disparos, EPSA tendrá que disponer de un dia mas). Así, su capacidad máxima es de 550 contratos al ano. Sin embargo, si el número de disparos por cada contrato disminuyera a 14 por contrato, entonces EPSA requeriría de 2 días por cada contrato.

Por otra parte, el equipo comercial de EPSA ha hecho un trabajo estupendo este ano, consiguiendo 650 contratos (de los cuales 100 no han sido cerrados debido a que se sobrepasa la capacidad máxima). Esta situación hace crítico el hecho de tener que acertar en 18 disparos los 10 blancos, de otra forma se perderían algunos clientes ya que se tienen asegurados, disminuyendo la ganancia prevista para el ano.

Con el esquema anterior, 550 contratos asegurados (18 disparos/contrato = 3 días /disparo), el presidente de EPSA ha anunciado una ganancia proyectada antes de impuestos de US$11’500,000.00. Considerando además, que existe una oportunidad de 100 contratos y el, compromiso del área comercial de lograr otras 150, se contempla la opción de adquirir otra catapulta, con una inversión total de US$4’500,000.00. La planeación para su compra se iniciara en un mes.

Finalmente, EPSA ha trabajado siempre con un solo proveedor para adquirir las municiones de alta tecnología a un costo de US$2,000.00/munición y estas son de color amarillo. Sin embargo, el departamento de compras a identificado dos proveedores potenciales de municiones de alta tecnología, ambos cubren los requisitos de producción y entrega que EPSA exige, y el costo prometido por munición son menores que el actual. Uno de los proveedores ofrece municiones perforadas con un costo de US$1,650.00/munición y el otro enviaría municiones sólidas a un costo de US$1,350.00/munición.

Tu eres el Green Belt de equipo especialista en lanzamientos de catapulta. Debes asegurarte que: 1. Los clientes no haga el cargo adicional a EPSA por el servicio demorado. – CRITICO PARA LA SATISFACCION DEL CLIENTE. 2. LA catapulta de en los 10 blancos en un máximo de 18 disparos, de no ser así, se perderían los clientes. – MUY IMPORTANTE PARA MANTENER LA CAPACIDAD PREDICHA. 3. Reducir el numero de disparos requeridos para atinar en el blanco de 14 disparos, así se evitaría la inversión planeada para la compra de la catapulta extra y se incrementaría la capacidad de la compañía –VENTAJA COMPETITIVA. 4. Conseguir todos los ahorros y beneficios económicos potenciales para EPSA.

Como seis sigmas lo indican, realizaras las herramientas en las que eres experto para ayudar a EPSA a lograr sus objetivos estratégicos, los entregables son:

Paso 1: Project Charter.

Paso 2: Validación del Sistema de Medición.

Paso 3: Lista de X’s a evaluar: SIPOC, Mapa de proceso, Fisbone y Matriz Causa Efecto.

Paso 4: Estudio de capacidad inicial y Objetivo de desempeño. A tu equipo se les darán 10 blancos, dispara esos blancos, registra las diferencias y calcula el nivel sigma y DPMOs de tu equipo (Capacidad: corto plazo, desempeño: Largo Plazo).

Paso 5: Reduccion de X’s : FMEA (low hanging fruit).

Paso 6: Plan de análisis de Xs restantes y análisis Estadístico: Plan y ejecución de prueba de Hipótesis.

Paso 7: Descubrir la relación entre variables. Diseño de Experimentos y/o Superficie de Respuesta. Modelo matemático Reducido.

Paso 8: Definir tolerancias de operación. Conclusiones y recomendaciones. Tabla con condiciones de operación de la catapulta.

Paso 9: Realizar dos contratos mas y determinar nueva capacidad del proceso. Calcular beneficios obtenidos.

Recomendaciones:

Usen los ejercicios de la semana para observar las X’s que afectan el proceso y anótelas inmediatamente después de su identificación.

Si tienen duda al leer la distancia de un disparo o si ocurre una causa especial durante el disparo (pelota fuera del aluminio, etc.,), vuelva a repetir el disparo.

Hay muchos errores en la anotación de la distancia. Desarrollen un procedimiento para declarar el valor de la distancia y anotarlo.

Las discusiones durante el trabajo de la catapulta deberían ser resueltas usando herramientas estadísticas vistas durante el entrenamiento, demuestren el uso de las herramientas que acabamos de aprender!!!! Lista inicial de X’s: traten de usar entre 10 y 15 X’s después del FMEA.

Fijación de la catapulta.

Usen los recursos que sena necesarios para que el proyecto sea exitoso.

Planee el tiempo suficiente para desarrollar una buena presentación. La presentación es el medio para la obtención de recursos y muchas veces se convierte en el método de evaluación del desempeño del equipo

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