...decision making situation program that you are familiar (either involved or very interested in) with, has access to data (and other related information), and being implemented in Davao City. I. Cover Sheet II. Executive Summary III. Table of Contents IV. Decision Problem Brief It is suggested that you select a current business decision making problem or situation within your organization where you will readily have access to data that may be used for statistical analyses. Provide a brief for this business decision problem or situation. Discuss why and how statistics may help in making a decision or solve this problem. Indicate any hypotheses that you may have prior to making any statistical computations, if there are any. V. Statistical Tool(s) Used & Results Identify and describe the statistical tool(s) used in your paper. Identify the variables and their operational definitions. How are these variables related to each other? You might want to indicate here your conceptual framework (a concept that you learn from your Business Research course). Present your results here. VI. Evaluation& Recommendation What do your results tell you? Do these help in coming-up with a solution to your office/organization problem? VII. Annexes * SPSS (or any other software) output. * Others...
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...sample format of Chapter 1. Remember, the format is not universal, meaning it could vary from one school to another and/or from one course to another. CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM Chapter 1 includes the following subtopics, namely: 1) Rationale; 2) Theoretical Framework; 3) Conceptual Framework/Paradigm; 4) Statement of the problem; 5) Hypothesis (Optional); 6) Assumption (Optional); 7) Scope and Delimitation; Importance of the study; 9) Definition of terms. Rationale 1. Background of the study 2. Describe the problem situation considering global, national and local forces. 3. Justify the existence of the problem situation by citing statistical data and authoritative sources. 4. Make a clinching statement that will relate the background to the proposed research problem. Theoretical Framework Discuss the theories and/or concepts, which are useful in conceptualizing the research. Conceptual Framework/Paradigm 1. Identify and discuss the variables related to the problem. 2. Present a schematic diagram of the paradigm of the research and discuss the relationship of the elements/variables therein. Statement of the Problem 1. The general problem must be reflective of the title. 2. It should be stated in such a way that it is not answerable by yes or no, not indicative of when and where. Rather, it should reflect between...
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...Bachelor of Science in Business Administration March 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE i APPROVAL SHEET ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF TABLE iv LIST OF FIGURES v Chapter 1: THE PROBLEM AND A REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Introduction Review of Related Literature Conceptual Framework Scope and Delimitation Significant of the Study Definition of terms Chapter 2: METHOD Research Design Research Local Respondents of the Study Data Gathering Procedures Instrument and Tools Used Statistical Treatment of Data LIST OF TABLES Table No. Description Page No. LIST OF FIGURES Figure No. Description Page No. Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND A REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework discussed the flow of the study to be taken. The concept of the study is to prepare a small business in Potrero Malabon City. INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Figure 1. Conceptual Diagram of Proposed System Statement of the Problem This research entitled “Place Marketing Mix Strategies for Selected Local Brand Cupcake Product: Effectiveness Barangay Potrero Malabon City” aims to build a business which determines to know where in Barangay Potrero Malabon City. Furthermore this business take attract residence to buy a cupcake. Specifically, this study wants to answer the following question: 1. From which place in Potrero...
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...| Competencies Assessment | Submitted for MBA 602 | | | Submitted on June 30th 2013 | | This survey taught me a lot about my perception of the government’s role, and the importance government regulation has when it comes to the medical industry. I scored with the majority of the students when it came to describing the roles of biostatics serves in the discipline of public health. I found it to be of low/medium importance level. I do feel there is a need for biostatistics however; it is one of the concepts that does not play in my mind on a daily basis and it seems like most of the other students would agree. It tends to only strike me as important when it is on a national, worldwide, or has gained the importance of the media or news. I also scored with the majority of the class when it came to the statistical concepts as well. I do feel that averages and statically concepts can be very helpful when it comes to the impact that things health wise can have on the human population. When it comes to statistic the number can be manipulated pretty easily to portray whatever picture that people want. That does not mean is what is always being done, but I think is a large reason why as a class we generally find a low importance on it. For example, drug companies do a great job using statistics to show how great their products are with helping the world’s health problems. What the drug companies do not rave about is the other side effects their new medication cause to...
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...Key Concepts from Barnes-Jewish Hospital Case Name: Professor: Course: Date: Key Concepts from Barnes-Jewish Hospital Case Post #1: Management Tools Six Sigma is a common management tool used by experts for the improvement processes in management. The graphical and statistical tools used in Six Sigma include the definition of a problem and the improvement of the opportunity. The performance process is also measured. The root causes of variations and defects are also determined. Finally, the improved process and the future performances are then put under control. Six Sigma management has certifications at different levels with the most basic being the “champion” followed by the “green belt”. The “black belt” and “brown belt” follow and the “master black belt”, closes the highest level of certification. The certification is with regard to the level of skills acquired. Accelerating Change and Transitions (ACT) techniques mention in the Barnes-Jewish Hospital case study train leaders on the management of changes in organization projects and initiatives. The application of ACT concepts is achieved through the use of the ACT propriety model Destra. The model includes elements of defining the elevator speech, creating some urgency sense and engaging all the key stakeholders in the creation of a road map for change. Post #2: Key Management Concepts The key management concepts in the Barnes-Jewish Hospital case include: 1. Adhering to the mission which is an increased patient...
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...and Criminal Justice there are four areas of focus. They are concepts, measurement operations, evaluation of measures, and levels of measurement. We are going to address conceptualization by using substance abuse and related ideas as examples. For measurement, let us review first how measures of substance abuse have been created, utilizing procedures as available data, questions, observations, and less direct and prominent measures. We will also explain how to assess the validity and reliability of these measures. Finally, the level of measurement reflected in unrelated measures is our last topic. Hopefully, at the end of this you will have a fine comprehension of measurement. A concept is a mental image tat summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas. "Concepts such as substance-free housing require an explicit definition before they are used in research because we cannot be certain that all readers will share the same definition. It is even more important to define concepts such as poverty or social control or strain, we cannot be certain that others know exactly what we mean." The meaning of concepts is often disputed among experts and illuminating the meaning of such concepts does not simply benefit those unfamiliar with them. In order to do ample work of conceptualization, we need more than just a definition, for our concepts. We will probably have to distinguish inner aspects of the concept. Conceptualization is defined as "The process of specifying what...
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...and Criminal Justice there are four areas of focus. They are concepts, measurement operations, evaluation of measures, and levels of measurement. We are going to address conceptualization by using substance abuse and related ideas as examples. For measurement, let us review first how measures of substance abuse have been created, utilizing procedures as available data, questions, observations, and less direct and prominent measures. We will also explain how to assess the validity and reliability of these measures. Finally, the level of measurement reflected in unrelated measures is our last topic. Hopefully, at the end of this you will have a fine comprehension of measurement. A concept is a mental image tat summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas. "Concepts such as substance-free housing require an explicit definition before they are used in research because we cannot be certain that all readers will share the same definition. It is even more important to define concepts such as poverty or social control or strain, we cannot be certain that others know exactly what we mean." The meaning of concepts is often disputed among experts and illuminating the meaning of such concepts does not simply benefit those unfamiliar with them. In order to do ample work of conceptualization, we need more than just a definition, for our concepts. We will probably have to distinguish inner aspects of the concept. Conceptualization is defined as "The process of specifying what...
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...Useful Tips in Writing a Research Paper Noel F. Noble, Ph.D. October 27 2015 Chapter 1 Introduction and Background of the Study Introduction Theoretical Framework Theoretical framework shapes the justification of the research problem in order to provide the legal basis for defining its parameters. It is a symbolic construction which uses abstract concepts, facts or laws, variables and their relation that explains and predicts how an observed phenomenon exists and operates. Conceptual Framework Conceptual framework presents specific and well-defined concepts which are called constructs. Its function is similar to theoretical framework because the constructs used are derived from abstract concepts of the theoretical framework. Statement of the Problem Statement of the problem sets the direction of the study. It has to be stated vividly and explicitly in interrogative form. A good research problem should be SMART, that is, Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-Bound. Significance of the Study Significance of the study explains its importance. It defines the contribution of the study in relation to solving the problem and need; bridging a knowledge gap; improving social, economic and health conditions; enriching research instruments and methods; and supporting government thrusts. Significance of the study is presented either in inductive or deductive perspective. In and inductive way, the researcher moves from the particular to the general...
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...and Criminal Justice there are four areas of focus. They are concepts, measurement operations, evaluation of measures, and levels of measurement. We are going to address conceptualization by using substance abuse and related ideas as examples. For measurement, let us review first how measures of substance abuse have been created, utilizing procedures as available data, questions, observations, and less direct and prominent measures. We will also explain how to assess the validity and reliability of these measures. Finally, the level of measurement reflected in unrelated measures is our last topic. Hopefully, at the end of this you will have a fine comprehension of measurement. A concept is a mental image tat summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas. "Concepts such as substance-free housing require an explicit definition before they are used in research because we cannot be certain that all readers will share the same definition. It is even more important to define concepts such as poverty or social control or strain, we cannot be certain that others know exactly what we mean." The meaning of concepts is often disputed among experts and illuminating the meaning of such concepts does not simply benefit those unfamiliar with them. In order to do ample work of conceptualization, we need more than just a definition, for our concepts. We will probably have to distinguish inner aspects of the concept. Conceptualization is defined as "The process of specifying what...
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...1b Introduction • Theory, concepts, hypotheses, models The purpose of research is to discover new knowledge about a certain phenomenon. Such new knowledge could be in terms of understanding, explaining, or predicting. In most situations, understanding, explaining and predicting go hand in hand. Theories are the basic means for the researchers to provide understanding, explanation and prediction. Without a theory, the research will have very limited value…. The meaning of theory – and concepts There’s no general agreement on what a theory really is. Theory is an abstract concept – and such concepts have often many definitions. We will use the following: A theory is a set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and propositions that presents a systematic view of a phenomenon by specifying relations among concepts, with the purpose of explaining and predicting the phenomenon. (This definition is based on Kerlinger, Fred (1973): Foundations of Behavioral Research. London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, p 9). Let’s look closer to this definition: Concept A concept is a generalized idea or a description of a phenomenon. Concepts represent the building blocks of a theory. Concepts are abstractions of reality, and usually non-observable. Example: Attitude, culture, productivity The purposes of a concept is to • Communicate • Classify/generalize (e.g.: entry modes can be classified in export, joint venture, direct investment) In order...
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...sample format of Chapter 1. Remember, the format is not universal, meaning it could vary from one school to another and/or from one course to another. CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM Chapter 1 includes the following subtopics, namely: 1) Rationale; 2) Theoretical Framework; 3) Conceptual Framework/Paradigm; 4) Statement of the problem; 5) Hypothesis (Optional); 6) Assumption (Optional); 7) Scope and Delimitation; 8) Importance of the study; 9) Definition of terms. 1) Rationale (Background of the study) -Describe the problem situation considering global, national and local forces. Justify the existence of the problem situation by citing statistical data and authoritative sources. Make a clinching statement that will relate the background to the proposed research problem. 2) Theoretical Framework -Discuss the theories and/or concepts, which are useful in conceptualizing the research. 3) Conceptual Framework/Paradigm -Identify and discuss the variables related to the problem. Present a schematic diagram of the paradigm of the research and discuss the relationship of the elements/variables therein. 4) Statement of the Problem -The general problem must be reflective of the title. It should be stated in such a way that it is not answerable by yes or no, not indicative of when and where. Rather, it should reflect between and among variables. Each sub-problem should cover mutually exclusive dimensions (no overlapping). The sub-problem should be arranged in logical order...
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... What I’m going to call the standard analytic approach (SA) says that: A) The way to answer WK is to analyse the concept of knowledge. B) To analyse the concept of knowledge is to come up with non-circular necessary and sufficient conditions for someone to know that something is the case. Is the standard analytic approach to WK the right approach? If not, what would be a better way of doing things? These are the questions I’m going to tackle here. I want to look at some criticisms of SA and consider the prospects for a different, non-standard analytic approach (NA) to WK. Here is one objection to SA: the concept of knowledge can’t be analysed, at least if analysis is understood in the way that (B) understands it.[i] (B) assumes a reductive conception of analysis, according to which analysing a concept is a matter of breaking it down into more basic concepts. Let’s say that a concept C1 is more basic than another concept C2 just if one can grasp C1 without grasping C2 but one can’t grasp C2 without grasping C1. Proponents of SA tend to assume that concepts like truth, belief, and justification are in this sense more basic than the concept knows and that that is why they can be used to specify non-circular necessary and sufficient conditions for knowing. If it turns out that such conditions can’t be given, and therefore that the concept of knowledge can’t be analysed, the net result of combining (A) and (B) will be to make WK unanswerable. If this question...
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...researching the information that you have provided. Behaviorism (grand theory) The theory that I chose was behaviorism. Behaviorism is a grand theory of the human development and studies the observation of behavior. This theory is also a learning theory it explains the laws and the process as to how people learn to behave. According to John Watson, “if psychologists can focus on behavior, they will realize that everything can be learned.” I can apply this theory to several concepts as it relates to my Christian worldview. The first concept is prayer; the very first prayer that is learned is The Lord’s Prayer. Through behavior you learned this either listening to someone recite this prayer or you learned it by reading the bible. The second concept is worship. Worship is first learned and then through maturity you develop your own sense of worship. Worship is learned at home by parents or those whom you live with or it’s learned at your church by those who you attend worship service with. The last concept is praise. Praise just like worship is a very important part of my worldviews. Praise is a learned behavior because it teaches you how to give honor to God. Again just like worship this is learned through watching those who worship. Behaviorism can...
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...children’s conceptions change during the instructional process and how the social discussion during the experimental exploration can be seen in terms of the cognitive changes in children. Young children’s conceptual change has not been as widely studied as that in older students. The researcher in this case study suggested that conceptual changes as a party of the learning process should be viewed as a life long process, which begins before children enter school. Six-year-old children undergo floating and sinking during their conceptual change process. This article attempted to describe this process and how social discourse during the process of knowledge construction is linked to the change in children’s concepts. Conceptual change had generally been examined only through cognitive functions as a general process without consideration of the context before this case study. The children that were selected for this study were pre-schoolers age six. They all hailed from the city of Joensuu, Finland and were from the kindergarten involved with the ESKO research project. The groups wanted to participate in the study, but the researchers taught the topic after the teachers disagreed. The children came from two different groups in the kindergarten with mixed genders. The research was conducted into three parts: pre-interview, instructional process, and post-interview. The pre-interview consisted of two parts that aimed...
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...Alienation is a key theme in Peter Skryznecki’s Migrant Hostel and Tim Winton’s Neighbours. The authors use techniques to engage the reader and to teach the responder about alienation and how it affects people. Skryznecki uses symbolism to convey that migrants were alienated from Australian society. Skryznecki says "barrier at the main gate" to emphasize how the migrants were excluded from the outside world. The "barrier" is both literal and symbolic. It is symbolic of the barrier to belonging in Australia, and the alienation of migrants. Skryznecki uses similes to reiterate his point that migrants were alienated. He say "like a homing pigeon" to compare migrants to birds. He does this to show that the migrants don't belong the are constantly moving to survive like birds do. He further develops this idea through a second simile "like birds of passage". He is explaining that nothing was certain, and there was no security or place of belonging. The migrants feel alienated and want to belong but the Migrant hostel won't let them, they are being forced into alienation. Skryznecki uses similes to convey his thematic concern of alienation. Perceptions and ideas of belonging, and of not belonging, vary. There is no definite truth to where someone belongs. A person can belong somewhere different to where they are assumed to belong. and can not be forced on someone. People belong to different groups than others. Perceptions of belonging are shaped by personal, cultural and social...
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