...Refreshment PLC case study question: Discuss the concept of strategic drift and from the viewpoint of Refreshment PLC, identify the likely main strategic drivers that are likely to apply in the case of the proposed strategic alliance. Whenever strategy is discussed, there has to be a starting point and a desired end point in a given timescale. Strategy is the process or way of getting to the desired state or end point. Strategic drift occurs when external and internal events, foreseeable and unforeseeable impact and alter the course of the strategy, thus effectively misaligning the strategy with the desired outcomes and achieving an altered course of action. This veering off from the set path or strategy is called strategic drift. Basically, Refreshment PLC aims to infiltrate new Asian markets for its flagship product line which markets its product as low calorie and sugar free. Refreshment sees the Asian market as huge marketing potential and as per strategy, following strategic drivers have been identified: Strategic Drivers: The alliance which is being formed will help both Refreshment PLC and Scorpion in attaining mutual strategic objectives which are relevant to each partner respectively. Evolutionary Drivers: As refreshment PLC found out the market for its products in Europe is saturated, so it needs to go for greener pastures, in essence market its products in larger markets. It is a very feasible option as information flow mechanisms and the internet have made it...
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...Week 7 Discussion Question What are the advantages and disadvantages of involving supply chain partners in the development of new products and services? Response to Week 7 Discussion Question The development of new product and services is the most integral part of strategic operations management of a company which the global competitive factors of the market trend has force manufacturers to develop an innovative quality product(s) with speed and efficiency for the sack of the product becoming acceptable to customer demands and universally excellent which is achieved by the help of integration of supply chain activities that brought speed and efficiency in the flow of developing processes as part of the strategic operations required for developing new product and services by taking into considerations, resource capability to create and deliver the innovative product to the expectations of the customer/consumer demands. The contribution of strategic design of operations resources can be defined as “a supply chain network with an interconnection of organizations which synchronize through upstream and downstream linkages between flow of different processes and activities which produce value in form of products and services to the ultimate customer”. Slack & Lewis (2008, p. 100) However, to better synchronized flows of information for all the innovative deliverables required for the development relationships, there exist a need to involving a supply chain partner as a...
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...Dimitrios Champlaie MGM255 -1203B-02: Management Fundamentals Phase 5IP, Responsibilities of Management Instructor: Kimberly Normann Organizational change occurs when a company makes a transition from its current state to some desired future state. The first thing a company does is diagnose the current state of the organization. This involves identifying problems the company faces, assigning a level of importance to each one, and assessing the kinds of changes needed to solve the problems. The second rule of order is to design the desired future state of the organization. This involves picturing the ideal situation for the company after the change is implemented, conveying this vision clearly to everyone involved in the change effort, and designing a means of transition to the new state. An important part of the transition should be maintaining some sort of stability; such as the company's over-all mission or key personnel—should re-main constant in the midst of turmoil to help reduce people's anxiety. The third order of operation is to implement the change. This involves managing the transition effectively. It might be helpful to draw up a plan, allocate resources, and appoint a key person to take charge of the change process. The company's leaders should try to generate enthusiasm for the change by sharing their goals and vision and acting as role models. The process of planning and implementing change...
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...INTRODUCTION Partnerships are defined by the Audit Commission (1998) as “joint working arrangements where parties are otherwise independent bodies who agree to co-operate to achieve common goals, create a new organisational structure or process to achieve these goals, plan and implement a joint programme and share relevant information, tasks and rewards”. Stern and Green (2005) clarify the definition of partnerships further as programmes that have “a high level of commitment, mutual trust, equal ownership and the achievement of a common goal, as distinct from networks which involve sharing information or other resources but not for the explicit purpose of joint working”. Definitions are particularly significant to the topic of this essay, as the component characteristics of partnerships as set out above are often overlooked by organisations and individuals when approaching the delivery of activities ‘in partnership’. In theory, partnership involves collaborative working where people pool ideas and expertise, so the leadership, energy and services produced are greater than the sum of their individual capabilities. It also requires re-thinking the remit or boundaries of organisations within which leadership is to be distributed and respected. This is particularly relevant when considering partnerships to deliver single outcome agreements that have previously been the responsibility of one body, or several bodies in isolation. These are challenges to which public sector...
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...Task 310.12 Sole Proprietorship A sole proprietorship is an unincorporated business with a single owner that deals with personal income tax from profits of the business. A key disadvantage of a sole proprietorship as an organizational form is that it does not create another legal entity, making the sole proprietor responsible for all debts incurred. A key advantage to becoming a sole proprietor is startup is usually easy and all the profits that are incurred by a single owner (“Sole Proprietorship Definition | Investopedia”, n.d.). Liability A sole proprietorship has possible huge pitfalls by operating with almost no protection to the proprietor’s personal liability. In other business forms like corporations and limited liability corporations a legal entity is created to protect the personal assets of owner. In the case of defaulting, creditors are able to collect debt at a business asset level and a personal asset level creating a huge risk for a sole proprietor (Larson, 2004). Income Taxes A sole proprietorship taxes are treated as one income of the sole proprietor. This means that all income, business bank accounts, and personal account must be claimed in an income tax return of the sole proprietor. This is a huge disadvantage since you are unable to defer any income to the next year (Larson, 2004). Longevity or Continuity A sole proprietorship life span is short and will always have an expiration date at some point. The organization will come to an end once...
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...Week One Student Guide This week introduces you to the fundamental principles of the legal system, the importance of our Constitution, and an analysis of the court system. The readings in this area cover the concepts that define law and the thoughts that help shape jurisprudence along with its history. The Federal Court, Supreme Court, and the jurisdiction of the courts are also covered. Constitutional law is covered from the perspective of business. This week also provides an introduction to the various forms of business. Small businesses, entrepreneurs, and general partnerships are explored. You discuss how a corporation is formed and how it can be financed. Finally, you study limited liability companies and limited partnerships, as well as franchises and special forms of business. This week further introduces you to the concept of alternative dispute resolution as a method for resolving disputes outside traditional litigation. After first looking at the litigation process, you are then introduced to arbitration, negotiation, mediation, conciliation, minitrial, fact-finding, and the use of a judicial referee. The Legal System and the Legal Forms of Business OBJECTIVE: Explain the major components of the legal system. Resources: Ch. 1, 2, & 4 of Business Law: Legal Environment, Online Commerce, Business Ethics, and International Issues Content • Ch. 1: Legal Heritage and the Information Age o Introduction to Legal Heritage and the Information...
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...Business operations Introduction Businesses can expand and originate from various entity types. Limited or general partnerships, corporation, sole proprietorship, nonprofit organizations, Limited Liability Company (LLC), and Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) may be a few examples of the styles available for business shareholders and owners to choose from in order to carry out their business operations. Each and every style may have its own gains and setbacks as regards taxation, liability and government regulations and laws. In a bid to answer your question, I might have to make use of two different business examples which comprise of different operation styles and guidelines. The two businesses include a bar business and professional practice and may be detailed on the basis of basic requirements necessary for successful business formation. I would also be keen at outlining the entity choice for each of these businesses as a way of providing advantages over the other. A detailed explanation of how each of the two scenarios controls the taxation, liability and business issues would also be in order. To add on that, the regulations, laws and potential risks that may be involved in every business style may be identified. Bar business The best business entity choice for Miriam, Lou and Jose in their business operation could be forming a Limited Partnership. Jose and Lou would then perform the role of general partners hence manage the operations of the business on a daily basis...
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...Hutchinson as an introductory paper to issues for the CCIC’s Learning Circle on NGO Engagement with the Private Sector. CCIC is grateful to the IDRC’s Canadian Partnerships Program for funding for the Learning Circle, including the production of this paper. The author wishes to express appreciation for the editing and other assistance provided by Brian Tomlinson of the CCIC, and for suggestions from other members of the planning group for the Learning Circle: Andrea Botto, Anne Buchanan, Tim Draimin, Philippe Jean, Brian Murphy and Lynda Yanz. 2 NGO Engagement with the Private Sector on a Global Agenda to End Poverty : A Review of the Issues Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. What is this discussion really about? 2 3. Canadian NGOs: issues in advocacy, dialogue and partnership 3 3.1 Advocacy 3 3.2 Direct dialogue 6 3.3 Programming social partnerships and strategic alliances 8 3.3.1 What is driving the discussion of social programming partnerships and strategic alliances? a) Corporate interests b) Intermediary organizations c) NGO interests d) Government agendas e) Overlapping NGO-corporate interests? 10 10 11 12 13 14 3.3.2 Financial relationships 15 3.3.3 Strategic alliances and programming partnerships a) NGO and service / consulting firm partnerships b) Mining sector alliances and partnerships c) Codes of conduct for consumer goods 16 16 17 18 4. Cross-cutting issues 19 4.1 Approaches to social change for poverty reduction 19 4.2 Due diligence ...
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...POLITECHNIKA ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKA WYDZIAŁ ZARZĄDZANIA I MODELOWANIA KOMPUTEROWEGO THE FIRM IN A COMPETITIVE MARKET PART ONE OPRACOWAŁ: dr hab. Jan L. Bednarczyk, prof. PŚK Kielce 2012 CONTENTS 1. Types of partnerships/companies................................................................................3 2. Objectives of a company.................................................................................................8 3. Relationships between companies and their financial management, and other links of the financial system.....................................................................................10 4. Financial statements (accounts) of companies and the information contained in them......................................................................................................................13 1. Balance sheet.................................................................................................14 2. Profit and loss account..................................................................................15 3. Cash flow statement......................................................................................16 5. Analysis of a company’s financial position/standing...............................................17 1. Analysis of financial statements...
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...Sole Proprietorship: There is no legal difference between the Sole Proprietorship and the owner. They are easy to create and can mature as quickly or slowly as the owner wants. There can only be one owner and raising capital can be difficult, so they seek funding from financial institutions. ● Liability The Sole Proprietor is personally responsible for all debts and obligations. Creditors can claim personal assets of business owners and can sue if there is a breach of contract. Income Taxes All income rendered is treated as personal income for the business owner. Ordinary personal income has the highest tax rate, but there are different income takes rates depending on the type of income being taxed. Being able to plane to take advantage of a lower tax rate is difficult for many sole proprietors. Longevity / Continuity The Sole Proprietor is the sole owner, with no partners in the business, if the Sole Proprietor becomes disabled, retires or dies the business is dissolved. It does not the perpetual existence of a corporation. Control The Sole Proprietor makes all the decisions and has total ownership over finances. Profit Retention 100% profit retention allows them to use the profit at their discretion. they can reinvest in their current business, start a new business or use it for personal reasons. Location Expanding or moving is not very complicated. Using a DBA name allows a Sole Proprietor to legally do business under a name other than their full name. To move...
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...PARTNER ASSESSMENT FORM | | | | | | |A ‘prompter’ enabling those creating a partnership to ask systematic questions of any potential partner to ensure a good fit with the goals / needs of the | |partnership. This tool should be used as a starting point for exploring a potential relationship by providing a basis for frank discussions with the key players| |involved at both senior and operational levels. It is designed to raise appropriate questions - not to provide definitive ‘screening’. | | | | | |DOES THE | ...
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...Partnership and it’s relevance in Bangladesh Introduction Since humans are social beings, partnerships between individuals, businesses, interest-based organizations, schools, governments, and varied combinations thereof, have always been and remain commonplace. In the most frequently associated instance of the term, a partnership is formed between one or more businesses in which partners (owners) co-labor to achieve and share profits and losses (see business partners). Partnerships exist within, and across, sectors. Non-profit, religious, and political organizations may partner together to increase the likelihood of each achieving their mission and to amplify their reach. In what is usually called an alliance, governments may partner to achieve their national interests, sometimes against allied governments who hold contrary interests, such as occurred during World War II and the Cold War. In education, accrediting agencies increasingly evaluate schools by the level and quality of their partnerships with other schools and a variety of other entities across societal sectors. Partnerships also occur at personal levels, such as when two or more individuals agree to domicile together, while other partnerships are not only personal but private, known only to the involved parties. Partnerships present the involved parties with special challenges that must be navigated unto agreement. Overarching goals, levels of give-and-take, areas of responsibility, lines of authority and succession...
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...Chapter 5 5-1. The corporation is the most common form of business ownership. Answer: False LG: 1/LL: 1 Page: 142 5-2. The three major forms of business ownership in the U.S. are sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations. Answer: True LG: 1/LL: 1 Page: 142 5-4. Once a business is established, it's almost impossible to change from one form of business ownership to another. Answer: False LG: 1/LL: 1 Page: 142 5-5. A comparison of the three major forms of business ownership shows that sole proprietorships are usually the most difficult type of business to establish. Answer: False LG: 1/LL: 1 Page: 143 5-6. The first step in starting a sole proprietorship is to fill out a proprietorship charter application form and file it with the state government. Answer: False LG: 1/LL: 1 Page: 143 5-8. The profits of a sole proprietorship are taxed as the personal income of the owner. Answer: True LG: 1/LL: 1 Page: 143 5-10. A major advantage of sole proprietorships is that an owner has limited liability for the debts of his or her business. Answer: False LG: 1/LL: 1 Page: 143 5-12. The debts of a business operated as a sole proprietorship are considered to be the personal debts of the owner of the business. Answer: True LG: 1/LL: 1 Page: 143-144 5-13. A drawback of sole proprietorships...
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...Part A (The report) Part B (The memorandum) Student Name Western Governors University Part A (The report) Determining what type of business venture to either start or invest in can be challenging. Over the next several pages we will evaluate the various types of business organizations and at the end of this report; you should have an initial or better understanding of the different types of business forms. Sole Proprietorship: The word proprietorship can sound intimidating. It is important to remember that most things are simplified with knowledge. If your business is a sole proprietorship then you as an individual are the owner and operator of that business. This means the sole proprietor handles everything from setting up the business, which does not require an attorney to establish the business and you only have to report the name of your business if you choose to operate under a name other than your own. Then you need to register your business with the government. • Liability: All liability resides with the owner of the company and even their personal property could be implicated in a situation where the company fails due to poor market conditions, business strategy or if someone is injured as the result of company products or other. The person that owns the business is liable for all aspects of the business and could be drawn into legal actions based on outcomes of liability situations. • Income Taxes: The sole proprietor also reports all earnings...
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...Business Associations Outline 1. Agency a. Creating the Agency Relationship i. agent and principal enter into an agreement (not required to be in writing....no K required) in which the agent acts on the principal’s behalf in entering K’s etc…. 1. if done within the scope of the agency (enter into K, etc…) anything done by the agent is binding on the principal 1. principal may be liable in K, tort, property, etc…. (Vicarious liability) ii. question of agency is a factual matter to be determined as a “matter of fact” b. Res 3d Agency 1.01 (definition of “Agency”) i. Agency relationship created when (First Question to ask when dealing with agency) 1. The principal manifests assent to have the agent act on the principal’s behalf and under the principal’s control; and 2. The agent manifests assent or otherwise consents so to act 1. When agency exists the principles of attribution bind’s the principals to agents dealings with third parties 2. manifestation need not be by words (spoken or written), it may be created by conduct/actions i. Agent rx believes that Principal has manifested assent, and has rx accepted ii. (Notes….Legal Consequences of Agency) 1. Inward Looking Consequences: relate to the relationship between the principal and the agent and are largely governed by the contracts between the parties and by the law of fiduciary duties 2. Outward Looking Consequences: relates to the relationship among the principal, the agent, and a third party and are governed...
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