...Introduction ‘Everyone who has ever held a job has, at some point, felt the pressure of work related stress’ (Coetzee and Schreuder 2009:34). Be consistent with referencing ‘Any job can have stressful elements, even if one likes the job. Further to this, it has been established that more than one third of working people in organizations experience work related stress on a daily basis, but just one third of organizations provide sufficient resources to help employees manage stress’ (De Bruin and Taylor 2006:56). Stressful working conditions in Zimbabwean industries have been rampant with evidence of absence of remuneration and hostile working environment. The question isn therefore, how has employees been coping with stress with particular reference...
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...STUDENT ASSISTANTS: THEIR PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS IN RENDERING SERVICE AT THE SELECTED OFFICES OF HOLY CROSS OF DAVAO COLLEGE ________________ A Research Paper Presented to The Faculty of the Education Department Holy Cross of Davao College ________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements Introduction to Educational Research ________________ by Albasin, Maria Theresa G. Cuesta, Vanessa B. Gravillo, Flora Mae P. Lumanas Joan Mae N. Saraum, Mark Anthony Approval Sheet This research entitled “ Student Assistants: Their Perceived Effectiveness in Rendering Service at the Selected Offices of Holy Cross of Davao College” submitted by Maria Theresa Albasin, Vanessa Cuesta, Flora Mae Gravillo, Joan Mae Lumanas, Mark Saraum in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Education 7 (Introduction to Educational Research) has been examined and recommended for acceptance and approval. Dr. Oscar Cervales Dr. Thelma O. Alderite Dr. Bernardita Aberion Panelist Panelist/ Instructress Panelist i Acknowledgment ...
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...The role of gender in workplace stress: A critical literature review Kristina 1 Gyllensten and Stephen 2 Palmer Abstract Objective The aim of this review was to evaluate research relating to the role of gender in the level of workplace stress. A further aim was to review literature relating to stressors of particular relevance to working women. These stressors included, multiple roles, lack of career progress and discrimination and stereotyping. Design Systematic review. Method Major databases were searched in order to identify studies investigating gender and workplace stress. A range of research designs included and no restrictions were made on the basis of the occupations of the participants. Results Much of the research indicated that women reported higher levels of stress compared to men. However, several studies reported no difference between the genders. Furthermore, the evidence for the adverse effects of multiple roles, lack of career progress and discrimination and were stereotyping was inconsistent. Conclusion The current review concluded that the evidence regarding the role of gender in workplace stress and stressors was inconsistent. Limitations of the research were highlighted and implications for practice were discussed. Key words: workplace stress, gender, stressors Introduction Workplace stress Stress in the workplace is a major problem for both organisations and employees, and it has been estimated that approximately 13.4...
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...Name:Long Huayu ID:13470826 Tutor’s name: Anne O’Brien Title:The Causes and Effects of Stress(字体：times of new roma, 小4) Stress is a human reaction process caused by external stimulation, which includes psychological stress and physical stress. Stress leads to rapid increase of hormones in people's body (BBC, 2013). When the stimulation is exerted to people's body, a small area at the bottom of the brain which is called the hypothalamus will react (BBC, 2013). "The hypothalamus through stimulation will produce hormones which include adrenaline, these hormones will help you process any difficult problem or stress you are facing, which is called "fight or fight" effect" (BBC, 2013). This essay will analyze the causes and effects of stress in modern life and give some advice about how to release the stress. Firstly, this essay will explore the causes of stress in our society. Why does this situation happen? Psychological stress is a process of nervous mood that we have to deal with in our daily life. In modern times, we live in a fast-paced society with high consumption. With economic development, people's material life is improved rapidly. At the same time, all kinds of stress are increasing in our daily life, like work stress, study stress, social stress, relationship stress and family stress. Among these we have to attach great importance to work stress, because work stress has become a serious problem that not only influences our physical and psychological health but...
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...SAJ DEVSHI (C) AQA Psychology (A) Psya2 A* Students Model Essays The A* Students Handbook For More Psychology Resources visit: www.Loopa.co.uk C HAPTER 1 A little about me Firstly thank you for purchasing this book for AQA Psychology Psya2 (Paper 2). A bit about me: My name is Sajan Devshi and I was a private student that self-taught myself AQA Psychology from 2011-2012 and I received my certificate in January 2013 Achieving an A* Grade. The certificate you can view on my website http://www.loopa.co.uk - You can also get my other A* model essay answers from there too for the other topics I did. I achieved an A* grade overall scoring two A’s in Psya1 and Psya2 as well as 100% in both my A2 exams (Psya3 and Psya4) My final score was 373/400 ums points. (You only needed 90% in A2 and 320 for an A* grade). So basically I didn’t just beat the boundary - I absolutely smashed it. How did I do it? It wasn’t easy and I am by no means some savant genius. I made great notes and essays that simplified things for me as I had no teachers and it is these notes I share with you now for Psya2 and the essay questions that can be asked for it. If your curious to know more about me you can visit my website at http://www.loopa.co.uk There it tells you more about me, how I self-taught myself as well as contact me directly for help and advice as well as get my other essay answers there instantly. Theres also great resources there too with more added on a weekly basis...
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...RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LYRICS AND MELODY IN POPULAR MUSIC Eric Nichols1, Dan Morris2, Sumit Basu2, and Christopher Raphael1 1 2 Indiana University Microsoft Research Bloomington, IN, USA Redmond, WA, USA {epnichol,craphael}@indiana.edu ABSTRACT Composers of popular music weave lyrics, melody, and instrumentation together to create a consistent and compelling emotional scene. The relationships among these elements are critical to musical communication, and understanding the statistics behind these relationships can contribute to numerous problems in music information retrieval and creativity support. In this paper, we present the results of an observational study on a large symbolic database of popular music; our results identify several patterns in the relationship between lyrics and melody. 1. INTRODUCTION Popular music uses several streams of information to create an emotionally engaging experience for the listener. Lyrics, melody, chords, dynamics, instrumentation, and other aspects of a song operate in tandem to produce a compelling musical percept. Extensive previous work has explored each of these elements in isolation, and certain relationships among these components – for example, the relationship between melody and chords – have also been addressed in the research community. However, despite their salience and central role in music cognition, lyrics have not been addressed by computational analysis to the same degree as other aspects of popular music. In this study, we...
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...COURSEWORK STRESS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: Investigating problem solving coping, wishful thinking coping, anxiety and depression as predictors of coursework stress. ANN-MARIE ROY Contact: aroy11@caledonian.ac.uk COURSEWORK STRESS STUDY ANN-MARIE ROY ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to investigate students’ perceived university coursework stress and whether the use of wishful thinking or problem-focused coping was related to anxiety and depression levels. The method of investigation was a four-part questionnaire. Participants were 81 Glasgow Caledonian University students. There were two hypotheses: 1) problem solving copers will score lower on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. 2) Those high in perceived coursework stress and who reveal wishful thinking strategies will have higher anxiety and depression scores. A multiple regression revealed partial support for both hypotheses – problem strategies had no relationship to coursework stress but wishful thinking and anxiety were both positive predictors of stress; however, contrary to hypothesis 2 depression revealed a strong negative association with stress. The conclusion from this study is that wishful thinkers are also more likely to be anxious; problem focused copers are not anxious, depressed or stressed; stressed students do not suffer from depression. The last finding is possibly because coursework stress is a transient stressor not severe enough to trigger depression. 2 COURSEWORK STRESS...
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...Eastern Samar State University Master of Arts in Educational Management Borongan City LEVEL OF STRESS AMONG THE GRADUATE STUDENTS ENROLLED IN MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT IN EASTERN SAMAR STATE UNIVERSITY-BORONGAN Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Course Requirements in Methods of Research for the Subject Advanced Statistics CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Stress is a normal physical response to events that make you feel threatened or upset your balance in some way. When you sense danger—whether it’s real or imagined—the body's defenses kick into high gear in a rapid, automatic process known as the “fight-or-flight-or-freeze” reaction, or the stress response. The stress response is the body’s way of protecting you. When working properly, it helps you stay focused, energetic, and alert. In emergency situations, stress can save your life—giving you extra strength to defend yourself, for example, or spurring you to slam on the brakes to avoid an accident. The stress response also helps you rise to meet challenges. Stress is what keeps you on your toes during a presentation at work, sharpens your concentration when you’re attempting the game-winning free throw, or drives you to study for an exam when you'd rather be watching TV. But beyond a certain point, stress stops being helpful and starts causing major damage to your health, your mood, your productivity, your relationships, and your quality of life. Statement of the Problem This study is intended...
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...How Work-Stress Effects the Employee Todd Smith BUS642: Business Research Methods & Tools Ruizhen Hardin October 15, 2012 Introduction It is almost inevitable to experience stress in the workplace, regardless of what organization or industry an individual works in. Through history, the presence of stress has always been a reality that once must face in the workforce. However, with the current state of economy stress in the workplace is a growing concern due to employees facing increased conditions of overwork, decreased levels of job satisfaction, harsh work environments, job insecurity, and lack of self-sufficiency. In many organizations, employees as well as management are not completely clear about what their roles are in the organization, which ultimately leads to increased levels of stress. There have also been research and studies conducted that indicates that even with high levels of stress in the workplace, it actually exerts better performance in employees. In addition these studies also indicate that stress is actually needed in the workplace to increase levels of performance. Considering the implications of these studies, it is important to explore a hypothesis on how causes of work stress has an effect on motivation and job performance. This hypothesis is crucial in confirming that stress in the workplace has more of a negative impact on employees. Contributes to much health related issues. General Causes of Stress ...
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...way that psychologists conceptualize stress, emphasizing that stress is a biopsycho-social process. You will explore the sources of stress in your own life, review your body’s response to stress, and then learn how cognitive appraisal dramatically affects how much stress you actually experience. Checking the Level of Stress in Your Life • What was your “Stress Test” score? ____39________ • Do you think that such a test accurately captures your experience? What other stressors should be included? I think it give you a general idea of the amount of stress your under, also adding something about your children should be included. Stress, Stressors, and Coping • Psychologists differentiate stressors, strain, and stress. What does each of these terms mean? A stressor is an externalsituation or event that triggers coping adjustments in a person. Stress is the process in which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors that we believe to be threatening or challenging, and coping is the cognitive, behavioural, and emotional ways that people handle stressful situations. The General Adaptation Syndrome • Describe Selye’s general adaptation syndrome. Selye argued that every organism has a state of internal balance called homeostasis. External stressors disturb this balance, producing an immediate general physiological aarousal. The organism adjusts to the stress in stages, first mobilizing its resources...
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...Organization : Bharath University, Chennai, India Phone* : +91 98401 38210 Paper Title* : Occupational Stress at Work Author Profile – Sangeetha Rajagurusamy Educational Qualification: M.Sc., M.Phil Experience: 12+ years – Teaching and Research in Hospitality and allied industries Current Responsibility: HOD, Hospitality and Tourism Dept, Bharath University ABSTRACT: This paper attempts to probe the contributors and management of stress among women in different levels of occupation. The seventeenth centaury has been called the age of enlightment, eighteenth, the age of reason, the nineteenth the age of progress and the twentieth, the age of stress and anxiety. According to a survey conducted it was found that, four out of ten employees state that their jobs are "very" or "extremely" stressful. Those in high-stress jobs are three times more likely than others to suffer from stress-related medical conditions and are twice as likely to quit. The study states that women, in particular, report more stress related to the conflict between work and family. INTRODUCTION: Occupational stress is stress involving work. Stress is defined in terms of its physical and physiological effects on a person, and can be a mental, physical or emotional strain. It can also be a tension or a situation or factor that can cause stress. Occupational stress can occur when there is a discrepancy between the demands of the environment/workplace and an individual’s ability...
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...Walking and Fitness Test Quiz - Unit 8 - Stress Management Started 7/9/13 8:15 PM Submitted 7/9/13 8:30 PM Status Completed Score 80 out of 100 points Time Elapsed 14 minutes out of 30 minutes. Instructions Question 1 10 out of 10 points Because each person perceives and reacts to stress differently, the best coping technique: Answer Selected Answer: 4. a and b Question 2 10 out of 10 points There are very few life experiences that may affect and have an impact on your physical and psychological well-being. Answer Selected Answer: 2. False Question 3 0 out of 10 points Proper time management skills can help to reduce risk to experiencing chronic stress, discouragement, fatigue, and illness. However, most American do not need these skills because life moves slowly and we, typically, have time to get everything done. Answer Selected Answer: 1. True Question 4 10 out of 10 points The behavior pattern of the highly stressed who do not seem to be at an increased risk for disease is which Type? Answer Selected Answer: 3. C Question 5 10 out of 10 points Conducting a daily/nightly account our day allows us to do what? Answer Selected Answer: 4. All of the above Question 6 0 out of 10 points Negative stress; unpleasant or harmful stress under which health and performance begin to deteriorate is: Answer Selected Answer: 4. neustress Question 7 10 out of 10 points Positive stress, which can be helpful, is referred to...
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... Clarke 2008 middle managers have the highest stress level simply because they are in the middle, which can cause a great deal of conflict. A survey conducted by the American Management Association indicated that 41% of middle management has more work than time. it add that middle managers must respond to sometimes conflicting demands from governmental agencies, union representatives, and the community, in addition to their supervisors and subordinates. They further found that middle managers under 30 years of age felt more stress than older managers because of confusion over lines of authority. Suzanne M. Crampton 2009 Stress is found in all aspects of life. Hans Selye, a pioneer in stress research, has defined stress as "the nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upon it" . It is considered to be an internal state or reaction to anything we consciously or unconsciously perceive as a threat, either real or imagined . Stress can evoke feelings of frustration, fear, conflict, pressure, hurt, anger, sadness, inadequacy, guilt, loneliness, or confusion . Individuals feel stressed when they are fired or lose a loved one (negative stress) as well as when they are promoted or go on a vacation (positive stress). While many individuals believe they must avoid stress to live longer, Freese argues that it is the salt and spice of life and that to have no stress we would have to be dead. Amit Gupta 2010 Job stress is a common problem across occupations and it impacts...
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...Income Drops: Fact Sheet 2 Control Stress You are experiencing tremendous changes in your life if you have lost your job, Adapted by Barbara R. Rowe and Denise Schroeder, Family Resource Management, Purdue University experienced a particularly bad year in your farm or business operation, or have gone through a divorce, a separation, or the death of a spouse. While such events differ in many respects, they may also have some important effects in common. First, crises like these are very stressful in their own right – they force us, against our wishes, to make rapid changes in our lives. Second, however irrationally, they can diminish our self-esteem. Finally, these personal crises often lead to a drop in income and security, and this introduces a host of secondary problems. Because of all these changes and the stress that can result, it is important to understand some causes, effects, and ways of handling stress to cope with difficult times. Severe and prolonged stress of the type associated with events causing loss of income can have a serious effect on a person’s physical and mental health. Stress-related exhaustion is believed to play a significant role in heart attacks, high blood pressure, cancer, and some kinds of arthritis, migraine headaches, peptic ulcers, asthma, allergies, and kidney and thyroid disease. Stress alone probably does not cause these disorders; rather, it is one factor in their onset and progression. In addition, stress contributes to many types of accidents...
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...paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. Student’s Signature: Instructor’s Grade on Assignment: Instructor’s Comments: Running Head: Work Stress and Conflict Work Place Elements of Conflict and Stress Submitted by: Managing Conflict and Change HRM 3100 December 01, 2008 Table of Contents Introduction () 4 Globalization () 7 Work-Life Balance ( 10 Coping with Downsizing and Restructuring 13 Work Conditions () 16 Summary () 20 References 22 Introduction Conflict and stress are an intricate part of everyone’s life. The level and domination of these two highly recognizable emotions vary throughout maturity and become greatly enhanced and more complex when one joins the workforce. Work-related stress is the response people may have when presented with work demands and pressures that are not matched to their knowledge and abilities. Work stress is recognized world-wide as a major challenge to workers’ health and the health of their organizations. Workers who are stressed are more likely to be unhealthy, poorly motivated, less productive, and less safe at work (Leka, Friffiths, & Cox, 2008). This paper is focused on the elements in today’s work environment that contribute to increased levels of conflict and stress. The level of...
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