...I wish I could say that this assignment were difficult for me, but I’m a Mother of 5 and a wife. Which I think we can all agree that being a wife actually means I’m a Mother of six. All kidding aside, I feel both of those factors represent several different kinds of stressors in my SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT. One that is of top priority to me is how my children act in public. By in public, I mean anywhere outside our home. It is of the utmost importance to me that in no way can anyone around me have a complaint about my children’s behavior. To accomplish this, it takes a lot of discipline and consistency whether I am at home, at a relative or a friend’s house or even out at a store. My children are very aware that no matter where we are, the rules don’t change. Even if it means that my husband and I miss out on certain things, such as going to the movies, if I don’t feel that it is something my children are ready to handle, then we don’t attend until they are at the appropriate social and mental age. The way I go about handling these things is by watching the world around me. If I don’t like how someone’s child acted while at my home, than that is something I will make sure my children never do at someone else’s house. When I see a child at the store throwing a tantrum, while I understand that children and parents have hard days, I still expect the parent to do something about it. Even if it means you have to leave your cart full of merchandise and bring the child to the car. Not only...
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...Stressors have a significant impact upon disposition, our feeling of prosperity, conduct, and wellbeing. Intense anxiety reactions in youthful, solid people may be versatile and regularly don't force a wellbeing load. Then again, if the risk is unremitting, especially in more established or unfortunate people, the long haul impacts of stressors can harm wellbeing. The relationship between psychosocial stressors and malady is influenced by the nature, number, and determination of the stressors and in addition by the individual's natural powerlessness (Example, hereditary qualities, protected components), psychosocial assets, and educated examples of adapting. Psychosocial intercessions have demonstrated helpful for treating anxiety...
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...Treatment Considerations for Some Populations Affected by PTSD Future Considerations Overview of Trauma & Stress Related Disorders Trauma- and stressor-related disorders include disorders in which exposure to a traumatic or stressful event is listed explicitly as a diagnostic criterion- DSM 5 Category includes: Reactive Attachment Disorder Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Acute Stress Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In PTSD, a traumatic event is thought to cause a pathological memory that is at the center of the characteristic clinical symptoms associated with the disorder. Clinical Description 1. Intrusion: Recurrent reexperiencing of the event through nightmares, intrusive images, and physiological reactivity 2. Avoidance of thoughts, feelings or reminders of the trauma 3. Negative Cognitions and Mood: Feelings of detachment, as well as negative emotional states such as shame or anger, or distorted blame of oneself or others 4. Arousal and Reactivity: Hypervigilance, excessive response when startled, aggression, and reckless behavior What is the difference between Adjustment Disorder and PTSD? In adjustment disorder, the stressor is something that is commonly experienced, and the nature of the psychological reaction is much less severe. In PTSD, there is exposure to a traumatic stressor that is accompanied by fear, helplessness, and horror, and the psychological distress is both severe and debilitating (Butcher et. al 2014)...
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...Anthony Moore Psych 303-01 Dr. Katilius-Boydstun May 1, 2007 Annotated Bibliography Stressors and Their Effects on Exploratory Behavior Good, Mark, and R. C. Honey. "Dissociable Effects of Selective Lesions to Hippocampal Subsystems on Exploratory Behavior, Contextual Learning, and Spatial Learning." Behavioral Neuroscience 111 (1997): 487-493. PsychARTICLES. EBSCO. Saint Xavier University, Chicago. 24 Apr. 2007. Keyword: Exploratory behavior. The aims of this test were to assess the effect of hippocampal lesions applied to rats on both exploratory behavior and contextual freezing, and to examine the idea that neural mechanisms are shared in contextual learning and spatial learning. There were three groups in the experiment: a control group (14 rats), a group that was given lesions of the hippocampus proper (10 rats), and one that received lesions of the entorhinal cortex (8 rats). For the first part of the experiment, the rats were placed in a chamber and were given half-second footshocks every 30 seconds after being observed for three minutes. For the second part, for the first six days, rats were placed in a water maze at a randomized position and swam to a hidden platform in the pool (this was a “training” period). For half of each of the groups, the platform was placed in the northwest quadrant of the pool, and for the other half it was placed in the southeast quadrant. On day seven, the platform was removed and the time each rat spent in each quadrant...
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...“Problems Encountered by Irregular Students on their Academic Subjects” Chapter 1 Introduction to the Study Students encounters many and different problems during their school years. These problems vary differently during their study years. It could be as simple as missing a homework or getting late in class. Or it could be as severe as getting dropped in a certain subject or worse failed the subject. Several of these problems occurs which results for a student to have an irregular status in school. Irregular students are those who have enrolled subjects that are different from regular students. They tend to have a different class schedule compared to regular students. This could mean that they have to cope-up with the time and classmates they would encounter in every class which could give more peer pressure for them. It is not easy for irregular students to have a very complicated class schedule just to enroll subjects they need and to be with different type of people in every class. For some students, it would be difficult to approach new faces in every class and it would be tiring to have a busy class schedule with hardly any vacant time in between class period. Irregular students often encounter many problems on their academic subjects. The quality of problem can be labeled as severe to a simple type of problem encountered. Failing grades or being dropped in a particular subject can be considered to be a severe problem academically by an irregular student....
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...Transcript: Client and Helper: H1: Hello my name is Tina and I’m interviewing you today for a class paper would you like to participate in my study? The Skill You Used: Open question Comments: I was trying to engage in getting the client into opening up and sharing while understanding that I am a student providing her counseling. C1: Sure, I have a lot going on in my life and could really use someone to talk to because I am not doing particularly well right now. Comments: Client seemed very relieved because she was really in the middle of her own crisis situation. H2: What is the most pertinent stressor in your life right now that is causing you to feel like you are going to break down and lose it, is it the hair pulling, or your living situation? The Skill I Used: Closed question Comments: I was trying to get to the point of her immediate crisis, so we could start talking about the issue she was struggling with most at this time. C2: She states she has a lot of stress in her life pertaining to her living situation and relationships amongst also having Trichotillomania and she felt like she was going to have a nervous breakdown because both her boyfriend and her twenty five year old daughter are using drugs and stealing from her while living with her, and they hated and blamed everything on each other and yell and scream at her all the time. Comments: Client immediately opened up to me about all her personal information; it was almost like she was a volcano...
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...The Hyppolite Family “The purpose of this paper is to apply the Family Systems Stressor-Strengths Inventory (FS3I) to a family and present an analysis of the finding.” For the purpose of this paper the family will been known as the Hyppolite Family. The family discussed in this paper is considered a traditional nuclear family living in a single family home. Included is a Father Andrew Hyppolite (AH) age 38, a mother Katharine (KH), age 36, and four children Zoë , Timothy, Sarah, and Scott, whose ages are 9, 7, 5,3. Andrew and Katherine have been married for 10 years. The mother is a stay a home mom who performs household duties and children activities. The husband Andrew works outside the home at an Accounting Firm. Both parents have a college education. The wife Katherine stopped working as a full time Registered Nurse after their second child was born to stay at home more often. She continues to works part-time at the local hospital. The father is considered the breadwinner of the family being the only one that works full-time the household. The children are 2 years apart and have a close bond due to the age difference. All the children are involved in school activities such as soccer, ballet/dance, football, and gymnastics. In general, the Hyppolite family is described as more focused as a family unit and family activities. The family eats together every night and on Sunday they have family game/movie night every week. Also they are involved in church events and attend...
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...STRESSORS AND STRESS LEVEL OF THIRD YEAR NURSING STUDENTS IN FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY IN THE YEAR 2008 In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirement for Nursing Research By: Agre, John Marco C. Angcao, Marice C. Angeles, Jessica Christy P. Arambulo, Allan Carlo L. Bandillo, Jemilyn V. Bañaga, Charlene May Y. Bañaga, Valerie Jane Y. Barbon, Lorraine Angelica Barquin, Jasmine C. Bartolome, Dexter C. Bautista, Erica Frances A. Burdeos, Adison C. Submitted to: Ms. Melanie Tapnio, Nursing Research Adviser BSN 905 2007-2008 Chapter I The Problem and its Background Introduction Stress has been experienced by people almost everyday. Stress can be associated with major life events, daily hassles and change in life. It has physical and emotional effects on us and can create positive or negative feelings. Stress can make a person anxious and depressed. It is the enemy of clear thinking and if allowed to get out of control, it can compromise a person’s health as well. Sometimes stress can keep people awake at night and make them feel irritable and edgy. Yet, their reactions to stressful events differ widely. Some people faced with a stressful event develop psychological or physical problems, whereas other people faced with the same stressful event develop no problems and may even find the event challenging and interesting. Nursing school is very stressful. Students experience...
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...GOFF, ANNE-MARIE, Ph.D. Stressors, Academic Performance, and Learned Resourcefulness in Baccalaureate Nursing Students. (2009) Directed by Dr. David F. Ayers. 135 pp. Despite extensive research establishing that stress affects problem-solving ability and coping, and leads to decreased learning, academic performance, and retention in nursing students, a paucity of research explores specific factors that could enhance these learning processes and outcomes. This explanatory correlational study examines the mediating effect of learned resourcefulness, the ability to regulate emotions and cognitions, on the relationships of stressors—both personal and academic—to academic performance in baccalaureate nursing students. Gadzella’s Student-life Stress Inventory (SSI) and Rosenbaum’s Self-Control Scale (SCS), a measure of learned resourcefulness, were administered to 53 junior level baccalaureate nursing students (92.5% female; 84.9% Caucasian; 9.4% African-American or Black) at a large urban university in North Carolina. High levels of both personal and academic stressors were revealed, but were not significant predictors of academic performance (p = .90). Age was a significant predictor of academic performance (p < .01) and both males and African-American/ Black participants had higher learned resourcefulness scores on the SCS than females and Caucasians. Total stress scores on the Student-life Stress Inventory showed that male participants perceived less stress (N = 4, M = 116.5)...
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...pitch at an important business meeting, for example. Moreover, stress can increase the risk of developing health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and anxiety disorders. This bad kind of stress is called distress, the kind of stress that people usually are referring to when they use the word stress. A convenient way to think about stress is in terms of stressors and stress responses. Stressors are events that threaten or challenge people. They are the sources of stress, such as having to make decisions, getting married, and natural disasters. Stress responses are psychological, physiological, and behavioral reactions to stressors. Anxiety, depression, concentration difficulties, and muscle tension are all examples of stress responses. The connection between stressors and stress responses, however, is not as straight forward as it may seem. Mediating processes, for instance, stand in between stressors and stress responses. Whether stressors lead to stress responses depends on mediating processes like how people appraise potential stressors and how well people are able to cope with the negative impact of stressors. Furthermore, a number of moderating factors, such as personality traits and health habits, influence the the...
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...Than Others? A. Perception and Appraisal of Stress 1. The transactional theory of stress describes how stressors are appraised. When people first encounter stressors, primary appraisal, or the evaluation of the significance and meaning of those stressors, is triggered a. Job demands that are not considered stressful are called benign job demands B. Types of Stressors 1. Work Hindrance Stressors – work-related stressors that people perceive as hindering their progress toward goals a. Role conflict – conflicting expectations that other people have of us b. Role ambiguity – lack of information regarding what needs to be done in a role c. Role overload – when the number of roles a person holds is so high that some of the roles are performed less effectively, or not at all d. Daily hassles – relatively minor day-to-day demands that get in the way of accomplishing what we want to do 2. Work Challenge Stressors – work-related stressors that can lead toward development and growth a. Time pressure – the sense that you don’t have enough time to do what needs to be done b. Work complexity – the degree to which the requirements of the work tax or exceed the capabilities of the person doing the work c. Work responsibility – the nature of the obligations a person has to others 3. Non-Work Hindrance Stressors – non-work-related stressors that hinder progress toward goals a. Work-family conflict – when the demands of the family role hinder the demands...
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...a common set of symptoms no matter what was actually wrong with them. Seyle experimentally (and unethically) exposed rats to various stressors such as cold, injury, spinal cord severing, excessive exercise or intoxication and again noticed this “generalised response”. No matter what stressor the rats were exposed to, they always produced a similar response. Seyle suggested that there was one internal mechanism in animals for dealing with stress, regardless of the stressor. He termed this internal mechanism the “General Adaption Syndrome” or GAS. Theory- When a stressor appears the body will enter the “alarm stage” where the body detects the stressor (which could be anything like work deadlines, weather, distractions, etc.) through the HPA axis and it prepares the body for fight or flight. This occurs when the hypothalamus has detected the stressor and activates the pituitary gland. This releases a hormone called ACTH which then stimulates the adrenal glands which produce the hormone adrenaline. This then stimulates the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) which stimulates the Sympathetic Nervous System which causes the body to go into “fight or flight”. If the stressor disappears at this point the body will return to normal but if the stressor doesn’t disappear the body goes into the “resistance stage” where the body tries to adapt to the stressor and help the body function as normal. At this point the resources in the body are becoming depleted and so the adrenal glands stop producing...
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...marathon, for example. This good kind of stress is called eustress. Unfortunately, stress is often not helpful and can even be harmful when not managed effectively. Stress could make a salesperson buckle under the pressure while trying to make a sales pitch at an important business meeting, for example. Moreover, stress can increase the risk of developing health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and anxiety disorders. This bad kind of stress is called distress, the kind of stress that people usually are referring to when they use the word stress. A convenient way to think about stress is in terms of stressors and stress responses. Stressors are events that threaten or challenge people. They are the sources of stress, such as having to make decisions, getting married and natural disasters. Stress responses are psychological, physiological, and behavioral reactions to stressors. Anxiety,...
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...Individual stressors vary depending on the demand and pressures of a recent exposure to a stressful event or anticipation of future events. American Psychological Association defines three different types of stress an individual may experience, which are acute stress, episodic acute stress, and chronic stress. My seven-day stress journal relates to the acute stress symptoms. Acute stress symptoms include the following listed, but not limited to: emotional distress, muscular problems, headaches, stomach, gut and bowel problems, sweaty palms, dizziness, and high blood pressure. The stress journal assignment was to be completed consecutively in a seven-day period. I carefully recorded any stressors or hassles experienced throughout the day. I observed physical, cognitive, and emotional responses to the stressors and briefly wrote about my coping mechanisms. I also recorded the time of the first stressor and how long the stress responses continued after the stressors ended. My stress journal is an insight on how inadequately I deal with stressors. Throughout...
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...This essay will define stress and stressors. It will also explain the how stress can affect an individuals and outline and evaluate the at least two models of stress. It will explore how stress can be measured and outline and evaluate two models of stress and stressors. Stress is a pressure or force exerted on an object according to engineers and physicians (Gross r,Mcilveen r and Cooligan2000). Lazarus and folkman (1984) define stress as “a pattern of negative physiological states and psychological response occurring in a situation where people perceive threats to their well-being which they may be unable to meet” (Grossr,Mcilveen r and Cooligan 2000). There are different views of stress. Stress as a “stimulus” which means it is applied to the person or stressor and it is in the environment. This relates to the engineering model of stress identified by Cox (1978)(blackboard).secondly stress is seen as a “response”, the body identifies stress as a reaction made within the body(Blackboard).Selye 1956 defines stress as “the non-specific response of the body to any demands made upon it” this relates to the physiological model of stress(Blackboard). Finally stress is viewed as an interaction, in this view stress is seen as a transaction between environment and the individual and this relates to the “transactional model of stress” (Blackboard). The ability to cope with stress and the meaning people give to stressors will define the stress experienced (Blackboard).How people react...
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