...Work Sample THE VISION Successful teacher candidates support learning by designing a Teacher Work Sample that employs a range of strategies and builds on each student’s strengths, needs, and prior experiences. Through this performance assessment, teacher candidates provide credible evidence of their ability to facilitate learning by meeting the following standards: • The teacher uses information about the learning/teaching context and student individual differences to set learning goals and objectives, plan instruction, and assess learning. • The teacher sets significant, challenging, varied, and appropriate learning goals and objectives. • The teacher uses multiple assessment modes and approaches aligned with learning goals and objectives to assess student learning before, during, and after instruction. • The teacher designs instruction for specific learning goals and objectives, student characteristics and needs, and learning contexts. • The teacher uses on-going analysis of student learning to make instructional decisions. • The teacher uses assessment data to profile student learning and communicate information about student progress and achievement. • The teacher analyzes the relationship between his or her instruction and student learning in order to improve teaching practice. Your Assignment You are required to teach a comprehensive unit. Your instructional goals and objectives should be based on your state or district content standards....
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...process of assessing student learning. Why is assessment of student learning important? In effect there are two reasons assessment of student learning is important. Assessment is needed for improvement. Improvement, with its internal focus provides • opportunities for the academic community to engage in self-reflection of its learning goals, to determine the degree to which these goals correspond to student and societal needs, and to evaluate if students’ activities, products, or performances coincide with the academic community’s expectations; • offers information to students about the knowledge, skills, and other attributes they can expect to possess after successfully completing coursework and academic programs. • establishes ways for academic units to understand the dimensions of student learning when seeking to improve student achievement and the educational process. Assessment is needed for accountability. Accountability, with its external focus, provides Step One: Identify Goals A goal is a statement expressing what ideals are to be achieved. Goal statements tend to be broadly philosophical, global, timeless and not readily amenable to measurement. They capture the knowledge, skills, and values that students should acquire in a program by a course. This first step in identifying goals requires faculty and others to reflect on questions such as the following: • what is the mission of this unit that guides and encapsulates the essence of learning - the knowledge...
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...the lesson’s learning objectives supports student learning and positive behavior. Tommy was a second-year teacher at an urban school teaching seventh grade geography. He was concerned with his ‘worst behaved’ class period that was receiving special education services for learning disabilities and emotional behavior disorders. Tommy first started stating the objective prior to beginning. He connects the learning object to the lesson by stating exactly what they are going to do and how it applies to the learning objective. Tommy’s major mistake was reminding the students what they’re doing and how it connects to the learning objective. When questioning the students about the objective, the students did not understand the correlation between the lesson and the learning objective. To control the behavior of the class, the...
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...It is a guideline for teachers learn pedagogical concepts in students’ education. It is also a conceptual methodological tool that helps teachers in making a lesson plan on a desire topic so that they can implement the lesson plan and assess its results. An objective is very important part of the lesson plan due that it describe the purposes and aims of the learning outcomes. Learning outcomes outline the significant learning results that the students are expected to achieve and demonstrate at the end of the class. In this process students can identify the skills and knowledge they have learned after the subject is taken place. The ABCD method is also a big part in creating a lesson plan that helps in writing instructional objectives that could integrate Bloom’s taxonomy of learning theory and two dimensional frame works. These methods are essential tools in guiding the teacher in preparing and implementing his or her lesson plan properly and orderly. Key words: instructional objectives, learning theory, learning outcomes The ABCD method of writing objective is widely uses in every structure instructional objectives. The ABCD methods can be used in Grade 7 Math class with multicultural classroom. In today’s classroom population are increasingly diverse. With these type of population teachers should and must strive to meet the standards set by government and school district in reaching these students to learn. As these dynamic classrooms continue to change mathematics...
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...Instructional and Expressive Educational Objectives When it comes to curriculum issues and planning, educational objectives are a central theme; but perspectives vary on how they should be formulated. This paper seeks to examine the concept of “educational objectives”; to distinguish between two types of objectives- “instructional” and “expressive”; and to justify the use of both types of educational objectives in curriculum development, from both a theoretical and practical perspective. The formulation and use of instructional and expressive objectives have implications for the selection of learning activities and evaluation; and identifying the aims and objectives of a course of study is very important to determining how they are used in curriculum development. Many theorists have sought to clarify, classify and specify the manner in which objectives should be formulated and the characteristics they should have once developed, (Eisner, 2005). Educational objectives are based on individual values, and therefore what may seem important to some educators may not be seen as important to others (Eisner, 2005); however, it is a conclusive fact that educational objectives are important for curriculum development. Tyler (2010) states that by outlining educational objectives, “the curriculum-maker has the most useful set of criteria for selecting content, for suggesting learning activities, [and] for deciding on the kind of teaching procedures to follow” (p. 62). Gagne reiterates...
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...South Carolina Math Kindergarten Standard K-4 The student will demonstrate through the mathematical processes an emerging sense of two- and three- dimensional geometric shapes and relative positions in space (Standards, 2012). Instructional Goal 1 Identify two-dimensional shapes and three-dimensional shapes. Learning Objective 1: Students will take and identify foam two-dimensional shapes square, circle, triangle, and rectangle from a mystery bag with 80% accuracy. Justification: The mystery bag is used to cover the foam shapes from view. Students will need to use their sense of touch and their knowledge of the properties of the solids to identify them. Students are able to explore different orientations, sizes, and types to recognize that each shape has distinguishable characteristics. Learning Objective 2: Students will identify and record on paper three-dimensional shapes cube, sphere, and cylinder using real-world examples of the solids with 80% accuracy. Justification: Students explore these shapes using concrete models, pictures, and real world examples to generalize connections among mathematics, the environment, and other subjects. Learning Objective 3: Students will identify two out of three attributes (color, sides, size) from two-dimensional shapes square, circle, triangle, and rectangle. Justification: Students will use memorization and recognition skills to tackle these mathematical ideas. As students identify shapes and their attributes, they discuss...
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...articulating the learning objectives is directly related to achieving the desired learning outcomes. Additionally, learning objectives can be derived from a knowledge/skill gap identified in a front-end needs analysis. Consequently, the goal of creating learning objectives is to provide a means of clarifying the purpose of instruction to ensure the training/education is successful and the objectives are achieved. Clearly identifying learning objectives improves the communication between the instructor and the learner for a given course/learning module so the student knows precisely what is expected of him/her. When the objectives of a course have been clearly identified and presented in an orderly progression, the desired learning outcomes will be attained. They may also assist in the choice of the instructional delivery method(s) and instructional strategies when designing a learning activity, as well as establishing criteria for student performance when assessing student learning outcomes (Dick, Carey, & Carey, 2005). “When clearly defined objectives are lacking, there is no sound basis for the selection or designing of instructional materials, instructional strategies, or assessments” (Mager,1999) . “A properly written objective tells you what specific knowledge, skill, or attitude is desired and what method of instruction and criteria for learner achievement are required” (Lohr, n.d., pp 7). A learning objective (also referred to as instructional objective or performance...
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...children capable of becoming active, responsible, productive, and caring members of society. Hence for responsibility of the school and teachers became more important in formal form of education, with the changing needs of the time, we need to change the pattern of instructional strategies so that educational aim can be achieved. With continuous and comprehensive evaluation we must adopt modified entities of cognitive domains known as revised version of Bloom’s Taxonomy developed by Dr. Lorin Anderson, 1999, a former student of Bloom's, and his colleagues. The updated version of Bloom’s Taxonomy with respect to cognitive domain under scholastic aspect in formal education system can be used for the purpose of 21st century formal classroom for teaching-learning as they are from simplest to most complex objectives: remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. Keywords: Lesson Planning, Content analysis, Learning Objectives, Student Learning Outcomes, Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) 1. INTRODUCTION: With development of different educational theories and approaches like Behaviorism[John B.Watson; Skinner; Ivan Pavlov and others], Cognitivism [ jerome bruner ;Vygotsky; Jean Piaget and others], Constructivist [Vygotsky; Jean Piaget and others], Neuroeducation...
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...I. INTRODUCTION The role of curriculum in educating the students is a dynamic process that seeks to cope with the changes in our society. Understanding the traditional and emerging concepts of curriculum as well as the factors that affect its development will guide the educators to respond to the needs of the learners. In planning, constructing and evaluating a curriculum, educators and curriculum practitioners may use one or more approaches. The contrasting approaches that are generally used in curriculum development are Technical/Scientific Approach and Non-technical/Non-scientific Approach. In scrutinizing these approaches, the advantages and disadvantages are revealed and the differences they generate in creating a curriculum. According to Bago (2008), information about personal and collective commitments to a particular viewpoint and the values considered important by individuals, school, and society are exposed when examining an approach. Curriculum can also be designed based on a particular context. It solely depends upon the elements namely: contemplation of aims, projected learning outcomes, syllabus, learning and teaching methods, and assessment. There are three common patterns to design a curriculum: through subject – centered, experience – centered, and problem – centered. These are incorporated into the curriculum by looking into its possible effects to the certain elements mentioned above. A design that addresses to the conceptual framework of science education...
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...to each other, interplay and interdependence, so that the whole is an integrated unit or a totality, and has a specific role or purpose.” The following are the definitions of system according to some experts: 1. Stoa System is a combination of heaven and earth who work together, so that we can see that system consist of elements that work together to form a whole and if one element is missing or not working, then the overall combination cannot be called as a system. 2. Buckley System is a whole that functions as a whole by virtue of interdependence of its parts. 3. H. Kerzner System is a group of components consisting of humans and or non-human who organized and arranged so that the components can act as a unity in achieving its objectives, common goals or outcomes. This meaning implies the importance of aspects arrangement and organizing the components of a system to reach the common goal, because if there is no proper coordination and synchronization, then the activities of each component, sub–system, or areas in an organization will be less support each other. Furthermore, understanding of system is in fact also used to show a lot of things like: a system that is used to indicate a set and the set of objects that are merged or combined by a mutual connection form or interdependence in regularly; a set of parts that combined naturally or by human resources to become an integrated unity. In general, within the scope of the understanding of system...
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...Philosophy of Adult Education Course Objectives Burns, R. 2002, The adult learner at work the challenges of lifelong education in the new millennium, 2nd edition. Crows Nest, New South Wales. Allen & Unwin. 1. p. 229 (Additive - Objective # 2) These goals are possible only where individuality is an asset, where belonging and acceptance are supreme, where there are opportunities to explore and gain self-understanding, where there is trust, dignity and security and where self-confidence, self-reliance, originality, responsibility and independence are encouraged. It is only in this sort of learning that a person is open to experience and therefore capable of maximal utilisation of their potentialities and environmental opportunities for self-development, learning how to learn and developing the curiosity, enjoyment and intrinsic satisfaction from learning that will draw them back again and again to lifelong learning. 2. p. 231 (Variant - Objective # 2) The learner has to adjust themselves to an established curriculum and teaching method. As self-direction and self-responsibility are not encouraged, the growing maturity of young people creates a gap between the need and ability to be self-directing and the opportunity to do so. Hence the tension, resentment and even rebellion that is common in secondary schools today. The child's experience is not counted of worth. Learners only learn what is in the syllabus or what they must pass. Learning experiences are organised round...
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...children capable of becoming active, responsible, productive, and caring members of society. Hence for responsibility of the school and teachers became more important in formal form of education, with the changing needs of the time, we need to change the pattern of instructional strategies so that educational aim can be achieved. With continuous and comprehensive evaluation we must adopt modified entities of cognitive domains known as revised version of Bloom’s Taxonomy developed by Dr. Lorin Anderson, 1999, a former student of Bloom's, and his colleagues. The updated version of Bloom’s Taxonomy with respect to cognitive domain under scholastic aspect in formal education system can be used for the purpose of 21st century formal classroom for teaching-learning as they are from simplest to most complex objectives: remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. Keywords: Lesson Planning, Content analysis, Learning Objectives, Student Learning Outcomes, Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) 1. INTRODUCTION: With development of different educational theories and approaches like Behaviorism[John B.Watson; Skinner; Ivan Pavlov and others], Cognitivism [ jerome bruner ;Vygotsky; Jean Piaget and others], Constructivist [Vygotsky; Jean Piaget and others], Neuroeducation [Johns Hopkins...
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...all upper and lower case letters. To allow the students to learn the alphabet, this lesson will be broken up into two sections. For this week long lesson the class will focus on the first fifteen letters of the alphabet (A-O). The K-8 grade specific standards define expectations that should be met at the end of the year as well as the cumulative progression designed that will enable students to meet the expectations for the next school year (Duschl et al, 2008). Measurable learning objectives During this weeklong assignment, the student's in the first grade will have three measurable learning objectives. The first...
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...are powerful conceptual tools to help students to make sense of the complexity, diversity, and inter-connectedness of life on Earth. Students will learn that order in natural systems arises in accordance with rules that govern the physical world, and the order of natural systems can be modeled and predicted through the use of mathematics (NJ Curriculum Standards, 2013). Instructional Goal #1: Organization and Development: Living organisms are composed of cellular units (structures) that carry out functions required for life. Cellular units are composed of molecules, which also carry out biological functions (NJ Curriculum Standards, 2013). Learning Objective #1: On an in-class worksheet, students will develop and use evidence-based criteria to determine if an unfamiliar object is living or nonliving. Students must answer 80% of the examples correctly. This will demonstrate that students know what characteristics are needed to support a living organism. Learning Objective #2: Through a unit test, students will be able to compare and contrast structures that have similar functions in various organisms, and explain how those functions may be carried out by structures that have different physical appearances with 75% accuracy. This will demonstrate that students understand the purpose of specific functions in organisms, as well as how to identify similar organisms that may not look alike. Learning Objective #3: Given a diagram, students will be able to describe the interactions...
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...Education. Part A For any learning curriculum to be efficient there is a need for proper execution of set goals and objectives. These objectives act as a guidelines and basis for the institution, the teachers, and the learners. Objectives articulate the supposed learning programs and the proposed outcome of the learning process this can be defined by the knowledge or the skills obtain during the course. Hence, instruction objectives put emphasis on the impact of the learning process to the kindergarten student, hence concentrating on the outcome of the learning process other than then learning process its self. It is undeniable there are many objectives that can be used for instructions, but I will majorly focus on the objectives that I find the most suitable in the formation of instructions. The main objectives that I believe that are most applicable to kindergarten pupils are creative curriculum, high scope and implementation of the tool of the mind. The high scope approach in kindergarten institutions is primarily a group of set practices and principles that should get observed by both the parents and the teachers. These laws act as a framework in the active learning process in any learning institution. The second objective of an education organization is achieving a creative curriculum. An innovative curriculum has a tendency of guiding and balancing the child and teachers in the learning process. It involves the initiation of the student in the learning activity by making it...
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