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Module 5 Case Study
BHE 314: Environmental Health and Safety

Write a 2-3 page paper in which you respond to the following two questions:
Noise Control
Question 1: You have been notified that before City Council is a case to approve a new nightclub in your neighborhood. The owners of the proposed nightclub have operated several other clubs in your city. However, they have a reputation for being insensitive to residents who live nearby in the community. You are to respond to the following: * Discuss the public health effects that may result in a community exposed to noise produced by a nightclub. * Describe the restrictions you would recommend to the city for the new nightclub to meet before granting an approval.
Please be sure to support your position with evidence from the literature.
Radon
Question 2: Exposure to radon gas may cause health hazards. You have friends who are about to purchase a new home in an area where it is perceived that radon gas levels may be high. Please respond to the following: 1. Describe the type of radiation that is emitted by radon gas and how it poses a health risk. 2. Identify potential human health risks associated with living in a home where radon gas levels may be high 3. Describe corrective/remediation measures that can be taken to reduce radon levels in a home.
Please be sure to support your position with evidence from the literature.
Assignment Expectations
Use information from the modular background readings as well as any good quality resource you can find.
LENGTH: 2-3 pages typed and double-spaced, in addition to a cover page.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Precision: Each of the questions of the assignment is specifically addressed in the paper. The paper discusses the public health effects that may result in a community exposed to noise produced by a nightclub. The paper describes the restrictions you would recommend the city requires the new nightclub to meet before granting an approval. The paper describes the type of radiation that is emitted by radon gas and how it poses a health risk. The paper identifies potential human health risks associated with living in a home where radon gas levels may be high, and it describes corrective/remediation measures that can be taken to reduce radon levels in a home.
Clarity: The paper reads clearly. It is well structured and grammatically correct.
Breadth: The paper presents appropriate breadth covering the questions of the assignment. Depth: The paper thoroughly describes the tasks of the assignment. Community noise health effects are well described. The paper described control methods that may be used by the nightclub to reduce noise levels in the community. The type of radiation emitted by radon gas is described. Radon health effects and control methods in a home are well described.
Critical Thinking: The paper integrates your understanding of community noise control to protecting a community from a potential nuisance nightclub. The paper also integrates your knowledge of radon and its health effects to a situation where radon levels need to be reduced to minimize health consequences.
References: At least, two in-text citations are provided as well as a reference list is provided at the end of your paper (APA formatting is not required but is highly recommended).

Question 1:
In a community where nightclubs and residents have to cohabitate can create problems for them both. While there are no real health effects from noise exposure that would be produced by a nightclub in a community, however there could possibly be a significant amount of annoyance to the residents. Interrupting them from conducting their normal daily activities like: sleeping, communicating, reading, working, and listening to the radio/TV (Noise Guide for Local Government).
To help mitigate these noise disturbances to the community I would recommend that the Liquor Administration Board (LAB) impose additional conditions on the licensee before they are allowed to open. First they should prohibit the use of amplified entertainment if the building doesn’t meet acoustical sound requirements to reduce the amount of sound that leaves the premises. Have a well trained security to prevent the congregation of people after the club closes and finally the LAB noise condition that states that “the noise from the licensed premises shall not be audible within any habitable room in any residential premises between the hours of 12:00 midnight and 07:00 am, should be extended from 10:00 pm and 07:00 am (Noise Guide for Local Government).
Question 2:
Radon is a form of ionizing radiation and a proven carcinogen. It is an odorless, tasteless and invisible gas that is produced by the decay of naturally occurring uranium in the soil and water. The only known health effect from exposure to radon gas is lung cancer. According to the EPA they estimate that 20,000 lung cancer deaths each year in the U.S are radon-related. Making it one of the leading causes of lung cancer, second only to smoking. The risk of developing lung cancer from exposure to radon increases dramatically for a person who smokes. 62 out of 1000 people exposed that smoke will develop cancer, compared to 7.2 of nonsmokers (Why is radon the public health risk that it is?). Radon gas is found inside and outside. The exposure levels are considerably higher inside our homes, especially in rooms that are below grade, rooms that are in contact with the ground and ones directly above them. The national average concentration of radon in homes is 1.3 pCi/L (picocuries per liter), compared to .4 pCi/L outside. The EPA recommends that homes should be fixed their home s if the levels 4pCi/L and if they are between 2 and 4pCi/L (Why is radon the public health risk that it is?). Before a home can be fixed it first must be tested. This can be done fairly easy. You can hire a radon service professional, purchase a tester from a local, and some states offer discounted test kits. After it has been verified that you have high levels of radon in your home it is recommended that a certified or qualified radon mitigation contractor be hired to fix your home, while some states require radon professionals to be licensed, certified, or registered before they can install a mitigation system. After selecting a contractor they should determine the level of concentration, the foundation type, home size, system needed and cost of installation (Consumer's Guide to Radon Reduction). A contractor can take one of two approaches. They can prevent radon from entering the home or reduce the levels after it enters the home. It is mainly recommend to prevent the radon from entering the home. This can be done by venting the radon from below the home and vent it through pipes, to the air above the home. They can also seal all cracks in the foundations, install a heat recovery ventilator and allow some natural ventilation by opening windows. With the appropriate mediation 99 percent of the radon can be removed from your home (Consumer's Guide to Radon Reduction).

References: 1. Noise Guide for Local Government. Retrieved from the web on 10/21/2012 at http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/noise/0730noiseguideforlgpart1.pdf 2. Why is radon the public health risk that it is? United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved from the web on 10/21/2012 at http://www.epa.gov/radon/aboutus.html 3. Where Can I Get a Radon Test Kit? Retrieved from the web on 10/21/2012 athttp://www.epa.gov/radon/radontest.html 4. Consumer's Guide to Radon Reduction, How to fix your home. Retrieved from the web on 10/21/2012 at http://www.epa.gov/radon/pubs/consguid.html

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