...MARKING GUIDE TOPIC: NURS 3005/NURS3005A Child and Family Health Stream ASSESSMENT 2: Essay – Exploring a Child and Family health Issue: Topic 1 2 3 Performance standard Assessment criteria Good Satisfactory Evidence of core work, at a high level through: Evidence of core work of the assignment through: - current literature and/or policy documents related to the topic & statement - current literature and/or policy documents related to the topic & statement - current literature and/or policy documents related to the topic & statement - the significance of lifespan development.. - the significance of lifespan development. - the significance of lifespan development. - current literature and/or policy documents related to the topic & statement Limited rationale -incorporating the elements/principles of family-centred care. -incorporating the elements/principles of family-centred care. -addressing support services or health promotion information. 65% Excellent Evidence of core work, at an advanced level through: Written content Weighting -addressing support services or health promotion information. -incorporating the elements/principles of family-centred care. - the significance of lifespan development. Not addressed -addressing support services or health promotion information. -incorporating the elements/principles of family-centred care. Not addressed ...
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...Research Critique, Part 1 Problem Statement Identify the clinical problem and research problem that led to the study. The clinical problem being examined in the research study are the three main factors that influenced mother’s decision to formula feed their babies in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada. Breastfeeding has numerous health benefits However, in practice, many women choose not to breastfeed instead replace their breast milk with infant formula milk. In 2010, in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada breastfeeding had dropped to 64.0%( Canada Statistics). While health risks raises in babies with formula feeding, a significant percentage of mothers are reluctant to change their infant feeding behaviors and decided to continue with formula-feed. In some regions of the province, the rate of breastfeeding is very low due to mother resistance and commitment to infant feeding method. Despite increased breastfeeding promotion and support initiatives, mothers still prefer formula feeding over breastfeeding. There is not sufficient proof that mothers’ decisions to formula-feed due to personal factors. What was not known about the clinical problem that, if understood, could be used to improve health care delivery or patient outcomes? The study indicates that women decision to formula-feed their infants due to a lack of support from their mothers, and partners. In addition, decision to formula-feed also influenced by convenience and...
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...Thesis: Research suggests that co-sleeping benefits infants because it decreases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, increases the amount of time breastfeeding, and helps stabilize the child’s physiology. Annotated Bibliography: Source #1 Goldberg, W. A., & Keller, M. A. (2007). Co-sleeping during infancy and early childhood: key findings and future directions. Infant & Child Development, 16(4), 457-469. doi:10.1002/icd.522 This article describes the benefits of co-sleeping by pointing out that night waking’s declined in frequency and duration. It also points out that most children who co-sleep do not need a security object to go to sleep. Another point this article discusses is the benefits co-sleeping have on breastfeeding ease. The article also defines the many terms used when discussing co-sleeping and bed sharing. Wendy A. Goldberg is a professor of psychology and social behavior at the University of Michigan. This article will be helpful in my research because it discusses how co-sleeping benefits and increases the length of breastfeeding. Source #2 McKenna, J. J., & Volpe, L. E. (2007). Sleeping with baby: an internet-based sampling of parental experiences, choices, perceptions, and interpretations in a western industrialized context. Infant & Child Development, 16(4), 359-385. doi:10.1002/icd.525 This article describes how co-sleeping affects the maturation of the central nervous system. It states that co-sleeping creates...
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...Abstract The specific aim of this paper is to identify the effect of swaddled infants in the management of symptoms during painful procedures. A broad research for five scholarly articles began with an on-line search of State College of Florida’s library, where links to Cochrane, Ebsco, Google Scholar and PubMed were accessed. A Boolean search began with infants, swaddling and pain, with filters that included full-text, in English, free articles, and articles less than five years. Key words included swaddling, infant pain, heel sticks, painful procedures, neonates, facilitated tucking and infant care during painful procedures. Many of the articles required a fee to access the article. Continual searches on Google Scholar finally obtained five scholarly articles. The ancestral search proved the most fruitful in obtaining five strong sources of research, each rated at an evidence level of one. Overall, the studies used in this paper supported the theory and PICO question that swaddling infants during painful procedures manages symptoms and even decreases infants’ pain. Even more favorable is that swaddling (for infants less than three months of age) is recommended for clinical practice as a cost-effective, non-pharmacological, non-invasive, evidence-based method that is easy to teach and implement and offers comfort to tiny infants! Introduction Swaddling, also known as infant-wrapping, binding, bundling or facilitated tucking, is a customary newborn technique that is utilized...
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...Analysis Paper on the Barriers to Breastfeeding in the Media HEA-305 Women’s Health Breastfeeding is regarded as one of the most rewarding activities mothers partake in when caring for their children. The cells, hormones and antibodies in breast milk provide babies with unique protection against various illnesses (“Women’s Health”, 2014). Studies have shown that breast feeding reduces the risk of ear infections, gastroenteritis, severe respiratory tract infections, eczema, asthma, obesity, diabetes, childhood leukemia and sudden infant death syndrome (Northrup, 2014). With all of the great benefits breast feeding affords, it is unfortunate that breast feeding is no longer regarded as a natural process between a mother and child but as an obscene act that has become inferior to bottle feeding. The absence of the media’s acceptance of breast feeding, has led to a shift in our culture which is now influenced by the over flooding of products and advertisements promoting bottle feeding as the best way to feed a child. A product that supports the shift to a bottle fed culture that I chose to analyze was the Bottle Holder accessory by BabyGiraffe which is pictured below: The bottle holder accessory which was featured on lilsugar.com, a popular blog for mothers was regarded as a “third arm” for busy moms that have other younger children (“5 Products Designed”, 2014). The intended audience for this product includes busy mothers who commute frequently (the ad includes a car seat)...
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... I began co-sleeping with each of them at birth. It made life much easier during the infant phase of their lives. But that phase has been long gone. I believe that I was able to bond even more with my children through co sleeping. But now I find myself too often tired and unable to concentrate on tasks. While parents who co sleep feel closer to their children, co sleeping is a common issue for parents. Co sleeping has become one of the most common hot topics amongst parents. Ninety percent of the world’s population practice co sleeping (Netherwood, 2006). ‘‘Some parents will tell you that co sleeping can be a cozy, manageable comfort for a family’’ (Redbook, Oct2010). Whether it is a newborn or toddler, more parents are sharing beds with their children. ‘‘Research shows that eighty percent of babies share their parents’ bed at some time in the first 6 months of life’’ (Australian Parents, Dec2006/Jan2007). Co sleeping with school aged children is more common also. It is estimated that about fifteen percent of families have children ages 5 and up that share their bed for part or all of the night (Redbook, Oct2010). One of the most important reasons co sleeping is a common issue for parents are safety concerns. As I mentioned earlier, I have had a few busted lips and bruised body parts. But more importantly, the connection between co sleeping and SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) continue to be a major argument for those against co sleeping (Australian Parents, 2006)...
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...leading cause of death in infants 1-12 months of age. * 2,226 infants died from SIDS in the US in 2009. * An UNSAFE sleep environment contributed to 87% of SIDS deaths. * Tummy sleeping in a soft bed increases incidence of SIDS 21% Sudden Infant Death Syndrome More than just Back to Sleep Education & Resources * Arizona Dept Health Services Bureau of Women and Children 150 N. 18th Avenue Suite 320 Phoenix, AZ 85007 602-542-1875 * Phoenix Children’s Hospital 2401 E. Thomas Road Phoenix Arizona 85014 602-933-1000 * National Institute of Health HICHD/BTS – SIDS Kit 31 Center Drive Rm. 2A32 Bethesda MD 20892-2425 1-800-505-CRIB * On the Web: SIDS Resources www.sidsresources.org * * Laurie Bell CJ Foundation for SIDS (2012). Risk Factors. Retrieved from: http://www.cjsids.org/resource-center/risk-reduction-strategy.html Hunt, C. & Hauck, F. (2006) .CMJA, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1475900/ National Institute of Health (2012) Retrieved from: www.nichd.nih.gov/.../sudden_infant_death_syndrome.cfm Phys.Org (2008). Using a Fan During Sleep Lowers SIDS Risk by 72 Percent. Retrieved from: http://phys.org/news142527893.html How will YOU protect your newborn from SIDS? Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, SIDS, is the sudden, unexpected death of a healthy infant, less than twelve...
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...Discuss how evidence-based practice is applied in your practice setting and describe the desired patient outcome achieved through this approach. I am currently an obstetric nurse and lactation counselor in the facility where I work. I have seen how evidence-based research plays a vital role in my practice and I am a strong advocate for breast feeding and there are many studies to support the benefits of breast-feeding “in the development of a baby’s immune system and the presence of maternal antibodies protect infants against infection. Artificial feeding is also associated with increased risk of common disorders of early childhood such as ear infections, asthma, skin disorders, digestive problems, and respiratory tract infections” (ABM, 2009). The initiation of successful breast feeding depends on early teaching and preparing the mother not only physically but also psychologically before delivery takes place. I have seen how babies who are breast-fed exclusively are healthier more developed and has fewer medical problems. “Studies have also linked artificial feeding to increased risk for obesity, type 1 and 2 diabetes, childhood leukemia, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), and necrotizing entercolitis. Mothers benefit as well, and a history of breastfeeding has been associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and of breast and ovarian cancer”(ABM, 2009). The patient outcome while breast-feeding is beneficial to both the mother and baby, studies show that “breastfeeding...
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...your risk of a heart disease and stroke by two to four times (Pg. 1 cdc.gov). Smoking makes it harder for women to get pregnant and harms the sperm in men, increasing the risk of birth defects. Your blood pressure raises due to the narrowing in your vessels, which can cause blockages, clots, and reduce blood flow to your legs and skin. Smoking can contribute to many complications during pregnancy for you and your baby. The baby is at increased risk of low birth weight, premature birth, miscarriage, or stillbirth. It lowers the available oxygen and raises heart rate to you and the fetus. Also, they can have lung problems and have birth defects, such as Orofacial clefts (cleft lip), after they are born. It can even contribute to sudden infant death syndrome, commonly known as SIDS. Now that you are aware of what smoking can do to you and your baby, you can start your path to quitting. In this day and time there are many ways to quit. Here are some of those ways: hide your lighters and ashtrays, declare your home a smoke free place, do not let others smoke around you, and avoid places that allow smoking. If you cannot quit on your own, contact your doctor. You can even join a support group to help you in achieving your goal of quitting. Many...
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...first problems to appear in smokers. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a breathing disease that is very common in smokers. COPD is the number one risk factor for developing lung cancer. COPD causes wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Smoking cigarettes can give smokers heart problems such as cardiovascular disease, heart attacks, high blood pressure, and many other heart issues. Smoking cigarettes shortens smokers’ life spans by ten years or more. Smokers do not realize the effects smoking has on pregnancy. Smoking makes it harder for women to become pregnant. Smoking can also affect the baby’s health. The baby can be born early and have a very unhealthy weight. Also the newborns can experience sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), orafacial...
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...decreases the risk for a large amount of acute and chronic diseases (Kennedy 2012). Breast milk contains substances that benefits babies immune system. It has antibodies, enzymes, and white blood cells that protect against disease and infection. If a mother gets a cold while breastfeeding, she is likely to pass the cold germ on to the baby, but the antibodies that help fight the cold are also passed through the milk. These antibodies will help the infant fight cold germs quickly and could maybe avoid the cold altogether. A mother’s milk drastically reduce the chances a baby will get ear infections, diarrhea, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections (Kennedy 2012). Infants who have been breastfed for at least four months are less likely to be hospitalized for respiratory tract infections like, croup and bronchiolitis (Kennedy 2012). The University of Virginia in Charlottesville have done of 288 studies over the last 40 year, they have shown babies that have been breastfed have a 36-50% less chance of developing sudden infant death syndrome, compared to those who have been formula fed (Kennedy 2012). The transfer of human milk to babies is also less likely to develop childhood acute leukemia...
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...respiratory diseases? IS THIS YOU? Your Childs Health American Cancer Society Topic Taking Action Against Risks The Surgeon General’s Report states that secondhand smoke kills people who don’t smoke, and makes others sick. Children are no exception. Some problems may seem small, but they add up quickly: think of the expenses, doctor visits, medications, lost school time, and often lost work time for the parent who must stay home with a sick child. And this does not include the discomforts that the child goes through! Secondhand smoke, also known as environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), has also been shown to increase the risk of lung cancer. Exposed children are at risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), respiratory infections, ear problems, and more. It can cause premature death for both children and adults. The only way to fully protect your children from secondhand smoke is to QUIT! Protect your children’s health and your own. FAQs: * Is secondhand smoke harmful? * Who should I go to for smoking cessation advice? * Does my smoking affect my child’s health? STOP! ACT NOW! YOUR...
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...are many benefits for the baby when it comes to breast feeding. More new mothers choose to breastfeed because of the benefits it has for the newborn Many studies have shown that breast feeding should be the number one choice for mother because it surely is the best for a child to be breast feed. Researchers have concluded that “Compared with breastfed infants, infants who are not breastfed experience two to five times as many ear infections.., 1.5 times as many respiratory illnesses.., 1.7–1.9 times as many gastrointestinal infections .., 1.3–1.9times as many allergy-related problems .., twice as many hospitalizations …, three to five times the rate of sudden infant death syndrome..” (Evenhouse & Reilly, 2005) Those research show that breast feed babies are less to be sick than those babies who are not breastfeed. Another research done by Cheryl Alexander and Patricia O’Campo concluded that “Results. Compared with no breast feeding, full breast-feeding infants hadlower odds ratios of diarrhea, cough or wheeze, and vomiting and lower mean ratios of illness months and sick baby medical visits. Most breast-feeding infants...
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...response - conditioned and unconditioned extinction/habituation Critical/Sensitive periods/imprinting Lev Vygotsky sociocultural theory Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory Macro/Exo/Meso/Microsystems basic definition of each correlational study - +/- correlations difference between positive and negative experimental design dependent and independent variable ethical considerations in research studies genotype gametes phenotype vernix DNA ovum chromosome lanugo gene chorion mitosis (“t” for “2”) amnion meiosis umbilical cord zygote glial cells gametes dizygotic/monozygotic twins incomplete dominance neural tube Down Syndrome genetic counseling teratogen – their effects at what point in pregnancy Study Guide – Test 1 – ch. 1-6 neurotransmitters synaptic pruning amniocentesis chorionic villi sampling fetoscopy poverty rate/guaranteed income babies born addicted smoking and pregnancy FAS – fetal alcohol syndrome Rh factor incompatibility stress during the birth SIDS – sudden infant death syndrome left/right hemisphere specialization breastfeeding Fine/Gross motor development visual acuity depth perception visual cliff Jean Piaget assimilation/accommodation/schemes/adaption equilibrium/disequilibrium sensorimotor stages: circular reaction object permanence; mental representation Contrasting views to Piaget:...
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...Risks of Secondhand Smoke People are always saying, “secondhand smoke kills” without knowing the real health dangers and whom it affects. Secondhand smoke is a leading health risk to nonsmokers due to harmful chemicals, risk of cancer, and other affects to children, teens, and adults. Secondhand smoke is an inhalation of pollutants in the air from tobacco products. I feel that nobody should be subjected to this, but sometimes minors don’t have a choice. Adults have the power to change this and hopefully after this they will consider their options. Hello, my name is Lucia and today I am going to discuss the health risk associated with secondhand smoke. There are 4,000 toxic chemicals in the smoke released from cigarettes alone. Approximately 40 of these chemicals are linked to cancer. Which means, every time someone lights up a cigarette they are more likely to have cancer, than someone who doesn’t. Some of the poisonous chemicals are: acetone, ammonia, formaldehyde, arsenic, and carbon monoxide, just to name a few. Acetone is known to be used in nail salons to remove artificial nails, ammonia is a strong chemical used for household cleaning, and formaldehyde is used for embalming corpses. Arsenic is a deadly poison, and is used as an ingredient in insecticides and other commercial poison. Carbon monoxide is tasteless, odorless, colorless, and an extremely poisonous gas. This is only five chemicals of the 4,000 deadly chemicals linked to secondhand smoke. There are several...
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