...Start of the Cold War: 1945-1947 Reading and Note Taking Assignment Resources: 840-847 in American Journey textbook. Directions: The above reading assignment will be done in class and you will need to review and study these readings outside of class. Note taking with our history readings will continue, and this semester, in your history notebook, you will be working with making Cornell notes that we learned and practiced last semester. This is to help prepare you for note taking skills that will be expected next year in high school. Below is the template for you to complete. Key Points Cold War Origins: (Note: This is the title of Section 1. Everything in this section is going to be about Cold War Origins, which means how and why the Cold War started.) Wartime Diplomacy, Pg 842(Note: This is the Heading Title in American Journey, and it is in blue, but it will not be organized in the same way for every textbook. The Heading Titles introduce you to the next important idea in the Section. Think of the Heading Titles as “yellows” in your paragraph writing.)Soviet Expansion in Europe, Pp. 843 | Details on the important idea for the three intro paragraphs go here (5 W’s): 1. Feb, 1945, Big Three (Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin) met at Yalta. Yalta agreement: Soviet Union entered war against Japan and, in return. got land in Asia. 2. Roosevelt and Churchill feared spread of communism. Soviet Union controlling Eastern Europe. Allies...
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...The Cold War, by John Lewis Gaddis, is an extremely researched, and stunningly written historical account of the Cold War. Gaddis is the Professor of Military and Naval History at Yale University. Gaddis is best known for his work on the Cold War. John Lewis Gaddis was born in 1941 in Cotulla, Texas. Gaddis received his PhD at the University of Texas at Austin, and has since taught and at multiple universities and has received numerous awards and distinctions. Gaddis won a Pulitzer Prize in 2012 for his biography of George F. Kennan. John Gaddis was born during World War II and grew up experiencing the Cold War first hand in America. Gaddis’ perspective is that of an American historian that has drawn from other Cold War historians as well....
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...In 1945, the United States and Soviet Union were allies, together victorious in World War II, which ended with total victory for Soviet and American forces over Adolf Hitler's Nazi empire in Europe. Within just a few years, however, wartime allies became mortal enemies, locked in a global struggle, military, political, economic, ideological to prevail in a new "Cold War." (Causes of the Cold War Summary & Analysis) The name of the Cold War derive from the blameless and approachable relationship the United States and Russia had dating back from World War II. The war occurred from 1945 to 1980 and is considered the longest war America has ever fought. One of the most important aspects of the Cold War era that I have analyzed is the role the Bahamas played. The reason for this is the Bahamas is geographically located between the United States of America and Cuba. Throughout my interviews, I have found that the U.S. has use the Bahamas as a curtain to defend them from Cuba. They strategically setup missile and submarine bases on key islands located in the Bahamas. All in an effort to monitor soviet submarines heading to and from Cuba. One interviewer said as a child they enjoyed watching U.S. helicopters perform different operations performed on the island in preparation if Cuba was to strike. In my interviews account they recall key events such as the Korean War, the Cuban Crises, Creeping Socialism, and John F. Kennedy being newly elected President of the United States of America...
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...the Development of the Cold War A: Plan of Investigation: To simplify the causes of the Cold War the many issues that were contributing factors can be grouped into three major realms political ideological disputes, economic motives, and the struggle each country had to become the most dominant super power. At first glance it may not seem likely that a war, even a relatively calm and bloodless one such as the Cold War, could possibly be fueled by economic motives, but unfortunately money and trade are often the leading forces in determining whether or not to enter a war with a rival nation. In the case of the Cold War economic incentives were clearing present. The Soviets and the United States differ in their even in their economic ideology, the Soviets were looking to expand their totalitarian regime and needed an economic policy to fit that and closed trade open trade for fear that idea of democracy would spread through commerce from the west; while the United States was known for supporting free and open trade among all nations. The most important question being, what were the economics issues that lead to Cold War and to completely answer this question one must look at primary and secondary sources of evidence that show economic differences of each country which may have lead to the Cold War. The policies taken and economic ideologies of each of the Soviets and the United States depict the economic quarrels that sparked the Cold War. B: Summary of Evidence: Although...
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...Were the policies of the United States justified during the Cold War? Would you like it if you were forced to think and act in a certain way? In the past, there were countries, such as Germany, that tried to use force to make other people think the same way as they do, by killing people that were different, or thought differently. The United States and other countries didn't feel that they could just stand around and let things like this happen. The United States worked with others in the United Nations to put policies in place to protect and keep peace between nations. The Cold War is a good example of the United States working with others in order to protect against the spread of communism. It was called The Cold War because there wasn't ever an actual face to face conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union (New World Encyclopedia). Do you think the policies of the United States were justified during the Cold War? The foreign policy of the United States during the Cold War had support due to the direct conflict of goals of the U.S. and how the spread of communism could prove dangerous for Americans. The primary goal of communist nations was to ensure peace by forcing their views and beliefs on everyone else (Doc 12). For example, Stalin already had a dominating influence over several countries because of setting up Soviet-controlled governments in Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Once they were in power within the country,...
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...The American Way of Strategy (Ch: 7-9 summaries) The Cold War began in the late 1940s when Joseph Stalin refused to move the Red Army from Eastern Europe, imposed communist regimes on the region, began a massive arms buildup, and sponsored communist revolutions throughout the world. The Cold War began in Europe and ended in Europe. This war, as any other war, was a calculated plan and not just a tragic accident as evidence showed in the memorandum soviet deputy foreign minister Ivan Maisky sent to Josef Stalin. “Maisky suggested that the Soviet government manipulate popular fronts to bring communist satellite regimes to power throughout continental Europe after the war.” So the Cold War resulted from Soviet aspirations to dominate Europe and Asia. However this time, the Soviets preferred methods such as intimidation and subversion to fight this war. As it is discussed in previous chapters of this book, “The purpose of the American way of strategy has always been to defend the American way of life,” which led the United States to prevent the Soviet Union from taking control over Eurasia by conquest, subversion, or military intimidation. However, this time the options to stop Soviets from taking control over the region were limited by the determination of American leaders to avoid militarizing American society. There were options such as the ‘strongpoint defense’ “This was a modified form of isolationism, which would commit the United States to defending only North America...
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...Summary on Walt Whitman's-'O Captain!My Captain ‘O Captain! My Captain’ is a moving poem in which Whitman expresses his profound sense of grief at a tragic end of a leader of men is addressed to Abraham Lincoln, one of the greatest presidents of the United States of America, who fought a war (the American Civil War) against the Southern States to give the Negro slaves freedom and human dignity. The war was won, the slaves were freed, but Lincoln, soon after his election as president for a second term, fell a victim to an assassin’s bullet. The leader is being conceived as the brave captain of a ship who falls dead on the deck just when the journey is over and the victory is won. Whitman delivers the message to the captain and declares that their fearful and dangerous trip is done. Their ship had withstood every destructive encounter and their prized reward that they longed for is won. Their weary ship is drawing near the sea-port, the church bells are ringing to celebrate a victory and the people are rejoicing. Yet in the midst the celebration, he sees that within the grim and the daring vessel, his heart would spill profusely with drops of blood of immeasurable sadness to see his captain lying cold and dead. Whitman pleads desperately to the captain to get up from his bed and see that the people are flying the flag just for him. The people are blowing their trumpets and bugles and are waiting to present him with bunches of flowers and decorated garlands...
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...An abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject or discipline, and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper's purpose.[1] When used, an abstract always appears at the beginning of a manuscript or typescript, acting as the point-of-entry for any given academic paper or patent application. Abstracting and indexing services for various academic disciplines are aimed at compiling a body of literature for that particular subject. The terms précis or synopsis are used in some publications to refer to the same thing that other publications might call an "abstract". In management reports, an executive summary usually contains more information (and often more sensitive information) than the abstract does. SEMIABSTRACT. : having subject matter that is easily recognizable although the form is stylized pertaining to or designating a style of painting or sculpture in which the subject remains recognizable although the forms are highly stylized in a manner derived from abstract art. International Painter David S. Painter (born 1948) is an associate professor of international history at Georgetown University. He is a leading scholar[1] of the Cold War and United States foreign policy during the 20th century, with particular emphasis on their relation to oil. Educational and career Painter studied history at King College (BA 1970), Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar (BA 1973), and the University...
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...or global events during the Cold War leading up to the formation of the presidential doctrine you wrote about in Assignment 1. A doctrine is belief or policy taught or advocated by either a political party, church or other group. It also can be defined as a body of teachings or instructions. In this particular case President Richard Nixon’s presidential doctrine is being described from previous Assignment 1. A president should want to announce a presidential doctrine because it becomes the foundation on which a country builds its foreign policy upon. After being elected in 1969, President Nixon’s doctrine focused on justifying and accomplishing his goals of withdrawing American troops from South Vietnam during a costly war. With American strength in Vietnam reaching 500,000, it was time for Nixon to act on his promise that got him elected. With Americans extremely displeased with the casualty rate reaching 15,000 and the war costing the U.S economy 25 billion, on July 25, 1969, President Nixon established that from now on Asian countries fighting against communist aggression would have rely on their own manpower instead of American troops. He also stated that in exchange for troops, United States would send military advisors and weapons, and furnish military and economic assistance. With this doctrine he was able to recall nearly 10,000 troops by the end of 1969. Select one country you wrote about in Assignment 1 and describe the Cold War relationship that existed between...
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...Cold War Summary Notes Topic 1 – The Beginnings of the Cold War 1945-1949 • Background – the ideologies of capitalism and communism and the governments of the USA and USSR. o The USA was a democracy and held free elections whereas the USSR was a Communist state. Elections were uncontested and all candidates were Communist. o In the USA business was privately owned, but in the USSR all business and industry were owned by the state. o In the USA there were great differences between the rich and poor. In the USSR there were tight controls on the amount of money that individuals could own. o Both the USA and USSR believed that other countries should be run in the same way that theirs was. o Many people in each country were strongly against the beliefs of the other. • It is important to realise that the differences in beliefs between the two countries alone did not cause the Cold War. The two countries had even been allies during World War Two. However, the USA had learned from the experience of the Second World War that they should not give in to the demands of dictators. Any action that was perceived as a threat of the spread of Communism would bring a reaction from the USA. The Yalta Conference • This was held in February 1945, before the end of the Second World War, when it was clear that Germany was losing the war in Europe. It was held at Yalta in the Ukraine. • The three main figures at the Conference...
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...The Battle for Ethical Politics In America Each decade brings about important events that shaped and affected the political status in the United States. The exploration of the effects of McCarthyism on the Cold War shows the evolution of the political tone in the United States. The United States’ political control over Communist takeover was elevated until approximately midway through the Vietnam War. At which time, the United States’ involvement in Vietnam and the fight against communism was questioned. Following this period, the threat of socialism seemed to diminish, and Watergate caused many people to distrust political officials. When this scandal finally settled down, a new leadership brought about the biggest change in the Cold War since its inception, and a new respect for political power. Senator Joseph McCarthy: Fight Against Communism After World War II, the threat of Communist takeover was real. By 1949, Communists took control of Eastern Europe and Asia, and by 1950, China had succumbed to Communist rule (Davidson, Gienapp, Heyrman, Lytle, & Stoff, 2005, p. 812). The United States’ involvement in the fight to save China, led some Republicans to believe the Democrats let the Communists win (Davidson, Gienapp, Heyrman, Lytle, & Stoff, 2005, p. 813). To further complicate matters, in 1949, the trial of Alger Hiss, the man accused of selling secrets to the Russians in the 1930s, was convicted for lying about his association with known Communist, Whittaker...
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...The New World Order: Not Built in a Day Luke Nosko 2011-04-02 David Tabachnick Word Count: 3028 The end of the Cold War, marked by the collapse of the Soviet Union, was the beginning of an unprecedented geopolitical scenario in modern times, namely the existence of a lone superpower nation which easily dominated the other countries of the world in terms of military strength and international economic and political influence. With this never-before-seen position of power in the modern, globalized world came the heightened importance of American foreign policy decisions, and the world waited to see how the US would react to being thrust abruptly into this role of the unipole of world power. The first test of US foreign policy as the sole superpower would actually come before the official dissolution of the USSR (though it had been in steep economic decline for some time), when Saddam Hussein lead the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990. US President George H. W. Bush would place this conflict into perspective for the countries now looking to the US for leadership in his address to a joint session of Congress and the nation on September 11, 1990, and it was then that he most famously claimed that the US would strive to establish and protect the concept of a New World Order (NWO): “We stand today at a unique and extraordinary moment. The crisis in the Persian Gulf, as grave as it is, also offers a rare opportunity to move toward an historic period of cooperation. Out of these...
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...HIS 102 December 7, 2012 Film Review of Dr. Strangelove or: How I learned to stop worrying and Love the Bomb Plot Summary: The class was asked to review the film Dr. Strangelove or: How I learned to stop worrying and Love the Bomb. The movie was a satirical comedy about nuclear weaponry and what could happen if the wrong person pushed the wrong button. At the core of the film was the story of top-ranking men of the United States and the Soviet Union who had become so destabilized by their inferiority complexes, they dared to use nuclear war as a way to supplement their short-comings. Ironically, the movie was made during a time when the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was, perhaps, at its worst. To the politically-aware, the film could have seemed rather untimely. The film was a ridiculously exaggerated take on Cold War attitudes, with the primary focus being the satirical theory of mutual assured destruction (MAD). Even though MAD was a realistic threat during the time, the film made it seem trivial and funny. The film opened with the mid-air refueling of a long-range bomber with obvious sexual overtones. After that, the movie shifted into gear when General Jack D. Ripper became mentally unhinged and sent bombers to attack the Soviet Union. The subject of the movie was Dr. Strangelove, a mysterious, wheelchair-bound German scientist whose mechanical arm was always on the verge of a Nazi salute. Loaded with...
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...Allstar Brands Over-The-Counter Cold Medicine Group May 15, 2014 PHARMASIM Simulation Initial Strategy Report Allstar Brands Over-The-Counter Cold Medicine Group May 15, 2014 PHARMASIM Simulation Initial Strategy Report PHARMASIM Simulation Initial Strategy Report Presented by Group D This report is Part 1 of assignment for Marketing MBA 565-MBOL1 to Dr. Stephen Baglione Table of Content Executive Summary...………………………………………………………………………..2 Project Objectives………………………………………….…………….…………..2 1.0 Vision………………………………………………………………………….…………..3 1.2 Objectives…………………………………………………………………….……….…..3 1.3 Key Success Factors………………………………………………………………….…..3 2.0 Target Markets…………………………………………………………….….…….……4 2.1 Market Definition and Segmentation……………………………….….……………….4 2.2 Target Market Segment Strategy……………………………………….………………4 2.3 Distribution Channels……………………………………………….…………………...4 2.3.1 Pricing and Promotional Allowances…………………………………………………4 2.4 Competitive Forces……………………………………………………………………….4 2.5 Advertising………………………………………………………………………………..4 2.6 Product Development…………………………………………………………………….5 2.7 Expense Budget Summary…………………………………………………….…………5 2.8 Sales Forecast………………………………………………………………….………….5 2.9 Progress Measurement and Monitoring…………………………………….….……….5 3.0 Key Marketing Metrics……………………………………………………….………….5 3.1 Other Success Metrics……………………………………………………………………5 3.2 Marketing Organization…………………………………………………………………5 ...
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...What a lovely war’ a complete and accurate summary of the experience of soldiers on the western front? The musical ‘Oh! What a lovely war’ directed by Joan Littlewood in 1963 portrays the experiences and reality of the war in the four songs, sung by the soldiers, to some level of accuracy. However extracts from Banham, Luff and Vyvyen Brandon suggest otherwise. In some ways, the songs directed by Joan Littlewood do portray the reality of life on the western front and the dangers on the front line and in the reserve trenches. Joan accurately describes the soldiers who want to be ‘Far far from Wipers […] where German snipers can’t get at [them]’. The lyrics give the impression that the soldiers were faced with danger and they wanted to end the war to avoid being shot by ‘German snipers’. This evidence is supported by the Brandon extracts which look at the key issues of how the troops managed to endure the horrors of fighting in the trenches. The extracts describe how ‘at any moment’ soldiers could have been ‘shot by a sniper, gassed or blown to pieces by a shell, mine or bomb.’ This therefore consolidates the idea of the front line being hazardous and proves Joan Littlewoods’ portrayed impression of the war as accurate. Additionally, it can be argued that Joan Littlewood to some extent accurately describes the conditions of the trenches and what the soldiers had to endure. In the song ‘Far Far From Wipers’ it refers to bad conditions such as ‘damp’ dugouts and ‘cold’ feet. The...
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