...NSA Surveillance Source Summaries Summary number one Authors Katyal and Caplan (2008) wrote an article for the Stanford Law Review that strengthens the idea that National Security Agency surveillance programs operating independently of external authorization or even knowledge of the Executive branch has a surprising level of legality based upon the precedence set by former president Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The divulgence of information obtained without authorization from either the sender or receiver was expressly prohibited via the telecommunications act of 1934. The FDR administration interpreted that wiretapping was legal as long as the information was not divulged. Subsequently, many legal battles began and congress as well as the Supreme Court began inhibiting surveillance by the government in favor of constitutional protections and rights. This led to emergence of secretive surveillance by the FDR administration. The Foreign intelligence and surveillance act of 1978 sought to legaly reintroduce surveillance but in most cases required judiciary authorization. There are some exceptions written into the act that allows surveillance but for limited periods of time and/or requiring congress to formally declare an act of war. Previous precedence of the FDR administration and loopholes within the FISA act was basis for the Bush administration to carry on the legacy of unauthorized and unknown surveillance. Likewise, during this administration...
Words: 812 - Pages: 4
...Law Assignment #5 The President has requested Congress to authorize military force in Xanadu (he believes they are developing nuclear weapons and making assassination plots on national leaders) based on secret intelligence he has received. He presented Congress with 500+ documents to prove the reliability and credibility of this intelligence he received. Before voting, Senator Felicia would like to view several of the documents that the President did not present to Congress so that she may decide how credible this intelligence really is. The Senator submits a request to the CIA and the Department of Homeland Security to produce these documents for review. All requests from both organizations are denied. The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requires federal agencies to provide any person access to records, both paper and electronic, that are not included in any of the nine “exempt” categories. The first, among the nine exemptions, is National Security. Exemption 1 is the only exemption that allows the executive branch, not Congress, to determine the criteria for release of documents. It protects from disclosure of information, that an executive order declares, that could damage the national defense. It allows for the President and his attorney general to determine how national security records will be classified. In addition, the FOIA authorizes Judges to review classification decisions, but the courts will rarely order release any information that the executive...
Words: 562 - Pages: 3
...AS A COMPONENT OF THE STRATEGIC NATIONAL STOCKPILE: A DILEMMA FOR HOMELAND SECURITY by Thomas L. Rempfer December 2009 Thesis Advisor: Second Reader: Stanley Supinski Dean Lynch Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 2. REPORT DATE December 2009 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Master’s Thesis 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Anthrax Vaccine as a Component of the Strategic National Stockpile: A Dilemma for Homeland Security 6. AUTHOR(S) Thomas L. Rempfer 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) N/A 8. PERFORMING...
Words: 3672 - Pages: 15
...Principles of Information Security, Fourth Edition Chapter 3 Legal, Ethical, and Professional Issues in Information Security Learning Objectives • Upon completion of this material, you should be able to: – Describe the functions of and relationships among laws, regulations, and professional organizations in information security – Differentiate between laws and ethics – Identify major national laws that affect the practice of information security – Explain the role of culture as it applies to ethics in information security Principles of Information Security, 4th Edition 2 Introduction • You must understand scope of an organization’s legal and ethical responsibilities • To minimize liabilities/reduce risks, the information security practitioner must: – Understand current legal environment – Stay current with laws and regulations – Watch for new issues that emerge Principles of Information Security, 4th Edition 3 Law and Ethics in Information Security • Laws: rules that mandate or prohibit certain societal behavior • Ethics: define socially acceptable behavior • Cultural mores: fixed moral attitudes or customs of a particular group; ethics based on these • Laws carry sanctions of a governing authority; ethics do not Principles of Information Security, 4th Edition 4 Organizational Liability and the Need for Counsel • Liability: legal obligation of an entity extending beyond criminal or contract law; includes legal obligation to make restitution...
Words: 2389 - Pages: 10
...Table of Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... 5 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Why is an Australian Government Cloud Computing Strategy required? .......................... 7 1.2 Objective .............................................................................................................................. 9 1.3 Audience .............................................................................................................................. 9 2. What is Cloud Computing? ...................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Types of Cloud Computing................................................................................................. 12 2.2 Cloud Service Capability .................................................................................................... 13 3. Potential Risks and Issues of Cloud Computing ...................................................................... 14 4. Potential Business Benefits of Cloud Computing for Australian Government Agencies ........ 17 5. Potential Opportunities of Cloud Computing for Australian Government Agencies .............. 19 6. Australian Government Cloud Computing Policy .......................................
Words: 801 - Pages: 4
...comprehensive summary of the contents of the article; it allows readers to survey the contents of an article quickly, and like a title, it enables abstracting and information services to index and retrieve articles” (p. 12). . HIPAA Privacy – Safe Guarding and Securing Patient Data It has been said time and time again that life was much less complicated at the turn of the 20th Century and this saying could not be truer when it comes to medicine. At the turn of the 1900’s there was a personal bond between the provider and the patient, between the provider and the community, and between citizens in the community. In small towns across the nation there was less of a sense of privacy & individualism and more emphasis on helping your neighbor; because of this medical privacy was not a concern. You cannot help your neighbor if you are not aware of their issues. If we fast forward to the year 2010 times have changed significantly; with the advent of technology the American culture has changed. Personal information is no longer just stored on paper in the doctor’s office, patient information is stored in vast computer banks and sold like stocks and bonds on Wall Street; all of a sudden personal privacy is no longer private. Therefore the federal government had to step in and put a halt to this travesty of invasion of privacy. One of the best medical laws that were ever written is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) Privacy and Security Rules...
Words: 3127 - Pages: 13
............................................................ 4 III. Application Security and FISMA .......................................................................................... 5 IV. NIST SP 800‐37 and FISMA .................................................................................................. 6 V. How Veracode Can Help ...................................................................................................... 7 VI. NIST SP 800‐37 Tasks & Veracode Solutions ....................................................................... 8 VII. Summary and Conclusions ............................................................................................... 10 About Veracode .................................................................................................................... 11 © 2008 Veracode, Inc. 2 Overview The Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 ("FISMA", 44 U.S.C. § 3541, et seq.) is a United States federal law enacted in 2002 as Title III of the E‐ Government Act of 2002 (Pub.L. 107‐347, 116 Stat. 2899). The Act is meant to bolster computer and network security within the Federal Government and affiliated parties (such as government contractors) by mandating information security controls and periodic audits. I. The Role of NIST in FISMA Compliance The National Institute of Standards and...
Words: 2451 - Pages: 10
...SECURITY PLANNING FOR THE 2004 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION CASE REPORT MSFM- Organizational Behavior January 6, 2014 Case Summary In November 2002 the Democratic National Committee selected Boston, Massachusetts to host its July 2004 convention. Boston had beaten out other larger cities which included New York, Miami and Detroit to win the convention. The convention would nominate local politician John Kerry to run against President George W. Bush in the upcoming 2004 election. It was hoped that the event would bring an economic windfall to the city and also showcase the historical and fashionable attractions to the national and international media. Boston Mayor Thomas Menino had worked hard to bring the Democratic National Convention to Boston. The city had tried in 2000 to host the convention but lost out to Los Angeles. On its second try with the help of Senator Edward Kennedy and the state’s congressional delegation Boston was successful. Mayor Menino was very excited for Boston to be in the media spotlight for the four days in July that the convention would be held. It would give the city a chance to bask in the limelight and show its rich historical past and its vibrant present. The Mayor also added that he saw the convention as a challenge for Boston. We’d never had an event of this magnitude. Menino was confident the city would meet the challenge and fare better than others that had hosted political conventions in the past. The city’s elation...
Words: 1741 - Pages: 7
...Timeline: History of Health Reform in the U.S. VIEW: Early 1900's 1930 – 1934 1935 – 1939 1940 - 1945 1945 - 1949 1950 - 1954 1955 - 1959 1960 – 1964 1965 – 1969 1970 - 1974 1975 – 1979 1980 - 1984 1985 - 1989 1990 – 1994 1995 - 1999 2000 – 2004 2005 – 2009 2010 1912 Teddy Roosevelt and his Progressive party endorse social insurance as part of their platform, including health insurance. 1912 National Convention of Insurance Commissioners develops first model of state law for regulating health insurance. 1915 The American Association for Labor Legislation 1912 Teddy Roosevelt and his Progressive party endorse social insurance as part of their platform, including health insurance. 1912 National Convention of Insurance Commissioners develops first model of state law for regulating health insurance. 1915 The American Association for Labor Legislation Early 1900's 1921 Women reformers persuade Congress to pass the Sheppard-Towner Act, which provided matching funds to states for prenatal and child health centers. Act expires in 1929 and is not reauthorized. (AALL) publishes a draft bill for compulsory health insurance and promotes campaigns in several states. A few states show interest, but fail to enact as U.S. enters into World War I. The idea draws initial support from the AMA, but by 1920 AMA reverses their position. 1927 Committee on the Costs of Medical Care forms to study the economic organization of medical care. Group is comprised of economists...
Words: 5146 - Pages: 21
...Underachievers DATE:2014-10-7 SUBJECT:Proposal PURPOSE:To acquaint you with our proposal Dear Dr. Jones, Edward Snowden’s leaks about the National Security Agency’s mass surveillance programs created a global debate about privacy, security, and safety. The NSA has the capability to read email, snoop on private social network conversations, observe phone call records, and track the physical locations of citizens not charged nor suspected of any crime, without so much as a warrant. Worse, the demographic most affected this level of snooping on our digital lives, the 18-24 year-old college crowd, is the least knowledgeable and most politically apathetic about the issue. This is a recipe for disaster, and this proposal seeks funding for an awareness campaign that will address it. This campaign will raise awareness about mass surveillance and the Snowden disclosures. We will use posters and flyers to dry attention to the issue. We will use the University of New Mexico as a testing ground, using before and after surveys to gauge effectiveness. If the campaign proves successful, we will recruit volunteers and raise a second round of funding to bring the campaign to college campuses across the nation. Team Underachievers would be at the forefront of both campaigns, personally executing the trial campaign and overseeing the potential national one. After the acceptance of this proposal, we will immediately begin designing our materials and sourcing the cheapest places to mass produce...
Words: 3481 - Pages: 14
...The summary determines Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) is an important Cyber Security initiative that requires careful planning and coordination in protecting our infrastructure: 1. What is the Department of Homeland Security’s Mission, Operations, and Responsibilities? 2. What is the Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) initiatives are; what are protected, and the methods used to protect our assets? 3. What are the vulnerabilities IS professionals need to be concerned with when protecting the U.S.’s critical infrastructure? 4. Evaluate the effectiveness of IS professionals in regard to protecting the U.S.’s critical infrastructure. 5. Three methods to improve the protection of our critical infrastructure DHS’s Mission The Homeland Security Act of 2002 created the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) began operations in 2003 it assigned the department the following critical infrastructure protection responsibilities it’s goals and objectives are to prevent, to protect, to respond, and to recover, as well as to build in security, to ensure resilience, and to facilitate customs and exchange. DHS core mission consist of five homeland security missions “Prevent terrorism and enhancing security; Secure and manage our borders; Enforce and administer our immigration laws; Safeguard and secure cyberspace; Ensure resilience to disasters” (DHS.gov) Homeland security is a widely distributed and diverse refers to the collective efforts and shared responsibilities...
Words: 1936 - Pages: 8
...the specific act. •Summary the act and how the act addresses the specific problem(s). •Analyze the act and give feedback if you believe the act is and will be effective for protecting consumers and citizens. Is it useful to law enforcement? I did some research and found the Counterfeit Access Device and Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. The act was passed by Congress in 1984 and was the first federal computer crime legislation. The act was set in place to protect certain classified government information. Using a computer to cause damage to a computer systems hardware and software was considered to be a criminal offense. With this act in place, computer crimes continued to increase dramatically. Congress enacted the National Information Infrastructure Act of 1996. The act was title two of the Economic Espionage Act of 1996. The provisions of the original Computer Fraud and Abuse Act were strengthened and clarified because of the Act. Some lawmakers and commentators thought new legislation would be necessary for any new developments in technology being used to commit computer crimes. Congress also created the National Computer Crime Squad. It was created inside the FBI. The National Computer Crime Squad investigated over two hundred individual computer crime cases. Law enforcement agencies and new legislations over the years have tried to control computer crimes. In 2002 a survey was conducted by the Computer Security Institute along with...
Words: 459 - Pages: 2
...Executive Summary Memorandum The role of The State of Maryland information and information technology systems are critical assets of the State and are vital in delivering resources to Maryland citizens. These assets are important to the services that agencies provide to businesses, educational institutions, citizens as well as to local and federal government entities. All information produced with State resources for the operation of the State belongs to the State of Maryland. All employees, agencies and contractors of Maryland are responsible for safeguarding such information from modification, unauthorized access, disclosure and destruction. This Policy provides a minimum level of security requirements that will provide the confidentiality, integrity and availability of Maryland IT asset, when implemented. For this reason a comprehensive Information Security standard and system ought to be implemented so that there can be suitable management of security across all the present functions and to provide the required security and guarantees with the regards to information requirements. This would include aspects of confidentiality, integrity, and availability which are crucial aspect of any security standard. A comprehensive review of the Information Security implementation within the State of Maryland will make it possible to establish how this has been impacted by the set forth security standards in addition to changes introduced by legislative developments and processes...
Words: 634 - Pages: 3
...Organizational Structures and Processes Summary For The Department of Health and Human Services Organizational Structures and Processes Summary Introduction “The department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is the primary agency the United States” (USDHHS, 2011, pg. 1) government uses for supplying essential human services and for protecting the health for Americans. HHS dispenses more funding money than any of the other government agencies collectively and symbolizes roughly a quarter of national expenses. Most HHS funded services are provided at the local level by county and state agencies and works closely with local and state governments or through private sector grantees. There are 11 operating sections managed by the department programs, which include three human service agencies and the U.S. Public Health Service has eight agencies. There are more than 300 programs, obscuring a large range of activities. Impartial treatment of beneficiaries nationally is also provided by HHS and the collection of national health and other data is enabled. Organization’s Structure In the Department of HHS, the organizational structure is organized in a tree-like structure, most of the other offices of administration branching from the center, the secretary portion. The deputy secretary and the Chief of Staff are the heads of the department, and the Executive Secretariat, Office of Health Reform, Office on Disability, Office of Intergovernmental, and External...
Words: 1771 - Pages: 8
...Darl A. Hammacher Jr. IST 293 21 July 2013 HIPAA and Information Security In a society where you can find out nearly everything about a person by simply using the internet, there are still certain aspects of people’s lives that remain private thanks to certain federal and state laws. These laws have been enacted to not only maintain privacy of patients, but to reduce costs and fraud in the field they are related to. The continued growth of the population and growth of the ability to obtain private information has compelled the government to continuously create and update laws to protect its citizens. One of the most important laws of the 2000’s was the passing of HIPAA, or Health Information Portability and Accountability Act. HIPAA was designed to not only protect patients and their families, but also to cut down on cost and fraud within the medical field. If you have been to the doctor and signed any forms before you were seen, one of them was most definitely a HIPAA release form. HIPAA was created in 1996 as part of the Social Security Act. Since 1996, Congress has added many amendments to the Act, but the basic premise has remained the same. Title I of the HIPAA law was created in an effort to help employees and their families keep their health insurance in the event of a job loss or job change and define the time limits for pre-existing conditions clauses. Title II of HIPAA act was designed to also combat and deter fraud within the medical community as well as setting...
Words: 1152 - Pages: 5
