...Irp 2 Belief System Research Question What are superstitions and does it influence people? 1)Context : Belief systems are just stories that we tell ourselves in order to define our personal sense of "reality". Every person in the world has a belief system that they utilize, and it is through this mechanism that we individually, "make sense" of the world around us. Superstition is a belief—that one event causes another without any natural process linking the two events—such as astrology, religion, omens, witchcraft, prophecies, etc., that contradicts natural science. I have heard that various people of different parts of the world follow different kinds of beliefs. This made me very curious as this was quite new to me. So I decided...
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...ANTI SUPERSTITION AND BLACK MAGIC ACT Anti Superstition And Black Magic Act B.A.L.L.B(Hons) Roll No-36 ABSTRACT Superstition is a belief that is not backed by scientific evidence. It is irrational faith in something without a proper explanation. Superstitions are rampant in India and have claimed many lives over the years. The Maharashtra Prevention and Eradication of Human Sacrifice and other Inhuman, Evil and Aghori Practices and Black Magic Bill 2013 is the first of its kind in India and was passed on 18th December, 2013. The bill was first drafted by social activist and rationalist Narendra Dabholkar in 2003. The bill faced heavy criticism and cost Dabholkar his life. He was shot dead by unknown assailants in August, 2013, nearly 4 months before the bill was passed. The Anti- Superstition Act is the first of its kind in the country and has been dealing with superstition effectively since its implementation last year. Other states such as Karnataka and Assam are also contemplating an Anti -Superstition Bill. This article provides the meaning and causes of superstition. It also discusses the history of the anti- superstition act in Maharashtra, its scope, limitations and subject matter KEYWORDS Superstition, Maharashtra, anti- superstition bill, Narendra Dabholkar, black magic, blind faith, Maharashtra Andhashraddha Nirmoolan Samiti (MANS) INTRODUCTION ...
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...The Bengal tiger is a carnivorous, mammal primarily from India. It lives in habitats such as the coniferous Himalayan Forest, the mangroves of the Sunderbans, the hills of the Indian Peninsula, or the forests of Rajasthan and Northern India. At one time Bengal tigers were scattered throughout Asia. Now they are generally found in India and some regions of Bangledesh, Bhutan, Nepal, and Myanmar. There is approximately 4,000 alive in the wild now, and about 300 are in captivity in zoos around the world. Bengal tiger's are one of the largest and most feared cats in the cat family. An adult tiger can weigh any where from 350 to 550 pounds. The adult males weigh an average of 480 pounds, while the females weigh about 300. Their body lengths are between 6 and 9 feet long! A Bengal tiger hunts primarily deer, wild pigs, water buffalo, birds and other small mammals. When driven from hunger a this tiger will eat almost anything. Crocodiles, lizards, fish, and even humans are eaten by a frustrated Bengal tiger. They eat meat and only meat. Their style of attack is differant from the cheetah's and the lion's; who hunt in open habitats. Although it is a heavier predator than that of the lion and cheetah, it averages about 50 deer a year. Bengal tigers need a wide forest-like areas to hunt their prey. They are known to hunt alone, but have been found to hunt in packs. These...
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...ensure to transfer the tradition to the upcoming generations. The distinguishing civilization, inheritance, and traditions are unique for each nation. The heritage assessment tool helps to differentiate various traditions and heritage of different cultures. Being an Indian my traditional beliefs, customs, and practices pertaining to health are diverse and is specific to each region. Indians are well-known for their endurance and the way they entertain guests unbiased by his/her race, religious beliefs or economic status. People in India especially elderly believe that health and wealth are very much related to mind, body, and soul. Though people seek medical help for aches and other illness of unknown origin, individuals are ashamed to report mental health issues to the medical practitioner and sometimes wait until decisive moments to get assistance from health care personnel (Shapiro, n d). Apart from the western medicine India has a wealth of traditional system of medicine including Ayurveda, Homeopathy, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Acupuncture and Acupressure. Ayurveda also known as “the science of life” deals with multiple aspects of medical system that lay stress on the well-being of body, mind, and soul and is achieved by established and routine daily life, rejuvenating activities, and the usage of yoga (Gordon, Bernadett, Evans, Shapiro, Patel, 2006). Individuals believe in herbal medicine to hasten the healing process. Indian culture is unique and varied...
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...During the 17th century Louis XIV of France sought to strengthen the power of the monarchy in France and to enhance France’s position in world politics. In 1664 Jean Colbert, his finance minister, established the French East India Company to develop French trade with India. Besides providing information on India for Colbert, Francois Bernier’s observations on sati influenced generations of Europeans. Educated first in physiology and later in medicine at the University of Montpellier, Bernier (1620-1688) considered himself a modern man of science. In 1658 he sailed for Surat on the west coast of India and by March 1659 he joined the entourage of Dara Shukoh, a imperial Mughal prince, as his personal physician and wrote a vivid account of the succession war among Dara Shukoh and his brothers for the Mughal throne. He then produced several long letters about economic conditions and religious and social customs in northern India. The excerpt below is from his letter dated October 4, 1667 to Monsieur Jean Chapelain that is entitled “Describing the Superstitions, strange customs, and Doctrines of the Indous or Gentiles [Hindus] of Hindoustan” “From which it will be seen that there is no Doctrine too strange or too improbable for the Soul of man to conceive.” Colbert had employed Chapelain to draw up a list of authors who should be considered for state pensions. The title and subtitle of this letter indicate that as a scientist, Bernier was highly critical of Hindu religious practices...
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...(Bench Assessment) Heritage assessment Pamela Taylor Grand Canyon University Family Centered Health Promotion Nursing 429 Leslie Minjarez March 18, 2015 (Bench Assessment) Heritage assessment In the seventies, growing up in the inner-city ghetto of Baltimore, Maryland lived in a dilapidated, rat, and roach infested home. In addition, attended public schools, monopoly of corner store that sold unhealthy foods and observing on the streets men shooting dice for money. As nurses, we should be culturally sensitive to our patient’s needs and build a trusting patient-nurse relationship. Today this paper will evaluate the common health traditions and practices based on cultural heritage, compare and contrast cultural practices and traditions and address health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration. Usefulness of Applying a Heritage Assessment Different people from everywhere in the world are generating the population of the United States. (“APHA”, 2007) The purpose of applying a Heritage Assessment is to care for a patient mind, body and spirit with the help of the nursing staff, physicians, and social work. Moreover, a heritage assessment can help a patient’s, or a health practitioner’s to get a better interpretation of national, cultural and spiritual customs. Direct connection with all patient and their families is crucial. These historic practices include a state of harmony between the patient, family, and the community. There...
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...ensure to transfer the tradition to the upcoming generations. The distinguishing civilization, inheritance, and traditions are unique for each nation. The heritage assessment tool helps to differentiate various traditions and heritage of different cultures. Being an Indian my traditional beliefs, customs, and practices pertaining to health are diverse and is specific to each region. Indians are well-known for their endurance and the way they entertain guests unbiased by his/her race, religious beliefs or economic status. People in India especially elderly believe that health and wealth are very much related to mind, body, and soul. Though people seek medical help for aches and other illness of unknown origin, individuals are ashamed to report mental health issues to the medical practitioner and sometimes wait until decisive moments to get assistance from health care personnel (Shapiro, n d). Apart from the western medicine India has a wealth of traditional system of medicine including Ayurveda, Homeopathy, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Acupuncture and Acupressure. Ayurveda also known as “the science of life” deals with multiple aspects of medical system that lay stress on the well-being of body, mind, and soul and is achieved by established and routine daily life, rejuvenating activities, and the usage of yoga (Gordon, Bernadett, Evans, Shapiro, Patel, 2006). Individuals believe in herbal medicine to hasten the healing process. Indian culture is unique and varied...
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...Susan Opino ENG 201-0905 02/27/2016 Paper 1: The Lottery 998 words Whenever we hear about a lottery, the word invokes quite naturally, a sense of hope-the expectations of winning something. Shirley Jackson’s “The Lottery” further confirms the sense of hope in the first few paragraphs. It’s a beautiful summer day, the grass is green, flowers are blooming, kids are playing. But in the ensuing paragraphs, we start to see that something is not quite right in this environment of hope. It is the following of an annual ritual. This is the 77th celebration, which means that they are archaic in some way and rooted in traditions of superstitions that seem to involve crops and human sacrifice. The thoughtless following of rituals in “The Lottery”, is appalling, but not as much as the mindless rituals observed by the modern society. Shirley Jackson’s story, “The Lottery”, is set in a small New England town. The inhabitants are gathered in the the small town square. Its June 27th, on a beautiful summer day. They are in a convivial mood for a yearly ritual, “The Lottery”. Mr. Summers, who seem to be in charge of the the assembly brings forth a black box with hundreds of slips of paper inside. Names of all family members in the town are collected. Bill Hutchinson draws a slip of paper with a dark spot meaning that his family has been chosen. The drawing continues in the second round for each individual family member to draw; regardless of age. After the drawing is over, Tessie Hutchinson...
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...A religion is an organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and world views that relate humanity to an order of existence.[note 1] Many religions have narratives, symbols, and sacred histories that aim to explain the meaning of life, the origin of life, or the Universe. From their beliefs about the cosmos and human nature, people may derive morality, ethics, religious laws or a preferred lifestyle. Many religions may have organized behaviors, clergy, a definition of what constitutes adherence or membership, holy places, and scriptures. The practice of a religion may include rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration (of a deity, gods, or goddesses), sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trances, initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service, or other aspects of human culture. Religions may also contain mythology.[1] The word religion is sometimes used interchangeably with faith or set of duties;[2] however, in the words of Émile Durkheim, religion differs from private belief in that it is "something eminently social".[3] A global 2012 poll reports 59% of the world's population as "religious" and 36% as not religious, including 13% who are atheists, with a 9% decrease in religious belief from 2005.[4] On average, women are "more religious" than men.[5] Some people follow multiple religions or multiple religious principles at the same time, regardless of whether or not the religious principles they follow traditionally...
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...Women in India constitute nearly 50% of its population. According to 1991 census, there were 40.6 crores of women as against 43.7 crores of men. Roughly, there are 929 women for every 1000 men. Man considers woman to be frail and weak by nature. She is shorter and delicate compared to the strongly build man. But man forgets that a woman is made so, so to play a specific fro in nature which a man cannot play, that is the role of the mother. In intelligence both are equal. Man is aggressive and emotional. A woman is patient, calm and receptive. She can bear more pain and has more tolerance than a man. She is stronger in conviction and in perseverance. Yet women all over the world are playing a secondary role only. The position in India is no different. Women were glorified in epics and puranas, for their service to their men. Serving a father first, secondly a husband, and later serving her children and grandchildren, had been her lot. Puranas mention the names of Seeta, Savitri and Anusuya and glorify them for their devote service to their husbands. They even say that a woman can easily get salvation by serving her husband. After Independence the Constitution of India gave equal rights to men and women in all walks of life. But even today one cannot say that all women in India enjoy equal rights with men in all matters. There are many reasons for this (1) the customs and traditions prevalent for centuries, (2) The high percentage of illiteracy among women, (3) Ignorance of...
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...Sikhism * Sikhs believe in one God. He is the same for all people of all religions. * Sikhism teaches equality of all people. Sikhism preaches that people of different races, religions, or sex are all equal in the eyes of God. Sikhism teaches the full equality of men and women. * Sikhism emphasizes daily devotion to the remembrance of God. One should remember God at all times. * Sikhism teaches religious freedom. All people have the right to follow their own path to God without condemnation or coercion from others. * Sikhism emphasizes a moral and ethical life. A Sikh should represent moral responsibility and righteousness. * Sikhism rejects all forms of rituals such as idol worship, pilgrimages, fasting, and superstitions. * Sikhism teaches service to others. The primary task in life should be to help the poor, needy, and oppressed. The Sikhs have a long heritage of speaking out against injustice and for standing up for the defenseless. * Sikhs are supposed to be saints, scholars, and soldiers. * The word Sikh means disciple or student. Sikhs are the disciples of God who follow the writings and teachings of the ten Sikh Gurus. Three Principles of Sikhism Guru Nanak Dev, the first Sikh Guru, taught three fundamental principles: * Kirat Karo - Work hard and honestly * Wand Ke Chhako - Share what you have with the needy * Naam Jappo - Always remember God throughout the day Mool Mantar Mool Mantar is a basic prayer, composed by...
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...prosperous nation. India is a country with innumerable diversities, an entity composed of many communities, races classes, languages and subcultures. In any such nation, there are many obstacles to the achievement of national integration. In India the following hindrances are obstructing the growth of national feeling, casteism, communalism, linguistic fanaticism, social disparity, economic inequalities and immorality, regionalism etc. 1. Casteism: Caste is an imported part of our social fabric. This was developed in the past on the basis of division of labour in the society. But now casteism has segregated the society. Unity and integrity has become a dream in a caste ridden society. The feeling of socially neglected scheduled castes under the suppression of upper caste ruined the sense of we feeling and unity. It becomes a problem for national integration. 2. Communalism: Religions antagonism has posed a i serious challenge to national integration in India. India is a multi- religious land. Political manipulation has projected one religion against the other which resulted in communal riot, bloodbath, mutual, distrust and disintegration of the country. Large scale illiteracy and superstition are responsible along with other causes for raise communalism in the country. It is very difficult to promote national integration under these situations. 3. Linguistic Fanaticism: Multi-linguism is one of the important characters of India. India has fifteen officially...
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...Short Essay on Dowry System in India: In our Indian society there are numerous problems like superstitions, illiteracy, cast system and dowry system, etc. It is surprising that in these days of the 20th century even, we are still drowned in the dark depth of these evils. One of the worst evils of Indian Society is the dowry system. The word ‘dowry’ means the property and money that a bride brings to her husband’s house at the time of her marriage. It is a custom that is prevalent in all the sections of our society in one form or the other. At the beginning it was voluntary, but later on the social pressure was such that very few could escape from it. The dowry at present is a source of both joy and curse in the society. It is also a joy to the husband and his relatives who get cash, costly dress and utensils, furniture, bedding materials, etc. But, it is a curse to the bride’s parents who have to bear enormous cost to satisfy the unreasonable demands of the bridegroom’s party. A demand of dowry does not diminish even after marriage. The in-laws of the bride are very much ready in Indian homes to inflict harassment, insults and tortures-both mental and physical. When more pressure is put on the bride’s parents, their dear daughter has no other option but to commit suicide to avoid more insult and torture at the hands of the members of her husband’s family. Also read: Social Issues in India (causes, effects and solutions) This curse of Dowry System must be eradicated...
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...WORKING OF INDIAN DEMOCRACY More than six decades have passed since India has adopted the democratic form of government. The reason for the adoption was the familiarity of the Indian people with the democracy. The working of Indian democracy is stick to the words of Abraham Lincon about democracy i.e. the government is by the people, of the people and for the people. Elections are the essence of every democratic country. On the basis of number of voters, India is known as the largest democracy of the world. In India elections are held from time to time so that the voters may choose and change their representatives. Voters vote in a free and frank manner so as to register their will in the battle of ballot box. All the citizens irrespective of their caste, colour, creed, language and sex are given right to vote. Our country ensures universal adult franchise to all the citizens. Elections in India are not merely symbolic but they are competitive, periodic, inclusive and definite elections. Indian democracy ensures maximum freedom to press. As public opinion plays very significant role in a democratic society, freedom of press is necessary for the formation of public opinion. Media serves as a connecting link between the people and their representatives in India. No discrimination is allowed on the grounds of religion, caste, colour, creed, place of birth etc. The discrimination that is allowed is the protective discrimination, which is done for the upliftment of weaker sections...
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...An Analysis of Indian Sensibility in Nissim Ezekiel’s Poetry (On the basis of the analysis of Night of the Scorpion, The Patriot, The Professor and Jewish Wedding in Bombay) Nissim Ezekiel is one of the most celebrated poets of the postcolonial Indian literary history. He has wielded great influence as a leading poet, editor and an occasional playwright. He’s applauded for his subtlety in exploring common mundane themes in a comic light. His poetry lacks the nationalistic fervor that was common to the poems released during that time. His poetry objectively analyses the Indian scenario without taking any political stance. He constantly ridicules the Indian sensibilities with hopes of bringing about a change through his words. Ezekiel has strived to create authentic Indian flavor by using ‘Indian English’ in all his poems. He stresses on the common mistakes committed by Indians, such as the usage of the present continuous tense in place of simple present. This is evident in this little excerpt from his poem, The Professor, “We are keeping up. Our progress is progressing. Old values are going, new values are coming. Everything is happening with leaps and bounds.” He ridicules the irony that a professor lacks the command over the language he uses to teach his subject. He also mocks the Indian habit of literal translation of the native language to English with the same structure and tone. This excerpt from “The Patriot” is clearly evident of the same, “How one...
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