...2015 Fast Moving Consumer Goods: IN AFRICA NAME: DENATA BALYAGATI STUDENT NO: 213570712 INTRODUCTION This paper aims at firstly creating an overview of what constitutes as a fast moving consumer goods industry, from which we conduct an analysis for such goods within the African continent in attribution to Unilever; one of the leading fast moving consumer goods companies. Fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) also known as consumer packaged goods (CPG) form one of the biggest industries in the world, there are many facts for this; 1.) Strong companies are behind this industry, they gain dominance through the big brands they establish i.e. products that are recognised and preferred by consumers 2.) The FMCG industry is characterised by fast changes and evolution, this is evident in the pace at which products move in the shelves of retail shops and innovative changes in products themselves 3.) The resilience of the FMCG industry during the recession whilst other company’s weathered is because consumers still need their products for their daily activities 4.) The FMCG industry is focused with offering what consumers want and need these are demands that can never be fully fulfilled because of changing preferences. This guarantees business. (Reckitt Benckiser Group plc, 2015) The rise in the presence of FMCG companies in Africa can be attributed to the fact that nine of the 20 fast growing economies are from the African continent; Mozambique, Zambia, Nigeria to mention but a...
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...TWENTY YEARS ANNIVERSARY of THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF TANZANIA A paper submitted as part of the 20 years commemoration of the OUT Theme: Students’ perception towards ODL Compared to Conventional Mode of Learning Competitor’s name: MUKIIBI, Ibrahiim Current education level: GRADUATE Course offered at OUT: ODDEOL Year of study: I Course duration: 2 YEARS OUT Essay writing competition, 2012 Theme: STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS ODL COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL MODE OF LEARNING 1. Introduction Open and Distance Learning (ODL) has so far proved to be more of a promising and practical strategy than being a stagnant and theoretical strategy especially in the developing world. The more research ODL is given, the more the success attained in addressing the challenges of widening access to education. Consequently, it has most of the time increased participation in especially higher education. The inexistence of structured face-to-face contacts between the students and teachers is the main difference between ODL and ordinary conventional educational delivery methods. Study centres, counselling services and self directed learner-centred instructional materials are some of the main features of ODL, though there is some distinction between open learning and distance education. The main interest here however, is the mode of education where the learner and the tutor...
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...Economic and Financial Outlook in 2015 External Shocks Creating New Opportunities FSDH Research January 2015 Economic and Financial Outlook: 2015-2019 1.0 Global Economic Growth: According to the World Economic Outlook (WEO) Update of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), January 2015 Edition, the global economic growth is forecast at 3.5% and 3.7%, for 2015 and 2016 respectively. The forecasts were reviewed downward by 0.3% The IMF forecasts a global economic growth of 3.5% and 3.7% for 2015 and 2016 respectively. relative to the October 2014 WEO. The revisions reflect a reassessment of prospects in China, Russia, the Euro-area, and Japan as well as the weaker activity in some major oil exporters because of the sharp drop in oil prices. The United States (U.S.) is the only major economy for which growth projections have been raised upward. The IMF added that the global growth will receive a boost from the lower oil prices. However, this boost is projected to be more than offset by the negative factors, including investment weakness as adjustment to diminished expectations about medium-term growth continues in many advanced and emerging market economies. The U.S. is expected to grow by 3.6% in 2015 and slow down to 3.3% in 2016, supported by domestic demand due to lower oil prices, more moderate fiscal adjustment, and The U.S. is expected to grow by 3.6% in 2015 and slow down to 3.3% in 2016. continued support from an accommodative monetary policy stance...
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...second section is about the research methodology, the data analysis and presentation of results leading to limitations and recommendations and a conclusion. A qualitative research design has been used to do the research. These research methods have been used by every researcher in a way or other and quality data has been accumulated to help these researchers to prove their viewpoint either statistically (quantitative) or by subjective analysis of earlier researches or direct observations of the subjects (qualitatively). The data sources used for the literature review for this study are primarily the secondary sources particularly from books, journals, articles published in various scientific periodicals and / or newspapers along with the information gathered from the internet itself using its websites. The study manoeuvres at two levels: The content collected from the social media sites, online chats-and the comment i.e. the straight report of the first-hand by talking to the managers at the AGIP. The dependability of the data is high as the sample size is rather smaller. The report is in the form of a qualitative study where tructured interviews were taken in comfortable and respondent friendly atmosphere. Then...
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...civil society sponsored by February 2010 About ECCR The Ecumenical Council for Corporate Responsibility (ECCR) is a church-based investor coalition and membership organisation working for economic justice, environmental stewardship, and corporate and investor responsibility. ECCR undertakes research, advocacy and dialogue with companies and investors. It seeks to influence company policy and practice and to raise awareness among the British and Irish churches, the investor community and the general public. For more information, please visit www.eccr.org.uk. Acknowledgements ECCR would like to thank the five civil society organisations that contributed case studies based on their work in the Niger Delta; Cordaid for generously sponsoring the report; members, partners and independent experts who advised, read and commented on the text before publication; Royal Dutch Shell Plc and Shell Petroleum Development Corporation of Nigeria for providing company information and commenting on the text. Cover photo credits: Friends of the Earth International; IRIN/UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs; Milieudefensie/Friends of the Earth Netherlands; Stakeholder Democracy Network. Disclaimers ECCR has commissioned and published these case studies as a contribution to public understanding. The text has undergone a careful process of fact-checking and review to achieve accuracy and balance. Nevertheless, the views expressed in the case studies do not necessarily represent in...
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...economic pyramid with a purchasing power of US$2,000 per year or less. Prahalad and colleagues have proposed that these low-income consumers represent great potential but require a unique mix of pricing, promotion, low cost delivery, and effective communication in order to successfully reach.3 The key to selling to BOP consumers is that an MNC strategy be affordable, accessible, and socially driven. Nokia is one company that is taking this perspective seriously. Business interest in BOP markets is rising. Multinational companies have been leaders in this trend, especially in food and consumer products. And large national companies have also taken a leadership role, proving to be among the most innovative in meeting the needs of BOP consumers and producers, especially in such sectors as housing, agriculture, consumer goods, and financial services. And small start-ups and social entrepreneurs focusing on BOP markets are rapidly growing in number. But perhaps the strongest and most dramatic BOP leadership success story is mobile telephony.4 The Global ICT Market The measured BOP market for ICT—information and communication technologies and the services they provide—is $30.5 billion for Africa (11 countries), Asia (9), Eastern Europe (6), and Latin America and the Caribbean (9). This represents annual household ICT spending in the 35 lowand middle-income...
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...economic pyramid with a purchasing power of US$2,000 per year or less. Prahalad and colleagues have proposed that these low-income consumers represent great potential but require a unique mix of pricing, promotion, low cost delivery, and effective communication in order to successfully reach.3 The key to selling to BOP consumers is that an MNC strategy be affordable, accessible, and socially driven. Nokia is one company that is taking this perspective seriously. Business interest in BOP markets is rising. Multinational companies have been leaders in this trend, especially in food and consumer products. And large national companies have also taken a leadership role, proving to be among the most innovative in meeting the needs of BOP consumers and producers, especially in such sectors as housing, agriculture, consumer goods, and financial services. And small start-ups and social entrepreneurs focusing on BOP markets are rapidly growing in number. But perhaps the strongest and most dramatic BOP leadership success story is mobile telephony.4 The Global ICT Market The measured BOP market for ICT—information and communication technologies and the services they provide—is $30.5 billion for Africa (11 countries), Asia (9), Eastern Europe (6), and Latin America and the Caribbean (9). This represents annual household ICT spending in the 35 lowand middle-income...
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...Enriching Life Through Communication Huawei Investment & Holding Co., Ltd. Corporate Sustainability Report 2011 Report Profile Reporting Period: January 1 to December 31, 2011 Date of Most Recent Previous Report: June 2011 Reporting Cycle: Annual Defining Report Content Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) principles such as materiality, stakeholder inclusiveness, sustainability context, and completeness, were used in this report to analyze key sustainability-related issues in business operations and identify major stakeholders. Huawei Investment & Holding Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “the company” or “Huawei”) hired a third-party organization to survey stakeholders and collect information on stakeholder expectations and requirements. Huawei’s CSR Committee studied, assessed, and selected the key items and indicators disclosed in this report. The performance indicators and management approaches discussed in this report cover all entities that Huawei either has control of or a significant influence over in terms of financial and operational policies and measures. These same performance indicators and management approaches are also consistent with the scope of Huawei’s annual financial report. Report Assurance Method Core indicators and additional indicators from the GRI G3.0 Guidelines were applied to compile the report and the application level is B+. To ensure the reliability, fairness, and transparency of this report, Huawei engaged TÜV Rheinland to verify...
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...European Union Nigerian Energy Support Programme (NESP) The Nigerian Energy Sector An Overview with a Special Emphasis on Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Rural Electrification 2nd Edition, June 2015 Implemented by 2 Acknowledgements This report on the Nigerian energy sector was compiled as part of the Nigerian Energy Support Programme (NESP). NESP is implemented by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH and funded by the European Union and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ). The authors would like to thank the GIZ Nigeria team for having entrusted this highly relevant subject to GOPA- International Energy Consultants GmbH, and for their extensive and dedicated inputs and guidance provided during implementation. The authors express their gratitude to all project partners who provided particularly valuable and interesting insights into ongoing activities during the course of the project. It was a real pleasure and a great help to exchange ideas and learn from highly experienced management and staff and committed representatives of this programme. How to Read Citations Bibliography is cited by [Author; Year]. Where no author could be identified, we used the name of the institution. The Bibliography is listed in Chapter 10. Websites (internet links) are cited with a consecutive numbering system [1], [2], etc. The Websites are listed in Chapter 11. 3 Imprint Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft...
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...____________________________________________________________________ PROGRAMME HANDBOOK ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ JANUARY 2016 INTAKE ____________________________________________________________________ Copyright© 2016 THE MANAGEMENT COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN AFRICA All rights reserved, no part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, including photocopying machines, without the written permission of the publisher 1 MANCOSA: POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. WELCOME 1.1 MESSAGE FROM THE PRINCIPAL 1.2 MESSAGE FROM THE OFFICE OF THE DEAN 3 4 INTRODUCTION TO MANCOSA 2.1 BRIEF HISTORY OF MANCOSA 2.2 PROGRAMME OFFERINGS 2.3 ACADEMIC MANAGEMENT 4 5 5 3. THE MANCOSA VISION 6 4. THE MANCOSA MISSION 6 5. POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME STRUCTURE 5.1 OVERALL PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES 5.2 PROGRAMME FOCUS 5.3 MODULE DESCRIPTIONS 2. 6. PROGRAMME ADMINISTRATION 6.1 PROGRAMME MANAGEMENT 6.2 FINANCE 6.2.1 FEE PAYMENT 6.2.2 PAYMENT OF FEES AND OTHER DUES 6.2.3 PAYMENT PLANS 6.2.4 ADDITIONAL FEES/CHARGES 6.2.5 REGISTRATION SPECIFIC/INCOMPLETE MODULES ...
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...Impact of Nigeria's Bilateral Investment Agreements in Oil and Gas on the Right to Health and the Right to a Healthy Environment: A Case Study of the Niger Delta” Full Name of Student (Your student registration number) A XXXXXXXXXXX DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENT OF DEGREE OF XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX UNIVERITY Declaration I hereby declare that research thesis is my original work and has never been used presented for any degree or diploma in any university or institution. Where material is obtained from published or unpublished works, this has been fully acknowledged by citation in the main text and inclusion in the list of references. Table of Contents Declaration 2 Table of Contents 3 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 11 1.1 Background of the study 11 1.2 Statement of the Problem 27 1.2 Research Aims 29 1.3 Research Objectives 30 1.4 Research Questions 31 1.5 Justification of the Research 32 1.6 Research Methodology 42 1.6.2 Research design 45 1.6.2 Target population 45 1.6.3 Sampling 46 1.6.4 Data collection 46 1.6.5 Data presentation 46 1.7 Definition of terms 46 1.8.2 Environment 47 1.8.3 The right to health and the right to a healthy environment...
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...A State Intervention Approach to International Trade and the Right to Health in the Crude Oil and Natural Gas Sector of Nigeria Table of Contents A State Intervention Approach to International Trade and the Right to Health in the Crude Oil and Natural Gas Sector of Nigeria 1 Chapter 1 General Introduction 6 1.1. Background 6 1.1.1. Definitions 14 1.1.2. Trade Liberalization 14 1.1.3. International Trade Law 15 1.1.4. Right to Health 16 1.1.5. Human Right Laws 17 1.2. Research Questions 18 1.3. Justification of the Research 21 1.4. Research Objectives 30 1.5. Research Methodology 31 1.6. Research Structure 37 Chapter 2 Theoretical Framework and Literature Review 40 2.1. Introduction 40 2.2. International Trade Rules and Protection of People’s Right to Health 41 2.2.1. Sources of International Trade Rules 41 2.2.2. Trade Liberalization and the Protection of the Right to Health 44 2.3. Scope of the Right to Health 54 2.4. Brief Overview of State Intervention Theory 59 2.5. States Duty towards the Fulfilment of the Right to Health 65 2.6. Legislative and Institutional Regulations Protecting the Right to Health in Nigeria 73 2.6.1. The International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 1966 76 2.6.2. The African Charter on Human and People’s Rights (ACHPR) 78 2.6.3. The International Health Regulations, 2005 81 2.6.4. The Nigerian Constitution 82 2.7. Conclusion 83 Chapter...
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...Insight Report The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015 Klaus Schwab, World Economic Forum Insight Report The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015 Full Data Edition Professor Klaus Schwab World Economic Forum Editor Professor Xavier Sala-i-Martín Columbia University Chief Advisor of The Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network © 2014 World Economic Forum World Economic Forum Geneva The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015: Full Data Edition is published by the World Economic Forum within the framework of The Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network. Copyright © 2014 by the World Economic Forum Professor Klaus Schwab Executive Chairman All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise without the prior permission of the World Economic Forum. Professor Xavier Sala-i-Martín Chief Advisor of The Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network Espen Barth Eide Managing Director and Member of the Managing Board ISBN-13: 978-92-95044-98-2 ISBN-10: 92-95044-98-3 Jennifer Blanke Chief Economist This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. THE GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS AND BENCHMARKING NETWORK Margareta Drzeniek Hanouz, Head of the Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network and...
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...WOMEN DEVELOPMENT AND NATIONAL POLICY ON WOMEN IN NIGERIA Olubunmi Aderemi Sokefun Abstract This paper discusses the document on women in Nigeria (National Policy on Women). Several past administrations in this country have treated women issues and affairs with calculated levity: Carefully side - tracking or blatantly refusing to accord it the necessary attention. It is now a thing to gladden the hearts of all women of Nigeria that, "after four attempts by four former heads of Nigeria's Government," Chief Obasanjo's administration finally granted government recognition to women's issues in this country. The official document .on Human Rights' issues as it relates to Nigerian women; this document is known as the NATIONAL POLICY ON WOMEN. This paper therefore focuses on the document which promises to bring delight to the heart of every woman in this country. Introduction When late Mrs. Olufunmilayo Ransome Kuti joined the vanguard team as the only nationalist and activist during the early struggle for Nigerian independence, hardly did .anybody realize then that she had a dream, a clear vision of a future Nigerian woman, that vision was crystal clear in her heart, and like a pivot, it stood firmly on three stand posts-known today as women's rights, women emancipation and women empowerment.. . Mrs. Olufunmilayo Ransome-Kuti later joined by some educated women of like minds, fought daringly and relentlessly for these three .pivotal goals of women emergency and relevance in the socio-political...
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...growth rate of Malaysia. Get trend of consumption expenditure in percentage of GDP in Malaysia. Research and development factors of Malaysia. Technological factors of Malaysia. Get trend of growth of population rate in Malaysia. Get trend of unemployment rate in Malaysia. Get trend of savings and consumption as well as investment and expenditure in percentage in GDP of Malaysia. BENEFITS OF PESTEL ANALYSIS IN MALAYSIA Political section on Malaysia provides get the information about the whole political system governors indicators and all key figures in the country. From economic section we get all outlines of the economics stories of the country and is provides balanced between assessments on core macro economical issues. In social section of Malaysia country it enables understanding of consumer demographics by the income distribution, rural market and urban market segmentation health care and education scenario in country. Technological section provides all strategies information...
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