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Synthesis of Acetylsalicylic Acid

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MACROSCALE SYNTHESIS OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID
1Alleyromae O. Indong, 2Aldrin M. Pragacha, 3Vince Neil B. Balaguer
1Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Sta. Mesa, Manila, Philippines
Date Performed: December 3, 6, 2014
Date Submitted: December 17, 2014

Abstract

Acetylsalicylic acid or Aspirin is an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent. It was synthesized to alter the corrosive nature of Salicylic acid that causes gastric pain in the mouth and esophagus. Aspirin can be synthesized by the reaction of Salicylic acid with acetic anhydride and 85% Phosphoric acid as the catalyst when heated in a water bath at 90°C. The formation of white crystals after scratching the solution and after cooling in an ice bath indicates the presence of the product formed after the reaction. Solubility test with water and toluene, melting point determination by oil bath and thin layer chromatography by different kinds of solvents such as 10%EA in DCM, 30%EA in DCM, 10% hexane in EA and 10% DCM in Acetone are confirmatory tests for the presence of Acetylsalicylic acid. Thin layer chromatography is an analytical technique to determine the identity of the substances and to determine the effectiveness of purification.
Keywords: Acetylsalicylic acid, solubility test, melting point, thin layer chromatography Introduction

Acetylsalicylic acid, commonly called “aspirin” is an analgesic, an antipyretic and an anti-inflammatory agent. Aspirin was synthesized by Charles Gerdhadt but was patented to the Bayer Company by Felix Hoffman. It was synthesized to alter the corrosive nature of salicylic acid that causes gastric pain in the mouth and esophagus attacking the mucous membrane, which was intended to cure not to worsen the pain. It contains not less than 99.5 percent of 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid. Aspirin is a

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