...Conventional wisdom suggests that technology can only benefit its recipients, and not harm them in any way. Technological advances seek to improve the efficiency of human work production so that more can be done with less time. For example, the invention of the calculator improved the speed of problem solving in mathematics. Technology makes everyday life less complicated and more convenient, for those who have access to said technology. The introduction of the Smartphone is another prime example of technology at what many users consider its best. Some Smartphones function as diminutive computers because they carry out the same tasks as many home computers and laptops. A Smartphone with internet capability gives the owner the power to check email, browse the web, and remain updated with important business news, such as stock values. However, as optimistic as many technology-users sound, the advances have slowly given rise to an era where computers and artificial intelligence dominate the labor force in the world today. Artificial intelligence, as engineers and developers continue to enhance its capabilities, stands a chance of outperforming the human mind. John Markoff’s article in The New York Times, “A Fight to Win the Future: Computers vs. Humans,” offers an interesting account of how machines that are able to think on their own are slowly dispensing with the human workforce. If we as a society continue to grow and depend on the technology around us, jobs in the future for...
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...all the technological developments of the modern age, none is as complex as artificial intelligence. The idea that a non-human, manufactured entity could advance to a point of emulating human behavior is enough to make people shiver. The idea of something so advanced that we will not be able to tell the difference may be even worse. In 1961 Philip Dick wrote Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?. It portrayed a world with these exact characteristics. Artificial Intelligence had advanced to a point of near-perfect human replication. In creating this world, Dick was echoing the speculations and fears of a.i. that had build up by that time. It would then continue to influence those opinions in the years after. It is necessary to look at the development of artificial intelligence in order to put this idea into context. The concept of intelligent and aware constructs began to emerge in the 1950s and 60s as several scientists in many fields came together to discuss the possibilities of advanced computer research. The first major step was a scientific conference at Dartmouth College in 1956. Here, the general concepts and possible paths of research for a.i. were fleshed out. As described in Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, this conference was “the birth of artificial intelligence.” This was mostly a theoretical stage yet attending experts predicted that with a huge investment, working technology could be available in a generation (16). After being officially established,...
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...application in life. I believed I learned from the best. Thank you to my friends and especially to the sisters in my dormitory who are always there for me in my ups and downs in life. You guys made my life extra special. Lastly, I give thanks to the Almighty God for being there for me. This project will never exist if you weren’t here for me. Gracias! Table of Contents I. Introduction 4 II. Computers, Robots, and Artificial Intelligence 5 a. Computer 6 b. Artificial Intelligence and Robots 7 III. Information Age and Information Society 8 a. Knowledge 9 b. Global mind 10 c. Global brain 11 IV. The Machine and the Machine of Mind 12 a. The Machines of Mind 13 b. The Most Human Mind of Machines 14 V. Conclusion 16 I. Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of intelligent machines that work and react like humans. Some of the activities computers with artificial intelligence are designed for include: speech recognition, learning, planning and problem solving. Artificial intelligence is a...
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...CS 771 Artificial Intelligence Introduction to AI Outline • • • • Course overview What is AI? A brief history State of the Art Course overview • • • • • • • • • • • • • Intro to AI (chapter 1) Intelligent agents (chapter 2) Goal based agents and uninformed search(chapter 3.1-3.4) Informed Search : A* (chapter 3.5-3.6) Beyond classical search (chapter 4) Adversarial search alpha-beta pruning (chapter 5) Constraint satisfaction problem (chapter 6) Midterm 1 (chapter 1, 2, 3,4,5,6) Logical agents and propositional logic (chapter 7) First-order logic (chapter 8) Inference in first order logic (chapter 9) Midterm 2 (chapter 7, 8, 9) Quantifying uncertainty (chapter 13) Probabilistic reasoning using Bayes net (chapter 14) Probabilistic reasoning over time (chapter 15) Where is AI in Computer Science? Computer science : problem solving using computers • Computer Architecture and Operating System study how to build good computers. • Computation and Complexity Theory study what can be computed, what cannot be computed, i.e., the limits of different computing devices. • Programming Languages study how to use computers conveniently and efficiently. • Algorithms and Data Structures study how to solve popular computation problems efficiently. • Artificial Intelligence is relevant to any intellectual tasks, e.g., playing chess, proving mathematical theorems, writing poetry, driving a car on a crowded street, diagnosing diseases ...
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...Artificial Intelligence Vs Humanity: Why we should think about the threat of Artificial Intelligence? Artificial Intelligence is definitely a touchy subject for the human race. The very mention of the term conjures up images of apocalyptic societies where intelligent super-computers have either enslaved the human race or eradicated the inferior species altogether. For some, the connotation of "artificial intelligence" attacks the very core of the human spirit, the pride of our race. The very thought of an "intelligent" computer that is on par, or more likely superior, to our own brain sends chills down the spine. Are these concerns realistic? Or are they unfounded worries of people who don't understand the issue? Some proponents of artificial intelligence insist that such concerns are the result of semantic misunderstanding. By definition, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the area of computer science focusing on creating machines that can engage on behaviors that humans consider intelligent ("Artificial Intelligence”, Herzfeld Noreen). The ability to create intelligent machines has intrigued humans since ancient times and today with the advent of the computer and 50 years of research into AI programming techniques, the dream of smart machines is becoming a reality (Nonlinear Science and Complexity, M. Marques). Researchers are creating systems which can mimic human thought, understand speech, beat the best human chess player, and countless other feats never before possible...
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...easier to understand due to the way it was simply and short written. In Robotic surgery just got more autonomous it speaks about how Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot (STAR) performs surgery. The autonomous robotic surgery may one day take human error out of the operating room, improving care for patients undergoing bowel surgery, tumor removal, and other soft tissue surgery. The articles I chose from ITT Virtual Library to read are as follows The Rise of Intelligent Machines PART 2. The most detailed article is the increasing use of artificial intelligence such as self-driving cars, robots, and autonomous machines. In the other hand the article Attitudes to climate the potential benefits and risk of self-driving cars, how robots transform the manufacturing industry in the U.S., such as aircraft manufacturer Boeing Co., and the revolution in military technology. In The Rise of Intelligent Machines PART 2 it speaks about how smart the artificial-intelligence revolution is: Self-driving cars are a reality (and far safer than human drivers), war is being outsourced to robots, and surgery will be performed by autonomous machines — and this is only the beginning. The strengths in follows Robotic surgery just got more autonomous article is...
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...Model: Evaluating industry attractiveness 1. Bargaining power of customers (Power of buyers to decrease price) 2. Bargaining power of suppliers (Power of suppliers to increase price) 3. Rivalry of competitors 4. Threat of new entrants 5. Threat of new substitutes (Power of customers to purchase alternatives) Apple Case and Class Discussion Which of Porter’s Five Forces did Apple address through its introduction of the iPhone? * Strong Supplier Power; Customers have low buyer power * Apple would’ve gone bankrupt if not for iPhone. * Their strategic model consists of Narrow Market & High Cost Competitive Advantages Competitive Intelligence: Process of gathering information about the competitive environment to improve the company’s ability to succeed Competitive Intelligence Tools: Porter’s Five Forces Model – Refer Above Porter’s 3 Generic Strategies (Marketing and Sales Strategy, IT Strategy, Supply Chain Strategy) Porter’s Value Chain Analysis – (SUPPORT ACTIVITIES: Firm Infrastructure, Human Resource MGT, R&D, Procurement). (PRIMARY: Raw Materials, Making product, Delivering Product, Market & Sell, Service After Sale). -----------ALL MAKE UP VALUE ADDED------------- Porter’s Generic Strategies Organizations follow one of these strategies when entering a new market: Broad Market and Low Cost Broad Market and High Cost Narrow Market and Low Cost Narrow Market and High Cost | Low-Cost | High-Cost | Broad Market...
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...MBA Essentials Information Technology for Strategic, Competitive Advantage Virginia Franke Kleist, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Division of MIS/Management Welcome to the Technology Part of the Program • How are you using information technology (IT) today in your firms and businesses? • How successful has this been for your firm? • Do you have problems that are still unresolved with Information Technology? • Can IT give competitive advantage, anyway? • How can one identify which technologies will best give strategic advantage? MBA Essentials Session X Information Resources Management 2 Contact Information • • • • • • Virginia Franke Kleist, Ph.D. Virginia.kleist@mail.wvu.edu www.be.wvu.edu/divmim/mgmt/kleist 304-293-7939 I welcome your comments and contacts! Several drawings are adapted from Laudon and Laudon, (2005), Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, New Jersey: Prentice Hall (8th ed.). • Some material adapted from Burgelman, Christensen and Wheelwright, (2004), Strategic Management of Technology and Innovation, Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin (4th ed.). MBA Essentials Session X Information Resources Management 3 MBA Essentials Session X Information Resources Management 4 MBA Essentials Session X Information Resources Management 5 What will we learn? • Strategic advantage from information technology • Latest information technologies • How do you successfully select, implement...
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...successful. He has always taken on unique challenges, the likes of which other film makers would run away from, as is evident from movies like Jaws, Jurassic park and Artificial Intelligence. As is also evident from Spielberg’s work are his innovation and what he has added to global cinema. The scope of his film making at times cannot be put into words. For instance he is one of the pioneers of CGI (computer generated imagery), a prime example of these are his films like ‘Jurassic Park’ and ‘E.T the extraterrestrial’. He made such movies at a time, when computer generated graphics were merely a source of comic relief, and looked very fake and cheap. He actually, made incredibly good use of the, at the time limited technology available to him and made it look good, realistic and appealing on screen. Spielberg has also been a pioneer in the sense that he has always looked to make unique films, i.e. topics that haven’t been tapped before and his work does not stick to any particular genre. For example his array of work includes movies like ‘Jurassic Park’, ‘Saving Private Ryan’, ‘Indiana Jones’, ‘War of the Worlds’, ‘E.T’, ‘Jaws’ and ‘Tintin’. So he has been exploring through various categories like Action, Science fiction, Adventure, Drama etc. Producing some movies where it is Man vs. Beast, Man vs. Nature or Man vs. Man. He makes use of a very dramatic shooting style in his films, which have also won multiple awards over the years, which reflects his phenomenal success over the...
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...to solve problems in a fashion similar to the expert. The system can assist the expert during problem-solving, or act in the place of the expert in those situations where the expertise is lacking. Expert systems have been developed in such diverse areas as science, engineering, business, and medicine. In these areas, they have increased the quality, efficiency, and competitive leverage of the organizations employing the technology. Introduction : Expert system technology has captured the interest of professionals in a number of fields in recent years. Systems have been developed in such diverse areas as science, engineering, business, and medicine. Almost every professional and computer society currently has a special interest group for expert systems technology. This widespread interest can be attributed to the ability of the expert system to aid various organizations in solving practical, real-world problems. Expert system is an off spring of artificial intelligence. Al is the study of developing computer Programs which exhibit human-like intelligence. Early Al researchers focused on such problems as game theory, robotic control, and vision systems. these studies showed that reasoning alone is not a sufficient measurement of intelligent behavior, but rather, one had to have a rich set of knowledge with which to reason. It was also determined that the problem needed to be well-focused, using only the...
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...Sandy Hosch 10 June 2015 Table of Contents: Section 1: Information Systems Overview…………………………………………………….1 Organization Overview……………………………………………………………..1 Process for New Systems or Software.......................................................................1 IT Job Functions………………………………………………………………….....2 Determining Effectiveness…………………………………………………………..2 Section 2: Information Systems Concepts………………………………………………….....4 Overview……………………………………………………………………………..4 LAN vs. WAN………………………………………………………………………..4 Wi-Fi………………………………………………………………………………….5 Telecommuting……………………………………………………………………….5 Section 3: Business Information Systems………………………………………………………7 Overview……………………………………………………………………………..7 Transaction Processing Systems……………………………………………………7 Management Information Systems…………………………………………………8 Decision Support Systems…………………………………………………………..8 Artificial Intelligence………………………………………………………………..9 Section 4: System Development………………………………………..………………..……10 Overview…………………………………………………………………..…...…..10 Waterfall Method…………………………………………………….……………10 Prototype Method…………………………………………………………………10 System Design………………………………………………………….…………..11 Section 5: Information Systems and Society…………………………………………………13 Section 1: Information System Overview Organization Overview USA is a medium size credit union that was founded in 1948 and has grown to over half million...
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...INFO 101 / ILP104 FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS An Introduction to Information Systems (IS) W eek 1 - Lecture Notes (Chapter 1 of text book) Contents Concepts of Information System s (IS) Com ponents of an IS Data vs Inform ation Characteristics of Valuable Information What is a System ? What is a Model ? Com puter-Based IS (CBIS) Technology Infrastructure Business Inform ation System s (BIS) Special-Purpose BIS 1 Concepts of Information Systems (IS) IS are ev erywhere! e.g ? ATM ¨ cash withdrawal / deposit, check balance, transfer m oney to another A/c ? Internet ¨ online trading, searching, etc.. ? Touch N Go system, Movie Ticketing System ? HandPhone, PDA, ? scanners, bar codes,etc.. ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ Can we live without IS ??? What is an IS ? - a s et of interr elat ed c om pon ents th at c ollect, manipu late, an d diss emin at e dat a/inf orm ation an d pr ovide a f eedback m ech anism t o m eet an objective. Com pon ent s of an IS collect manipulate disseminate f eedback Components of an IS ? Input (I/P) ¨ the activity of collecting, capturing or gathering of raw data. E.g to produce a paycheck for an em ployee ? No. of hours work, h ourly r at e ¨ can be m anual or autom atic ¨ input device i.e. scanner, keyboard etc.. 2 Components of an IS ¡ c o n t¡ ? Process ¨ the activity of manipulating, converting or transforming data into useful outputs. ¨ involves calculations...
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...Catherine Gilpin AC1109856 AN310 Assignment 5 11/15/11 “Technology and the family” / “Technology and social change” “Communication will change our lives” by Graham T.T. Molitor, promotes and agrees with new, advanced technology. Graham thinks that its advancements over the years has improved and eased the work load on people. Vs.”The effects on family and communication” by Dr.J.A Lueck, argues that the impact of technology can and has troubled families and the work force. (Molitor, 2003) (Lueck, 1998) I personally believe technology has its pros and cons. Technology does make communication easier, but it can cause miss communication. Face to face is always the best while communicating. In today’s society many juveniles are glued to their cell phones as my own thirteen year old is. He would rather text me then to walk into the other room to talk to me. This causes lack of communication in a family. Teens will go to the internet for information that they should be getting from their parents. Technology can be wonderful when used with respect but can be disastrous when misused as many people do. Graham T.T. Molitor feels technology has affected families in many ways successfully. He has proposed computers and other devises have taking the place of personal assistants, as they can handle a vast growing range of activities. Molitor believes problems that once required armies of people working their entire lifetimes to solve now can...
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...and Associated Issues 7 Section 3: Business Information Systems 9 Management Information Systems 9 Transaction Processing Systems 10 Decision Support Systems and Artificial Intelligence 11 Transforming Data to Information and Information to Knowledge 11 Section 4: System Development 13 Waterfall Model 13 Prototype Model 14 Section5: Information Systems and Society 15 Approaches Hackers Use to Steal Data 15 Preventing Hackers From Stealing Data 16 References 18 Section 1: Information Systems Overview MDHS: Program Selection and Job Functions The Mississippi Department of Human Services is an organization whose sole purpose is to assist and serve the residents of Mississippi. The services range from offering nutrition assistance through Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and employment assistance through the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) to offering support for families and children. There are many different programs that are offered through programs in specific departments. Each department uses specific computer resources to assist the clients within their respective counties. It is important that the systems used by the department are encrypted, effective, and user friendly. These resources (systems) are managed by the state’s Information Technology Specialists in the IT department. This department focuses solely on the selection and functioning of the computer databases. Programs, especially ones containing much personal...
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...talk about different designs for successful agents—filling in the question mark in Figure 2.1. We discuss some of the general principles used in the design of agents throughout the book, chief among which is the principle that agents should know things. Finally, we show how to couple an agent to an environment and describe several kinds of environments. 2.2 HOW AGENTS SHOULD ACT RATIONAL AGENT A rational agent is one that does the right thing. Obviously, this is better than doing the wrong thing, but what does it mean? As a first approximation, we will say that the right action is the one that will cause the agent to be most successful. That leaves us with the problem of deciding how and when to evaluate the agent’s success. Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, c 1995 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 31 32 Chapter 2. Intelligent Agents sensors percepts environment actions ? agent effectors Figure 2.1 Agents interact with environments through sensors and effectors....
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