...Over-the-Counter Birth Control Stephanie Myers BCOM/275 September 23, 2013 Jacqueline Crawford Over-the-Counter Birth Control In the fussing over the sale of emergency contraception over-the-counter, it is easy to forget that there is another contraception drug that should be available over-the-counter but is not: the birth control pill. Oral contraceptives are basically the same drug as Plan B, but in smaller doses. Over-the-counter birth control should be readily available to women. There are many health risks to teenagers who get pregnant. It is commonly known that teen pregnancies occur with lower income, drug abuse, and high school drop-outs. From a sensible point-of-view, the financial hardships that teen pregnancy places on the health care system at large are enormous. It is ridiculous to say that birth control will encourage sexual activity; people will have sex regardless of their access to birth control. It is foolish for people to think they can demand that Americans go by their moral standard of waiting until marriage to have sex. We have to educate teenagers to the risks of unprotected sex, but it is ultimately up to them how they handle their bodies. When will men in government and men in the church stop telling women how to take care of their bodies. Women know how to take care of themselves. This would also cut down on the number of women seeking abortions. Young females should be making their decisions based on their own emotional...
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...Educating Youth on Teen Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention In today’s society it seems that sex education is still a taboo subject amongst youth. The lack of education contributes to the high rate of teen pregnancy and STD rate ("Planned Parenthood Action Center", 2012). Teens in the United States have the highest rate of teenage pregnancy in the world ("Planned Parenthood Action Center", 2012). With the amount of technology and resources readily available this should not be. In educating youth better about sex and teen pregnancy will help cut down the risks of unwanted pregnancies and contracting Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Sex education amongst youth is important because the more educated they are the less likely they are to make uneducated decisions. In the United States of America seventy five thousand teenagers will become pregnant this year ("Planned Parenthood Action Center", 2012). According to the “U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention”(2012), more than three million teenage girls will have a sexually transmitted disease or infection. There has to be more that can be done as a society to help this. These statistics do not even include the teenage boys who contract Sexually Transmitted Diseases and impregnate a female. However the peer pressure factor has also become an issue amongst the teenage boys. Abstinence is often looked at negatively thus making it uncool. Reassuring them with education and some good solid support...
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..._________________________________________________Abortion should not be legal and must be stopped. Laws have never stopped abortion, but only made it unsafe for women. Abortion is a universal practice that has been with us since the beginning of time, whether legal or illegal. _________________________________________________Most Canadians believe that abortion should be illegal. The majority rules in a democracy. About 78% of Canadians believe that abortion is a private matter between a woman and her doctor. Human rights are guaranteed for everyone and are not subject to the whim of the electorate. Even if only a minority believed in freedom of choice, that right should be protected from the tyranny of the majority. _________________________________________________Pro-life is pro-family. Pro-abortionists are anti-family. Abortion destroys the family. Legal abortion helps parents limit their families to the number of children they want and can afford. This strengthens and stabilizes the family unit. Therefore, pro-choice is pro-child and pro-family. Anti-abortion laws can cause stress and hardship for families with insufficient resources to raise unwanted children. Families with unwanted children often consist of a child and her child, living at the lowest levels of society. _________________________________________________The right of the unborn to live supersedes any right of a woman to "control her own body." Margaret Sanger said, "No woman can call herself free who does not own and control her own body." This...
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...Teenage pregnancy is a huge issue and shows like Teen Mom on MTV tend to glamorize teen pregnancy rather than help show ways of prevention. We should be teaching our kids about contraception and abstinence rather than showing them that becoming a teen mom could get you a television show. One would think that the harsh realities shown on MTV’s Teen Mom would help lower the teen pregnancy rate. But do they? Does this show send a confusing message to teen girls? (http://www.sheknows.com/parenting/articles/819328/Are-we-glamorizing-teen-moms) Teen Mom is a reality television show that follows the lives of four young girls as they share their struggles through motherhood with the world. Teen Mom first aired in December 2009 and has gone on for several seasons. We know these teens by name; Farrah, Maci, Catelynn, Amber, Janelle, Leah, Chelsea, and Kailyn. These ladies are the stars of Teen Mom, Season 1 and Season 2. We see them pretty much everywhere we look; on TV, on the covers of magazines, and entertainment blogs. The bad decisions these young teens made have been rewarded with fame and attention. (http://www.sheknows.com/parenting/articles/819328/Are-we-glamorizing-teen-moms) It is shocking to me that this show has lasted this long because I personally believe that the series glamorizes and encourages teen pregnancy for fame. Some teenagers are smart enough to learn from these young ladies mistakes and make mature decisions. Unfortunately, there are also teen girls who get pregnant...
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...TEENAGE PREGNANCY In their research, Melissa Schettini Kearney of the University of Maryland and Phillip B. Levine of Wellesley College controlled for just about everything: welfare benefits, abortion restrictions, health insurance, federal abstinence programs, unemployment, religion, race, political persuasion, rates of incarceration, "anything that you would think would affect decision-making," The researchers had found something that allowed them to move from correlation to causation. Poverty and hopelessness are the main reasons teens might decide to have a child out of wedlock; they are the main reasons they drop out of school and the economic mainstream.Teen pregnancy is a symptom of poverty, not a cause, the researchers found. They are not poor because they had babies as teens. They are just still poor. As a matter of fact, teens in poverty who do not have children do not have significantly better outcomes as a result, the researchers found."They choose nonmarital motherhood at a young age instead of investing in their own economic progress because they feel they have little chance of advancement,".The CDC report found that Mississippi had the highest teen pregnancy rate, and New Hampshire had the lowest. You might conclude that is because there are more poor people in Mississippi than there are in New Hampshire. But the reason for the difference is not as simple as that.It is not the number of poor, nor the vast space between the very rich and the very poor, that...
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...artificial and medically induced. Abortion in the United States was illegal in most states until it was made officially legal throughout the country following the United States Supreme Court ruling of Roe v. Wade on January 22, 1973. The case involved a single, pregnant woman named Jane Roe who wanted to have an abortion. During that time, the only way to get an abortion was through illegal and unsafe means that could endanger her life. Jane Roe wanted to have an abortion which would be performed by a licensed physician so that it would be under safe and clinical conditions. Roe claimed that by denying her request to have an abortion performed by a licensed physician, the state of Texas is abridging her right of personal privacy which should be protected by the five amendments of the constitution namely; First, Fourth, Fifth, Ninth and Fourteenth Amendment Ð and that because of this, she would sue in behalf of all other women. One of...
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...Pro-Life and Pro-Choice. Pro-life supporters feel that abortion should be illegal with the exception of rape, incest or the instance where the birth threatens the mothers’ life, where Pro-Choice supporters feel that it is the women’s choice, and not anyone else’s. There really is no ethical way for one to decide between one side and another; it is up to the person’s moral values to decide for them. As many as 60% of Americans feel it should be left up to the woman to decide her own fate, with certain restrictions of how and when an abortion can be performed (Guttmacher, 2012). While this topic is often a two sided debate, the abortion controversy is quite multifaceted, which involves complex speculation of biology, ethics and a woman’s constitutional rights. Even though everyone has a choice, abortion is not right because its murder and it has several negative side effects on a person who has an abortion such as depression and guilt, along with several medical side effects. Women who have an abortion are at a greater risk for breast cancer as well as the chance that they may not be able to conceive in the future. Most abortionists do not even consider asking for a medical history before performing an abortion, and when someone is already at risk for breast cancer, this heightens that chance. After a woman has more than one abortion, her chance for miscarriages in the future is greater, as well as pre-mature birth. There are many other solutions to an unwanted pregnancy, such...
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...check, less likely to breast feed and less careful to protect the fetus from harmful substances. An individual’s or a couple’s choice of contraceptive method should be made carefully, with complete knowledge about advantages, disadvantages, and side effects of the various options. Important things to consider include the following: * Personal values * Ability to use a method correctly * How the method will affect sexual enjoyment * Financial factors * Status of a couple’s relationship * Prior experiences * Future plans The widespread use of contraceptives points to both an increased awareness of responsibility for contraception and options available. Understanding this concept, its work and how they compare in terms of benefits and disadvantages is necessary for successful counseling. Legal and ethical issues must also be considered when counseling clients. The arguments about contraception fall into several groups: * philosophical arguments such as the "natural law" argument * arguments based on different ideas of marriage, sex and the family * human rights arguments such as * 'procreative liberty' * a woman's right to control her own body * human rights arguments about mass birth control programs * arguments based on the good or bad consequences of birth control (consequentialism) * arguments about the environmental and resource problems caused by over-population * religious arguments Background of the Study ...
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...populations in society. Effectiveness of healthcare interventions depends in part, on the approach that is taken in addressing the presenting issues (Shi & Stevens, 2005). Factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy span socioeconomic, cultural, and psychological issues that are perpetrated by individual characteristics (of the teenagers), peers, family members, and the greater society (Maurer & Smith, 2009). Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention note that in 2009, more than 500,000 children were born to mothers of ages 15 to 19 years, at a rate of 45.5 per 1000 mothers (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010, para. 1). Teenage pregnancy, a public health priority for youths, is a multifaceted health issue that is influenced, in part, by socioeconomic factors such as peer pressure, low income of families, and the media (Maurer & Smith, 2009; The National Campaign, 2010). Likewise, teenage pregnancy also creates socioeconomic and health problems for teenage mothers, teenage fathers, their children, and society. Some of the effects of teenage pregnancy on the children of teen parents are prematurity, low birth weight, inadequate nutrition, child abuse, and replication of the patterns of school dropout. Teen pregnancy prevention programs that are based on appropriate theoretical frameworks play a vital role in the quest of optimal health and well-being for adolescents (Maurer &Smith, 2009). The...
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...populations in society. Effectiveness of healthcare interventions depends in part, on the approach that is taken in addressing the presenting issues (Shi & Stevens, 2005). Factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy span socioeconomic, cultural, and psychological issues that are perpetrated by individual characteristics (of the teenagers), peers, family members, and the greater society (Maurer & Smith, 2009). Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention note that in 2009, more than 500,000 children were born to mothers of ages 15 to 19 years, at a rate of 45.5 per 1000 mothers (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010, para. 1). Teenage pregnancy, a public health priority for youths, is a multifaceted health issue that is influenced, in part, by socioeconomic factors such as peer pressure, low income of families, and the media (Maurer & Smith, 2009; The National Campaign, 2010). Likewise, teenage pregnancy also creates socioeconomic and health problems for teenage mothers, teenage fathers, their children, and society. Some of the effects of teenage pregnancy on the children of teen parents are prematurity, low birth weight, inadequate nutrition, child abuse, and replication of the patterns of school dropout. Teen pregnancy prevention programs that are based on appropriate theoretical frameworks play a vital role in the quest of optimal health and well-being for adolescents (Maurer &Smith, 2009). The proposal for this nursing...
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...Week 2, Chapter 2 1. Why are males more likely to have a sex-linked trait than females? Answer Men have only one X chromosome which makes the poor schleps chances of x linked traits bigger than women, who have two X chromosomes. Having two X chromosomes means that the trait can be cancelled out by the opposing X. 2 Characteristics such as hair color and height are called Answer 2 answers * phenotypes. * chromosomes. * genotypes. * zygotes. 3 A genotype Answer 3 answers * is a rodlike structure in the cell nucleus that transmits genetic information. * reflects an individual's physical and behavioral characteristics, determined both by environmental and genetic factors. * refers to the genetic makeup of an individual. * is a directly observable characteristic. 4 The DNA of humans and chimpanzees is between __________ percent identical. Answer 4 answers * 75 and 80 * 20 and 25 * 50 and 55 * 98 and 99 5 A person whose 23rd pair of chromosomes is XY Answer 5 answers * has PKU. * is male. * has Down syndrome. * cannot be a fraternal twin. 6 A zygote that separates into two clusters of cells instead of just one produces ...
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...A Biennial Report of the Kaiser Family Foundation 2003 X SE ON TV Dale Kunkel, Ph.D. Erica Biely Keren Eyal Kirstie Cope-Farrar, Ph.D. Edward Donnerstein, Ph.D. Rena Fandrich 3 SEX ON TV 2003 A BIENNIAL REPORT TO THE KAISER FAMILY FOUNDATION DALE KUNKEL, PH.D., ERICA BIELY, KEREN EYAL, KIRSTIE COPEFARRAR, PH.D., EDWARD DONNERSTEIN, PH.D., and RENA FANDRICH UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA FEBRUARY 2003 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to convey their sincere appreciation to a number of individuals who have played important roles in supporting and facilitating this research. At UCSB, Charles Mullin directed the videotaping effort that captured over 1,000 programs for analysis with diligence, dedication, and careful precision, as he has done consistently over the years in his work on this project. Emma Rollin generously assisted in this effort, assuming primary responsibility for several of the channels studied. The staff at UCSB’s Institute for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Research accomplished all of the financial aspects of the study helpfully and expertly. Tim Schmidt, Jan Jacobson, Jan Holtzclaw, Monica Koegler-Blaha, and Nicole DuBois all contributed to the success of this study with their “can do” approach to the many challenges posed by administrative bureaucracies. At the Kaiser Family Foundation, Vicky Rideout has been an invaluable partner since the outset of this ongoing project tracking sexual messages on television. Her vision...
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...|There are many ways to get information. The most common research methods are: literature searches, talking with people, focus groups, personal interviews, | |telephone surveys, mail surveys, email surveys, and internet surveys. | |A literature search involves reviewing all readily available materials. These materials can include internal company information, relevant trade | |publications, newspapers, magazines, annual reports, company literature, on-line data bases, and any other published materials. It is a very inexpensive | |method of gathering information, although it often does not yield timely information. Literature searches over the web are the fastest, while library | |literature searches can take between one and eight weeks. | |Talking with people is a good way to get information during the initial stages of a research project. It can be used to gather information that is not | |publicly available, or that is too new to be found in the literature. Examples might include meetings with prospects, customers, suppliers, and other types | |of business conversations at trade shows, seminars, and association meetings. Although often valuable, the information has questionable validity because it | |is highly subjective and might not be representative of the population...
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...Task C In this task I am going to explore all of the possible barriers which may make communication ineffective. Barriers are factors which slow down the process of communication of any kind. Possible features of barriers that could occur are environmental; sensory; cultural; gender and age differences; ignoring others body language. Practices such as offloading and imposing own views; shyness; aggressiveness; lack of self-awareness and haste. Certain barriers can be prevented however, by awareness and adaptation to situations. Within most health and social care settings, situations within these features are expected, therefore preparation should be taken to identity for when they occur. The barriers which may occur include: Physical barriers which pertain to the physical distance between two people, Personal barriers which involve parts of an individual’s communication competence between those communicating, sematic barriers which involve the way in which we interoperate and understand the word used in the interaction for example ‘bimonthly’ means twice a month but the person who is listening may interpret it to ‘once a month’. Gender/age difference Cultural Ignoring others body language Environmental Barriers Barriers Offloading and imposing Own views ...
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...preconscious, what we might today call "available memory:" anything that can easily be made conscious, the memories you are not at the moment thinking about but can readily bring to mind. Now no-one has a problem with these two layers of mind. But Freud suggested that these are the smallest parts! The largest part by far is the unconscious. It includes all the things that are not easily available to awareness, including many things that have their origins there, such as our drives or instincts, and things that are put there because we can't bear to look at them, such as the memories and emotions associated with trauma. According to Freud, the unconscious is the source of our motivations, whether they be simple desires for food or sex, neurotic compulsions, or the motives of an artist or scientist. And yet, we are often driven to deny or resist becoming conscious of these motives, and they are often available to us only in disguised form. We will come back to this. The id, the ego, and the superego Freudian psychological reality begins with the world, full of objects. Among them is a very special object, the organism. The organism is special in that it acts to survive and reproduce, and it is guided toward those ends by its needs -- hunger, thirst, the avoidance of pain, and sex. A part -- a very important part -- of the organism is the nervous system, which has as one of its characteristics a sensitivity to the organism's needs. At birth, that nervous system is little more...
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