True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

__T__ 1. When two or more RFCs cover the same topic, they usually also share the same title.

_F___ 2. RFC 3300 describes how an RFC is created and what processes it must go through to become an official standard, adopted by the IETF.

__T__ 3. A divide and conquer approach permits concerns related to networking hardware to be completely separated from those related to networking software.

___T_ 4. PDUs typically include “envelope information” in the form of specific headers and trailers.

__F__ 5. The Session layer is equipped to request retransmission of all erroneous or missing PDUs when reassembly is underway, so that it can guarantee reliable delivery of data from sender to receiver.

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

__b__ 1. The ____ includes the physical transmission medium (cables or wireless media) that any network must use to send and receive the signals that constitute the physical expression of networked communications. a. | Data Link layer | c. | Network layer | b. | Physical layer | d. | Transport layer |

___a_ 2. The ____ is where ongoing communications between a sender and a receiver, somewhat like a telephone conversation, are set up, maintained, and then terminated, or torn down,as needed. a. | Session layer | c. | Network layer | b. | Physical layer | d. | Presentation layer |

__a__ 3. The ____ defines an interface that applications can use to request network services, rather than referring directly to applications themselves. a. | Application layer | c. | Session layer | b. | Physical layer | d. | Presentation layer |

_c___ 4. The TCP/IP Application layer also is known as the ____ layer because this is where the protocol stack interfaces with applications or processes on a host machine. a. | Session | c. | Process | b. | Network | d. | Transport |

_d___ 5. Combining the various sources of outgoing data into a single output data stream is called ____. a. | segmentation | c. | protocol analysis | b. | demultiplexing | d. | multiplexing |

____ 6. Many PDUs include a characteristic closing component called a ____ that provides data integrity checks for the data portion of the PDU, known as the payload. a. | well-known protocol | c. | network service | b. | trailer | d. | host |

____ 7. ____ is the process of tapping into the network communications system, capturing packets that cross the network, gathering network statistics, and decoding the packets into readable form. a. | Segmentation | c. | Encapsulation | b. | Multiplexing | d. | Protocol analysis |

____ 8. A(n) ____ is a holding area for packets copied off the network. a. | trace buffer | c. | packet | b. | payload | d. | layer |

____ 9. Many analyzers have configurable ____ that indicate unusual network events or errors. a. | ports | c. | sockets | b. | alarms | d. | sessions |

____ 10. Remote Monitoring (RMON) uses the ____ to collect traffic data at a remote switch and send the data to a management device. a. | Simple Network Management Protocol | c. | Virtual Private Network | b. | User Datagram Protocol | d. | Wide Area Information Service |

Completion
Complete each statement.

1. The ____________________ layer also coordinates the sending and receiving of signals across the networking medium, and determines what kinds of cables, connectors, and network interfaces must be used to access a specific area on a network.

2. The primary function of the ____________________ layer is to provide a globally unique address to every host on the Internet and paths to and from hosts.

3. ____________________ involves cutting up a big message into a numbered sequence of chunks, called segments, in which each chunk represents the maximum data payload that the network media can carry between sender and receiver.

4. The Session layer includes mechanisms to maintain reliable ongoing conversations, called ____________________.

5. The most important TCP/IP Network Access layer protocol is ____________________.

Short Answer

1. What is the purpose of the Internet Architecture Board?

2. The reference model described in ISO Standard 7498 breaks network communication into seven layers. List each layer from top to bottom.

3. What is the purpose of the following protocols: Internet Protocol, Internet Control Message Protocol, and Address Resolution Protocol.

4. What is the difference between the Open Shortest Path First protocol and the Border Gateway Protocol?

5. List five basic elements found on most protocol analyzers