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The Big Cheese of Mousetraps

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Submitted By ihsan
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Chapter 6

TIME VALUE OF MONEY

Alex Tajirian

Time Value of Money

6-2

1. OBJECTIVE
# Derive a valuation (pricing) equation based on cash flow (amount, timing, & risk). Time Value of Money analysis involves: ! ! What is $1 worth 10 years from today (Future Value)? What is $1 to be received in 10 years worth today (Present Value)?

#

#

Applications ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Loan amortization stated vs. effective interest charged rebate vs. low financing pricing of bonds (Chapter 7) pricing of stocks/firms (Chapter 7) What is the value of a particular division within a firm? How much value does a new project contribute to a firm?

#

In this chapter we assume the following are given: ! cash flow: amount, timing, and risk as reflected in k

© morevalue.com, 1997
Alex Tajirian

Time Value of Money

6-3

2. TYPES OF VALUATION

L

Based on investors' preferences and attitudes towards consumption and risk. ! Demand & Supply analysis

L

Based on "cash flow (CF)", ! CF: stream of promised future income

today = time of analysis | period s CF $100 200 -100 ... 0 | 1 | | 2 time 3

where periods can be hours, days, weeks, etc Note.

7

Positive CF means receiving $ (inflow), negative CF means paying $ (outflow)

Thus, given the CFs and how good the promise is, its risk, everyone would agree on the value (price) of the income stream.

© morevalue.com, 1997
Alex Tajirian

Time Value of Money

6-4

3. FUTURE VALUE (FV)

L

Put $100 (CF) in a bank for one year at interest (i) = 10% What is value of $100 one year from today; (FV1) ?

FV1 ' ' ' ' '

Future Value of a CF 1 period from today principal % interest payment principal % (interest rate) × (principal) $100 % (.1)($100) $100 × (1 % .1) ' $110

(1)

where, subscript 1 denotes # of periods in the future Thus, the CF is compounded at rate "i".

L

What is value

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